Competition law and policy in Latin America : recent developments / edited by Paulo Burnier da Silveira.
2017
KG759 .C655 2017 (Map It)
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Title
Competition law and policy in Latin America : recent developments / edited by Paulo Burnier da Silveira.
Uniform Title
Competition law and policy in Latin America (Burnier da Silveira)
Published
Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands : Kluwer Law International, B.V., [2017]
Call Number
KG759 .C655 2017
ISBN
9789041160478
9041160477
9789041186881 (e-Book)
9789041186898 (web-PDF)
9041160477
9789041186881 (e-Book)
9789041186898 (web-PDF)
Description
xxviii, 374 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm
System Control No.
(OCoLC)982844923
Summary
Competition Law and Policy in Latin America: Recent Developments' analyzes new competition laws and reforms in Latin America and provides an overview of the interface between competition law and other public policies. The Latin American countries, both individually and as a community, are poised to become increasingly important in the international recognition and enforcement of competition law. Recent policy developments in this region are particularly instructive on cross-border mergers and international cartel investigations. Although this book's focus is on Latin America, its in-depth exploration of areas such as information exchange among competition authorities, compliance, settlements and remedies are of great value and interest to competition lawyers and policymakers worldwide.-- Source other than Library of Congress.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Record Appears in
Added Author
Table of Contents
Editor and Contributors
v
Foreword
xxv
Presentation / Antonio Gomes
xxvii
Part I Institutional Setups and Advocacy Efforts / Vinicius Marques de Carvalho
2
ch. 1
New Competition Policy in Mexico / Vinicius Marques de Carvalho
3
1.01.
Introduction / Carlos Mena Labarthe
3
1.02.
Overview of the Evolution of Competition Law in Mexico / Carlos Mena Labarthe
4
A.
First Competition Provisions / Carlos Mena Labarthe
4
B.
First Competition Law. The Real Emergence of a Competition Law / Carlos Mena Labarthe
4
C.
Strengthening of Competition Law / Carlos Mena Labarthe
6
1.
Public Opinion as a Factor for Change / Carlos Mena Labarthe
6
2.
Relevant Cases / Carlos Mena Labarthe
7
D.
Transformation Factors That Became Amendments / Carlos Mena Labarthe
11
1.
2006 Legal Reform / Carlos Mena Labarthe
11
2.
2011 Legal Reform / Carlos Mena Labarthe
13
1.03.
Paradigm Shift in Competition Law / Carlos Mena Labarthe
14
A.
Political Context of the 2013 Constitutional Reform / Carlos Mena Labarthe
14
B.
2013 Constitutional Reform / Carlos Mena Labarthe
15
1.
Incremental Powers / Carlos Mena Labarthe
17
2.
Institutional Design of Checks and Balances / Carlos Mena Labarthe
17
a.
Autonomy Between the Investigative and the Decision-Making Authorities / Carlos Mena Labarthe
17
b.
More Accountability Obligations / Carlos Mena Labarthe
19
c.
Creation of Specialized Courts / Carlos Mena Labarthe
20
C.
New Federal Law of Economic Competition / Carlos Mena Labarthe
21
1.04.
Challenges and a New Competition Framework / Carlos Mena Labarthe
22
A.
Institutional Arrangements / Carlos Mena Labarthe
26
B.
Fight Against Cartels / Carlos Mena Labarthe
27
C.
Coordination with the IFT / Carlos Mena Labarthe
30
D.
Application of the New Powers of COFECE to Conduct Market Investigations / Carlos Mena Labarthe
31
E.
Market Studies / Carlos Mena Labarthe
32
F.
Mergers / Carlos Mena Labarthe
33
G.
Advocacy / Carlos Mena Labarthe
33
1.05.
Conclusion / Carlos Mena Labarthe
34
ch. 2
New Competition Policy in Argentina / Carlos Mena Labarthe
37
2.01.
Introduction / Julian Pella
37
2.02.
Background / Julian Pella
37
2.03.
New Developments / Julian Pella
38
2.04.
Conclusions / Julian Pella
42
ch. 3
New Competition Policy in Paraguay / Julian Pella
45
3.01.
Introduction / Cynthia Andino
45
3.02.
Legal Framework / Cynthia Andino
46
A.
Law No. 4956 (Competition Law) / Cynthia Andino
47
B.
Rules to Law No. 4956 / Cynthia Andino
47
3.03.
