International legal research in a global community / Heidi Frostestad Kuehl, Megan A. O'Brien.
2018
KZ1234 .K84 2018 (Map It)
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Title
International legal research in a global community / Heidi Frostestad Kuehl, Megan A. O'Brien.
Published
Durham, North Carolina : Carolina Academic Press, [2018]
Copyright
©2018
Call Number
KZ1234 .K84 2018
ISBN
9781611631999 paperback
1611631998 paperback
9781531008345 (e-ISBN)
1611631998 paperback
9781531008345 (e-ISBN)
Description
xix, 219 pages ; 23 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)986788688
Summary
"While treaties and international custom are the bedrock of public international legal research, other sources, including general principles of law, tribunal decisions, the writings of highly qualified scholars, jus cogens, UN resolutions, and soft law, must all be consulted for comprehensive research. [This book] offers researchers confronted with legal issues that implicate public international law a foundation in these sources of law, research strategies for handling them, and real-world examples that focus on the process for carrying out research.This book further refines the research approach for handling treaties and international custom based on the recent tentative drafts of the Restatement of the Law (Fourth) Foreign Relations of the United States and the 2016 Annual Report of the International Law Commission. With a chapter on cultural competency, and written from a US perspective, this book identifies areas where biases and blind spots may arise when researching and applying international law so that researchers may account for them."-- Back cover.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Record Appears in
Gift
Purchased from the income of the Miles Price Fund
Added Author
Gift
The Arthur W. Diamond Law Library
Purchased from the income of the Miles Price Fund
Table of Contents
Series Note
xiii
Preface
xv
ch. 1
Public International Legal Research
3
I.
Introduction and Foundation Principles
3
II.
Definition of Public International Law
5
III.
Legal Personality: States, International Organizations, and Individuals
6
IV.
Sources of Public International Law
9
A.
Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice
10
B.
Jus Cogens
11
C.
U.N. General Assembly Resolutions Passed Unanimously or Near Unanimously
12
D.
Soft Law
12
V.
Conclusion
14
ch. 2
Treaty Research and Treaty Implementation
15
I.
Introduction
15
A.
International Agreements
16
B.
Between States
16
C.
In Written Form
17
D.
Governed by International Law
18
II.
Collections of Treaties
19
A.
General Treaty Collections
19
B.
Historical Treaty Collections
20
C.
National Treaty Collections
22
D.
Regional Treaty Collections
23
E.
Subject Treaty Collections
24
F.
Combination Treaty Collections
25
III.
Treaty Research Process
25
A.
Find an Authoritative Text
25
i.
Find Authoritative Texts and Subsequent and Related Treaty Actions
27
ii.
Use Comprehensive Treaty Indexes to Find Authoritative Texts
29
B.
Identify the Depositary
30
C.
Check the Status of the Treaty
31
i.
Identify Signatories and Parties to the Treaty
32
ii.
Determine Entry into Force Date
34
iii.
Find and Read the Reservations, Understandings and Declarations (RUDs)
35
IV.
U.S. Treaty Implementation
37
A.
Sources for U.S. Treaty Implementation
41
B.
Treaty Implementation Research Process through Selected Examples
42
i.
Chemical Weapons Convention
42
ii.
Paris Act Relating to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Property
44
iii.
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
47
V.
Conclusion
49
ch. 3
Use of Travaux Preparatories for International Legal Research
51
I.
Introduction
51
II.
U.S. Treaty Interpretation at the Federal Level & Legislative History Research
53
III.
U.S. Treaty Interpretation at the Federal Level & Use of Travaux Preparatories
54
IV.
Legal Research Process
56
V.
Conclusion
59
ch. 4
Customary International Law
61
I.
Introduction
61
II.
Definition of Customary International Law
62
III.
General State Practice
64
IV.
Accepted as Law
66
V.
Actions in Contravention of Customary International Law
68
VI.
Jus Cogens
69
VII.
Sources & Legal Research Process for Customary International Law
70
A.
Subsidiary Means for the Determination of an Existing Rule of Customary International Law
70
i.
Research to Find Judicial Decisions to Show Evidence of Existing Customary International Law
71
ii.
Research to Find the Teachings of the Most Highly Qualified Publicists to Show Evidence of Existing Customary International Law
72
iii.
Research to Find Codification Treaties to Show Evidence of Existing Customary International Law
73
B.
Updating Subsidiary Sources of Customary International Law
75
C.
Finding Evidence of Rules of Customary International Law That Have Yet to Be Identified or Are New Rules
75
i.
Treaties and Other Diplomatic Acts and Correspondence to Show State Practice and Opinio Juris
77
ii.
National Legislation
78
iii.
National Decisions and State Filings in International Tribunals
80
iv.
Conduct in Connection with Resolutions Adopted by an International Organization or at an Inter-governmental Conference
81
v.
Employing a Subject Matter Approach
83
VIII.
Conclusion
83
ch. 5
General Principles Accepted as Law
85
I.
Background
85
II.
Research Process
88
III.
Conclusion
92
ch. 6
Teachings of Highly Qualified Publicists as Subsidiary Sources
93
I.
Introduction
93
II.
Sources for Teachings of Highly Qualified Publicists
96
A.
Restatements of the Law
96
B.
International Law Association Materials
97
C.
Institut de Droit International Materials
98
D.
International Law Commission Materials
98
E.
Law Reviews
99
i.
Sources for Law Reviews
100
ii.
Searching for Law Review Articles Full Text
100
iii.
