Belgian employment law / P. Humblet, M. Rigaux.
2010
KJK1270 .H863 2010 (Map It)
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Items
Details
Author
Title
Belgian employment law / P. Humblet, M. Rigaux.
Published
Antwerp ; Portland, Or. : Intersentia, [2010]
Distributed
Portland, Or. : Distribution for USA and Canada International Specialized Book Services
Copyright
©2010
Call Number
KJK1270 .H863 2010
Former Call Number
Bel 660 H88 2010
ISBN
9789400001497 (pbk.)
9400001495 (pbk.)
9400001495 (pbk.)
Description
xxvi, 237 pages ; 24 cm
System Control No.
(OCoLC)682880940
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 235-237).
Record Appears in
Added Author
Table of Contents
I.
THE CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT
1
ch. 1
Defining the contract of employment
1
ch. 2
Subordination
1
1.1.
Meaning
1
2.2.
Evidence
2
2.3.
Elements of assessment
3
2.4.
Other similar agreements
4
2.5.
False self-employment
4
The Employment Relations Act
5
2.5.1.1.
Principles
5
2.5.1.2.
The Committee responsible for the regulation of the employment relation
7
ch. 3
Evidence of individual employment contracts
9
II.
CONCLUDING THE CONTRACT
11
ch. 1
Recruitment
11
1.1.
Obligation to recruit certain categories of workers
11
1.2.
Prohibition of discrimination
12
1.2.1.
Thirty years of discrimination legislation
12
1.2.2.
The new anti-discrimination legislation
13
1.2.3.
Recent developments
14
1.3.
Selection criteria
16
1.3.1.
General criteria
16
1.3.2.
Criteria for re-employment
16
1.4.
The employer's obligations vis-a-vis the applicant
17
1.4.1.
Basis
17
1.4.2.
Duties
17
1.4.3.
Rules of conduct
18
1.4.4.
Code of conduct
19
1.5.
Medical examination
19
1.5.1.
Health assessment
19
1.5.2.
Medical tests
19
1.6.
Reporting recruitment
20
ch. 2
Principles of contract law in the context of the employment contract
20
2.1.
The parties' autonomy of will
20
2.2.
Consensualism
21
2.3.
The binding effect of the contract
21
2.4.
Implementation of the agreement bona fide
21
ch. 3
Conditions of validity
21
3.1.
Competence
21
3.1.1.
Minors
21
3.1.2.
Married persons
22
3.1.3.
Incapable persons
22
3.2.
Valid consent
22
3.2.1.
Error
22
3.2.2.
Violence
23
3.2.3.
Deceit
23
3.2.4.
Prejudice
24
3.3.
Object and cause
24
ch. 4
Formal requirements
25
4.1.
Principles
25
4.2.
Electronic signature
26
ch. 5
Types of employment contracts
26
5.1.
Period for which the employment contract was concluded
27
5.1.1.
General
27
5.1.2.
Consecutive fixed-term employment contracts
27
5.2.
Specification of the work to be carried out
28
5.3.
Nature of the job
29
5.4.
The replacement contract
31
5.4.1.
Principle
31
5.4.2.
Formal requirements
31
5.4.3.
Terms
32
5.4.3.1.
Employment contract for blue-collar workers or white-collar workers
32
5.4.3.2.
The probation clause
32
5.4.3.3.
Fixed-term or open-ended employment contract
32
5.4.3.3.1.
Principle
32
5.4.3.3.2.
Limitation in time
32
5.4.3.3.3.
Consecutive replacement contracts
32
5.4.4.
Termination
33
Open-ended replacement contract
33
5.4.4.1.1.
General
33
5.4.4.1.2.
Prior to the end of the replacement
33
5.4.4.1.3.
Return of the replaced employee
34
5.5.
Part-time work
34
5.5.1.
What is part-time work?
34
5.5.2.
Formal requirements
35
5.5.3.
Protection of the part-time employee
35
5.5.3.1.
Minimum weekly employment
35
5.5.3.2.
Minimum daily employment
36
5.5.3.3.