Illegal Conducts Established in Law No. 4956 / Cynthia Andino
47
A.
Anticompetitive Agreements / Cynthia Andino
48
B.
Abuse of Dominant Position / Cynthia Andino
49
C.
Merger Control / Cynthia Andino
50
3.04.
Relevant Conducts Not Classified in the Competition Law / Cynthia Andino
51
A.
Unfair Competition / Cynthia Andino
51
B.
State Aid / Cynthia Andino
51
3.05.
CONACOM: Paraguayan Competition Authority / Cynthia Andino
52
A.
CONACOM's Powers / Cynthia Andino
52
B.
Board of Qualifications / Cynthia Andino
53
3.06.
Procedure to Investigate and Punish Illegal Acts Defined in Law No. 4956 / Cynthia Andino
54
A.
Anticompetitive Agreements and Abuse of Dominant Position Procedure / Cynthia Andino
55
B.
Concentrations and Merger Control / Cynthia Andino
55
C.
Administrative Sanctioning Procedure / Cynthia Andino
55
3.07.
Conclusions / Cynthia Andino
57
3.08.
Recommendations / Cynthia Andino
57
Bibliography / Cynthia Andino
58
ch. 4
Antitrust Compliance Programs - The Brazilian Experience / Cynthia Andino
59
4.01.
Introduction / Marcela Mattiuzzo
59
4.02.
Compliance Programs in the Brazilian Context / Marcela Mattiuzzo
59
A.
Rise of Antitrust Compliance in Brazil - Enforcement by the New BCDS / Marcela Mattiuzzo
60
B.
Antitrust and Anticorruption / Marcela Mattiuzzo
63
C.
Current Status of the Regulation / Marcela Mattiuzzo
66
1.
Case Law - HSBC/Bradesco / Marcela Mattiuzzo
68
4.03.
Antitrust Compliance in Other Latin American Countries / Marcela Mattiuzzo
69
A.
Chile / Marcela Mattiuzzo
69
B.
Mexico / Marcela Mattiuzzo
70
4.04.
Final remarks / Marcela Mattiuzzo
71
ch. 5
Dissemination of the Competition Culture in Brazil: The Role Played by Civil Associations / Marcela Mattiuzzo
73
5.01.
Introduction / Guilherme Teno Castilho Missali, Eduardo Caminati Anders
73
5.02.
Antitrust Compliance Initiatives: A Brief Outline / Guilherme Teno Castilho Missali, Eduardo Caminati Anders
75
5.03.
Perceptions of the Competition Law in Brazil and Challenges Ahead / Guilherme Teno Castilho Missali, Eduardo Caminati Anders
76
5.04.
Case analysis: an example of civil association (IBRAC) / Guilherme Teno Castilho Missali, Eduardo Caminati Anders
79
5.05.
Conclusions / Eduardo Caminati Anders, Guilherme Teno Castilho Missali
84
ch. 6
Trends and Developments in Competition Advocacy in Latin America / Guilherme Teno Castilho Missali, Eduardo Caminati Anders
85
6.01.
Introduction / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
85
6.02.
Why Advocacy Efforts Are Relevant in the Context of Latin America / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
86
6.03.
What is the Status of Competition Advocacy in Latin America? / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
88
6.04.
What Lies Behind the Successful Advocacy Initiatives in Latin America? / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
94
A.
Mexico / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
95
B.
Peru / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
97
C.
Colombia / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
101
D.
El Salvador / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
102
E.
Other Advocacy Strategies Conducted by Competition Agencies / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
104
6.05.
What Lessons Can Be Drawn from Recent Advocacy in Latin America and the Useful Activities for the Future? / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
107
ch. 7
Pro-competitive Regulatory Assessment in Latin America / Martha Martinez Licetti, Tanja Goodwin Lucia Villardn
111
7.01.
Introduction / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
111
7.02.
Why Are Pro-competitive Regulatory Frameworks Good for Latin American Economies? / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
113
A.
Competition is Beneficial to Consumers / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
113
B.
Competition Enhances Productivity / Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini Ania Thiemann
114
C.
Regulatory Restrictions on Competition Harm Growth / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
115
D.
Latin America Faces a High Regulatory Burden / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
118
7.03.
What Is Competition Assessment of Regulations? / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
119
7.04.
Recent Experience of Competition Assessment in Latin America / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
121
A.
Assessments That Found Limitations to the Number or Range of Suppliers / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
123
B.