Searching for Law Review Articles Using an Index
101
iv.
Updating Law Review Articles
102
F.
Legal Treatises
102
i.
Finding Legal Treatises
103
ii.
Updating Legal Treatises
103
G.
Finding Law Reviews and Treatises (Writings of Highly Qualified Publicists) in a Foreign Jurisdiction
103
III.
Conclusion
104
ch. 7
World Judicial Decisions
107
I.
Introduction
107
II.
Growth in the Number of International Courts and Tribunals
107
III.
Weight of Authority of Judicial Decisions & The Doctrine of Stare Decisis
110
IV.
Compulsory Jurisdiction and Enforcement of Judgments
111
V.
Research Process for Finding World Judicial Decisions Generally
111
VI.
Selected Examples of Resources for World Judicial Decisions
114
A.
International Court of Justice and Permanent Court of International Justice
114
B.
International Criminal Court
115
C.
International Criminal Tribunal for Yugoslavia / International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
117
D.
European Court of Justice and European Court of Human Rights
118
E.
Specialty International Tribunals
119
F.
Regional Courts --- Africa/Americas/Asia
120
VII.
Conclusion
121
Appendix --- Chart of International Judicial Decisions
122
ch. 8
Secondary Sources
125
I.
Introduction
125
II.
Types of Secondary Sources
126
A.
Dictionaries
126
B.
Legal Encyclopedias
128
C.
Words and Phrases
130
D.
American Law Reports
131
E.
Bar Journals
131
F.
Practice Materials
132
G.
Legal Blogs
132
H.
Newspapers
133
I.
Secondary Sources often used for Customary International Law Research: Commentaries, Government Gazettes, Yearbooks, Restatements, Law Reviews and Legal Treatises
133
III.
General Research Strategy for Secondary Sources
134
IV.
Conclusion
135
ch. 9
Use of Finding Aids, Arrangement of the Law, and Search Techniques
137
I.
Introduction
137
II.
Retrieval of a Source with a Known Citation
138
III.
Search Using Finding Aids
140
A.
Spine of Book
140
B.
Indexes
141
i.
Back of Book Index
141
ii.
Bibliographic Index
142
C.
Specialty Indexes
143
D.
Table of Contents
144
E.
List of Acronyms
144
F.
Table of Authorities
144
G.
Table of Cases
145
H.
Conversion Tables and Translation Tables
145
I.
Popular Name Table
146
J.
Catalogs
146
K.
Abstracts
147
IV.
Search by Subject and Topic
147
A.
Arrangement of ASIL's Electronic Information System for International Law
148
B.
Arrangement of the United Nations Multilateral Treaties Deposited with the Secretary General
149
C.
Arrangement of United States Treaties in Force
151
D.
Library of Congress Subject Headings
152
E.
West's Topic & Key Number Arrangement
153
F.
Digests
154
IV.
Natural Language Search and Boolean Search
155
i.
Natural Language Search
155
ii.
Boolean Search
156
iii.
Multiple Language Synonyms
157
iv.
Search by Field in Online Subscription Databases
158
v.
Search by Field Online
160
vi.
Search by Command
161
V.
Comparing Search Approaches and Tools
162
VI.
Control Strategies for Various Search Techniques
163
VII.
Conclusion
164
ch. 10
Planning and Recording Research
165
I.
Introduction
165
II.
Elements of a Plan
167
A.
Time Constraints & Deadlines
167
B.
Format of the End Product
167
C.
Cost Considerations
168
D.
Relevant Facts
168
E.
Search Terms
169
F.
Assessment of What Is Known
171
G.
Preliminary Issue Statements & Jurisdiction Considerations
171
H.
Research Guides & Tools to Consult during the Planning Phase
172
i.
Research Guides
173
ii.
Tools to Identify Legal Traditions
174
iii.
Tools to Handle Citations and Abbreviation Decoding Strategies
175
iv.
Translation Tools
176
I.
Identification of the Titles of the Sources of Law & the Publications or Online Databases That Contain Those Sources of Law
176
J.
Updating
177
K.
Summary
177
III.
Research Logs---Implementing the Plan
178
A.
Order for Carrying Out the Research Plan
178
B.
Keeping Track of Research in a Log
179
C.
Level of Detail Included in Log
180
i.
Source Field of the Research Log
180
ii.
How Accessed Field of the Research Log
181
iii.
Results Field of the Research Log
181
iv.
Notes/Thoughts Field of the Research Log
181
v.
Current-Through Field of the Research Log
183
IV.
Conclusion
183
ch. 11
Cultural Competencies
185
I.
Introduction
185
II.
Codes of Conduct, Ethical Rules, and Bar Admission Requirements
187
III.
Researching and Understanding Selected Legal Systems and Traditions
188
IV.
Sources of Law in Common Law Legal Traditions
189
V.
Sources of Law in Civil Law Legal Traditions
189
VI.
Sources of Law in Religious-Based Legal Systems
191
VII.
Sources of Law in Custom-Based Legal Systems
192
VIII.
Sources of Law in Mixed Legal Traditions or Pluralistic Legal Traditions
192
IX.
Resources and Research Process for Selected Jurisdictions
193
A.
Argentinian Law Research
194
i.
Human Rights: Argentina
194
B.
Brazilian Law and Research
196
i.
Human Rights: Brazil
197
C.
Chinese Law and Research
198
i.
Human Rights: China
198
D.
Japanese Law and Research
199
i.
Human Rights: Japan
200
X.
Conclusion
201
Index
203