Work organization
36
5.5.3.4.
The employer's duty to keep records
37
5.5.3.5.
Too much flexibility is not financially attractive to the employer
37
5.5.3.6.
Part-time work as an exception
37
5.5.3.7.
Prohibition of discrimination
37
5.5.3.8.
Miscellaneous
38
ch. 6
The content of the contract
38
6.1.
Prohibited clauses
39
6.1.1.
Specific avoidance clauses
39
6.1.2.
The modification clause
39
6.2.
Conditions laid down in the Employment Contract Act
40
6.2.1.
Probation clause
40
6.2.1.1.
Formal requirements
40
6.2.1.2.
Duration
40
6.2.1.2.1.
Blue-collar workers
40
6.2.1.2.2.
White-collar workers
40
6.2.1.2.3.
What to do if the agreed probationary period is shorter or longer than the legally established minimum and maximum terms?
41
6.2.1.2.4.
Probation clause in fixed-term employment contracts
41
6.2.1.2.5.
Extension of the probationary period
41
6.2.1.2.6.
Consecutive probationary periods
41
6.2.1.3.
Suspension of the employment contract during the probationary period
41
6.2.1.3.1.
Blue-collar workers
41
6.2.1.3.2.
White-collar workers
42
6.2.1.4.
Termination of the employment contract with a probation clause
42
6.2.1.4.1.
Blue-collar workers
42
6.2.1.4.1.1.
Principle
42
6.2.1.4.1.2.
Unilateral termination during the suspension of the probationary period
42
6.2.1.4.1.3.
Formal requirements in the event of unilateral termination
43
6.2.1.4.1.4.
Compensation for improper dismissal
43
6.2.1.4.2.
White-collar workers
43
6.2.1.4.2.1.
Principle
43
6.2.1.4.2.2.
Unilateral termination during the interruption of the probationary period
44
6.2.1.4.2.3.
Compensation for improper dismissal/resignation
44
6.2.2.
Guarantee deposit
44
6.2.3.
Arbitration clause
45
6.2.4.
Competition clause
45
6.2.5.
The delcredere clause
45
6.2.6.
The training clause
45
6.3.
Clauses not regulated by the legislator
45
III.
EMPLOYMENT
47
ch. 1
Rights and duties
47
1.1.
The employer's duties
47
1.1.1.
General
47
1.1.2.
Obligations with regard to expats
48
1.1.3.
Payment of wages
49
1.1.3.1.
The concept of wage in the Wage Protection Act
49
1.1.3.2.
Protection at various levels
49
1.1.3.3.
The amount
51
1.1.4.
Working time limits
52
1.1.4.1.
Survey
52
1.1.4.2.
Scope
52
1.1.4.3.
Concept of `working time'
53
1.1.4.4.
Limits
53
1.1.4.4.1.
Fixed hours of work
53
1.1.4.4.2.
Flexible hours of work
54
1.1.4.5.
Special arrangements
54
1.1.4.6.
Overtime
55
1.1.4.7.
Enforcement
56
1.1.5.
Language legislation
56
1.1.6.
Work rules
58
1.1.6.1.
Content
58
1.1.6.2.
Binding aspect
58
1.1.6.3.
Formulating/changing
59
1.1.6.4.
Sanctions
59
1.2.
The employee's duties
59
ch. 2
Liability
61
2.1.
Preliminary
61
2.2.
The (extra) contractual liability of the employee vis-a-vis the employer
61
2.2.1.
Contractual liability
61
2.2.2.
Concurrence of contractual and extra-contractual liability
63
2.2.3.
Liability for faulty workmanship
64
2.3.
The extra-contractual liability vis-a-vis third parties
64
ch. 3
Suspension of the employment contract
65
3.1.
General
65
3.1.1.
Types
65
3.1.1.1.
Origin
65
3.1.1.2.
Guaranteed wages
66
3.2.
Temporary force majeure
67
3.3.
Guaranteed daily wages
67
3.3.1.
Delay and absence
67
3.3.2.