Assessments That Found Limitations to the Ability of Suppliers to Compete / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
126
C.
Assessments That Found Limitations to Incentives of Suppliers to Compete / Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini Ania Thiemann
126
D.
Assessments That Found Limitations to the Choices and Information Available to Consumers / James Mancini Rosana Aragon Plaza, Ania Thiemann
128
7.05.
Emerging Opportunities for Competition Assessment in Latin America / Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini Ania Thiemann
128
A.
Ex post Assessment / Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza, James Mancini
128
B.
Digital Economy Innovations / James Mancini Rosana Aragon Plaza, Ania Thiemann
130
7.06.
Conclusion / James Mancini Ania Thiemann Rosana Aragon Plaza
131
Part II Enforcement Experiences: Anticompetitive Practices and Merger Control / Rosana Aragon Plaza, Ania Thiemann James Mancini
133
ch. 8
Bid Rigging in Public Procurement in Colombia: Evolution and Challenges / Ania Thiemann James Mancini Rosana Aragon Plaza
135
8.01.
Introduction / German Enrique Bacca Medina
135
8.02.
Bid Rigging in Public Procurement Evolution in Colombia / German Enrique Bacca Medina
136
A.
Brief Historical Review Prior to Law 1340 of 2009 / German Enrique Bacca Medina
136
B.
Modernization of the Colombian Regime and Change in the Strategy Against Bid Rigging in Public Procurement / German Enrique Bacca Medina
138
C.
Most Relevant Cases Following Law 1340 of 2009 / German Enrique Bacca Medina
145
1.
COMSAT INTERNATIONAL (2010) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
145
2.
INPEC (2012) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
145
3.
RAPISCAN (2012) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
146
4.
VALME (2013) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
146
5.
CORMAGDALENA (2013) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
147
6.
NULE BIENESTARINA GROUP (2013) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
147
7.
NULE HOGARES (2013) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
148
8.
IDIPRON (2013) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
148
9.
PAVIGAS (2014) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
149
10.
VIGILANCIA (2015) Case / German Enrique Bacca Medina
149
8.03.
Conclusions / German Enrique Bacca Medina
149
ch. 9
Predatory Pricing Policy for Latin American Emerging Economies / German Enrique Bacca Medina
151
9.01.
Introduction / Pablo Marquez
151
9.02.
Economics of Price Predation / Pablo Marquez
152
A.
Exclusionary Pricing and Abusive Pricing Policy / Pablo Marquez
152
B.
Market Power, Exclusionary Behavior and Price Predation / Pablo Marquez
154
9.03.
Mainstream Standards for Predatory Pricing / Pablo Marquez
157
A.
Per Se Legal Below Cost Selling / Pablo Marquez
158
B.
Per Se Illegal Price Predation / Pablo Marquez
160
1.
Below Marginal Cost Predation / Pablo Marquez
161
2.
Below Average Variable Cost Predation / Pablo Marquez
162
3.
Above-Cost Predation / Pablo Marquez
165
9.04.
Predatory Pricing in Latin America / Pablo Marquez
168
A.
Illegal Per Se Predatory Pricing / Pablo Marquez
169
B.
Rule-of-Reason Approach to Predatory Pricing / Pablo Marquez
171
9.05.
Rule for Predatory Pricing Enforcement in Latin American Emerging Economies / Pablo Marquez
176
A.
Justification for a Different Approach to Price Predation in Emerging Latin American Economies / Pablo Marquez
176
1.
Effect-Based Price Predation Standard for Emerging Economies / Pablo Marquez
179
a.
Dominance / Pablo Marquez
180
b.
Pro-competitive effects / Pablo Marquez
180
c.
Profits Sacrifice / Pablo Marquez
180
2.
Administrability of a Below and Above-Cost Predation Standard / Pablo Marquez
181
a.
Below and Above-Cost Predation in Latin American Emerging Economies / Pablo Marquez
182
9.06.
Conclusions / Pablo Marquez
183
ch. 10
Bid Rigging in Ecuador / Pablo Marquez
187
10.01.
Introduction / David A. Sperber
187
10.02.
Legal Framework / David A. Sperber
189
A.
Public Procurement Legislation / David A. Sperber
189
B.
Competition Legislation / David A. Sperber
190
C.
Anticompetitive Agreements / David A. Sperber
191
D.
Public Procurement and Competition Law / David A. Sperber
191
10.03.
Overview of International Bid Rigging Cases / David A. Sperber
191
A.
United States of America: Multiple Listing Service, Inc. / David A. Sperber
191
B.
United Kingdom: Cirrus and Others / David A. Sperber
192
C.
Australia: Marine Hoses / David A. Sperber
192
10.04.
Ecuador Bid Rigging Cases / David A. Sperber
193
A.
TUBOS Case (Ministry of Industry and Productivity) / David A. Sperber
193
B.
CRONIX Case (Superintendence of Control of Market Power) / David A. Sperber
194
10.05.
Conclusions / David A. Sperber
195
ch. 11
Case of Automotive Market in a Special Customs Area of Argentina / David A. Sperber
197
11.01.
Introduction / Alejandro Lucero Fabian Pettigrew
197
11.02.
Special Customs Area Created by Law 19.640 and the Automotive Regime / Alejandro Lucero Fabian Pettigrew
198
11.03.
Investigation Carried Out by the CNDC / Alejandro Lucero Fabian Pettigrew
199
A.
Legal Frame of the Investigation / Alejandro Lucero Fabian Pettigrew
200
B.
Fine / Alejandro Lucero Fabian Pettigrew
201
C.
Judgment of the Camara Federal de Apelaciones de Comodoro Rivadavia / Alejandro Lucero Fabian Pettigrew
202
ch. 12
Exchanges of Information in Competition Law: The Chilean (Incipient) Experience / Alejandro Lucero Fabian Pettigrew
205
12.01.
Introduction / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
205
12.02.
Institutional and Substantive Framework / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
208
A.
Institutional Framework / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
208
B.
Main Substantive Provisions / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
210
C.
Concept of Agreement in Chilean Competition Law / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
211
12.03.
Exchanges of Information as Support for Cartel Behavior / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
212
A.
Exchanges of Information on Quantity / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
213
B.
Exchanges of Information on Prices / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
214
C.
Multimarket Contacts / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
215
12.04.
"Residual" Exchanges of Information / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
215
A.
Market Structures and Characteristics of the Information / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
217
B.
General Guidance by Chilean Authorities / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
222
12.05.
Summing Up / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
224
ch. 13
Ten Years Fighting Cartels: The Case of El Salvador / Javier Tapia Vanessa Facuse
227
ch. 14
Use of Indirect Evidences in the Fight Against Cartels in Brazil / Aldo Henrique Cader Camilot
233
14.01.
Introduction / Paulo Bumier da Silveira, Pablo Reja Sanchez
233
14.02.
Types of Bid-Rigging / Paulo Bumier da Silveira, Pablo Reja Sanchez
234
14.03.
Cartel of Solar Heaters in Brazil / Paulo Bumier da Silveira, Pablo Reja Sanchez
235
14.04.
International Trend / Paulo Bumier da Silveira, Pablo Reja Sanchez
236
14.05.
Final Remarks / Paulo Bumier da Silveira, Pablo Reja Sanchez
237
ch. 15
Shareholders' Damage Claims Against Company Directors for Antitrust Violations? The Japanese Experience and Possible Lessons to Brazil and Latin America / Paulo Bumier da Silveira, Pablo Reja Sanchez
239
15.01.
Introduction / Amanda Athayde
239
15.02.
Japanese Experience on Shareholder Derivative Actions Against Officers and Directors in the Antitrust Context / Amanda Athayde
240
15.03.
Are Shareholder Derivative Suits Against Officers and Directors for Antitrust Violations a Possible Reality in Brazil? / Amanda Athayde
243
15.04.
Conclusion / Amanda Athayde
250
ch. 16
Relation Between Antitrust and Intellectual Property Law on CADE's Case Law / Amanda Athayde
255
16.01.
Introduction / Ana Frazdo Angelo Gamba Prata de Carvalho
255
16.02.
Complex Relation Between IP Rights and Antitrust Law / Ana Frazdo Angelo Gamba Prata de Carvalho
256
16.03.
Legitimacy of Antitrust Intervention over IP rights: The ANFAPE Case / Ana Frazdo Angelo Gamba Prata de Carvalho
259
16.04.
CADE's View on Standard-Essential Patents and License Agreements / Ana Frazdo Angelo Gamba Prata de Carvalho
262
16.05.
Sham Litigation and Intellectual Property / Ana Frazdo Angelo Gamba Prata de Carvalho
264
16.06.
Final Remarks / Ana Frazdo Angelo Gamba Prata de Carvalho
266
ch. 17
Merger Control in Mexico: Development and Outlook / Ana Frazdo Angelo Gamba Prata de Carvalho
269
17.01.
General Overview / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
269
17.02.
Evolution of the Regulatory Framework, 1993-2014 / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
270
A.
Merger Control in the 1993 FLEC / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
270
B.
Changes to the FLEC in 2006 / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
271
C.
Changes to the FLEC in 2011 / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
272
D.
Current Legal Framework / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
273
17.03.
Brief Review of Some Relevant Cases / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
274
A.
Mexicana/Aeromexico / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
274
B.
Coca-Cola/Jugos del Valle / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
276
C.
Mexichem / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
276
D.
Televisa/GSF Telecom Holdings / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
278
E.
Nestle/Pfizer / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
279
F.
Cinemex/Cinemark / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
280
G.
Comex/Sherwin Williams / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
280
17.04.
Conclusions / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
281
Part III International Cooperation / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
283
ch. 18
Regional Coordination in Cartel Investigations: The Liquid Oxygen Case / Francisco Javier Nunez Melgoza
285
18.01.
Introduction / Pierre Horna
285
18.02.
Reviewing the Facts of Liquid Oxygen Cartel Cases in Panama (2001), Argentina (2005), Chile (2007), Peru, Brazil and Colombia (2010) and Mexico (2011) / Pierre Horna
288
18.03.
Reviewing Cooperation Agreements in Some of the Jurisdictions of the Liquid Oxygen Cartel Cases: Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Peru / Pierre Horna
293
18.04.
Challenges in Strengthening Cooperation in Cartel Cases for the Selected Jurisdictions / Pierre Horna
298
A.
Low Levels of Cooperation Between Competition Agencies / Pierre Horna
298
B.
Prohibition to Exchange Information in Open Cartel Investigations / Pierre Horna
300
C.
Modest Developments in Implementing Leniency Programs in the Seven Jurisdictions, with the Exception of Brazil and Chile / Pierre Horna
302
D.
Proper Recognition of the Evidence Gathered Abroad / Pierre Horna
302
18.05.
Some Recommendations to Improve Coordination Between Cartel Enforcers in Latin America / Pierre Horna
303
A.
Improving the Level of Cooperation and Coordination Between Agencies / Pierre Horna
303
18.06.
Steps Towards Effective Exchange of Information in Parallel Investigations / Pierre Horna
305
18.07.
Improving the Request of Evidence Abroad and Recognition: Establishing Ideas for a Victim of an International/Regional Cartel to Claim Private/Civil Damages Locally / Pierre Horna
308
18.08.
Final Remarks / Pierre Horna
311
Bibliography / Pierre Horna
313
ch. 19
Defense of Competition in Mercosur / Pierre Horna
315
19.01.
Introduction / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
315
19.02.
Treaty of Asuncion and the Provisional Regulation of Competition Law / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
316
19.03.
Protocol for the Defense of Competition of MERCOSUR (Fortaleza Protocol) / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
317
19.04.
New Directions for the MERCOSUR Antitrust Policy / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
319
A.
Antecedents / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
319
B.
Agreement for the Defense of Competition of MERCOSUR / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
321
C.
Review of the Agreement for the Defense of Competition of MERCOSUR and the Challenges of Cooperation Within the Bloc / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
324
19.05.
Conclusion / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
326
Bibliography / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
327
ch. 20
Implications of the Trans-Pacific Partnership for Competition Policy / Eugenia Cristina Nilsen Ribeiro Barza, Marcelo Cesar Guimarcies
329
20.01.
Introduction / Martha Martinez Licetti, Graciela Miralles Murciego, Guilherme de Aguiar Falco
329
20.02.
Competition Chapter / Guilherme de Aguiar Falco, Martha Martinez Licetti, Graciela Miralles Murciego
334
20.03.
SOE Chapter / Graciela Miralles Murciego, Martha Martinez Licetti, Guilherme de Aguiar Falco
339
20.04.
Vertical Dimension of Competition-Related Commitments / Graciela Miralles Murciego, Martha Martinez Licetti, Guilherme de Aguiar Falco
353
20.05.
Final Remarks / Martha Martinez Licetti, Graciela Miralles Murciego, Guilherme de Aguiar Falco
358
Index / Martha Martinez Licetti, Graciela Miralles Murciego, Guilherme de Aguiar Falco
361