Interrupted working day
68
3.3.3.
Compulsory voting
68
3.4.
Military obligations
68
3.5.
Annual holidays
68
3.5.1.
Introduction
68
3.5.2.
Duration of the annual holidays
69
3.5.3.
Holiday allowance
70
3.5.4.
Time of the holidays
71
3.6.
Short leave of absence
71
3.6.1.
Reason and duration of absence
72
3.6.1.1.
The employee's wedding
72
3.6.1.2.
Marriage of certain family members of the employee or his/her spouse
72
3.6.1.3.
Ordination or convent entry of certain family members of the employee
72
3.6.1.4.
Birth of an employee's child
73
3.6.1.5.
Death of certain family members of the employee or his/her spouse
73
3.6.1.6.
Holy Communion of a child of the employee or his/her spouse
74
3.6.1.7.
Non-Confessional Youth Celebration of a child of the employee or his/her spouse
74
3.6.1.8.
Serving on a jury, summons as a witness for the court or personal appearance at the request of the labour tribunal
74
3.6.1.9.
Duties during elections
75
3.6.2.
Part-time work
75
3.6.3.
Terms
75
3.7.
Public Holidays
76
3.7.1.
Legal holidays
76
3.7.2.
Substitute days
77
3.7.3.
Compensatory days off
77
3.7.4.
Guaranteed wages
77
3.8.
Sickness or injury
77
3.8.1.
Concept of `incapacity for work'
77
3.8.2.
Guaranteed wages
78
3.8.2.1.
Blue-collar workers
78
3.8.2.1.1.
Condition of seniority
78
3.8.2.1.2.
Extent
78
3.8.2.1.3.
First day of sick leave
79
3.8.2.2.
White-collar workers
79
3.8.2.2.1.
White-collar workers on probation or with a short-term contract
80
3.8.2.2.2.
Other white-collar workers
80
3.8.2.3.
Relapsing
80
3.8.2.4.
Grounds for exclusion
80
3.8.2.5.
Redress
81
3.8.3.
The employee's obligations
81
3.8.3.1.
Informing the employer
81
3.8.3.1.1.
Principle
81
3.8.3.1.2.
Manner
81
3.8.3.1.3.
Sanctions
82
3.8.3.2.
Proof of illness or injury
82
3.8.3.2.1.
Principle
82
3.8.3.2.2.
Time limit
82
3.8.3.2.3.
Manner
83
3.8.3.2.4.
Statements
83
3.8.3.2.5.
Addressee
84
3.8.3.2.6.
Sanctions
84
3.8.3.3.
Extension of the incapacity for work
84
3.8.4.
Control of incapacity for work
85
3.8.4.1.
General
85
3.8.4.2.
Choice of medical officer
85
3.8.4.3.
Costs of control
87
3.8.4.4.
Location
88
3.8.4.4.1.
First hypothesis: the employee may not leave the house
88
3.8.4.4.2.
Second hypothesis: the employee may leave the house
89
3.8.4.5.
Time of the medical control
90
3.8.4.6.
Contents
90
3.8.4.6.1.
Assessment of the incapacity for work
90
3.8.4.6.2.
Professional confidentiality
90
3.8.4.6.3.
Permitted information
91
3.8.4.7.
Refusal of control by the employee
92
3.8.4.7.1.
Principle
92
3.8.4.7.2.
Other applications
93
3.8.4.8.
Effect on the right to guaranteed pay
93
3.8.5.
Conflict with the attending doctor
94
3.8.5.1.
Equality of conflicting certificates
94
3.8.5.2.
Initiative to solve the dispute
94
3.8.5.3.
Arbitrational procedure
95
3.8.5.3.1.
General
95
3.8.5.3.2.
Appointment of a medical arbitrator
95
3.8.5.3.3.
Special requirements for the medical arbitrator
96
3.8.5.3.4.
Professional confidentiality
96
3.8.5.3.5.
Examination and decision by the medical arbitrator
97
3.8.5.3.6.
Costs
97
3.8.5.3.7.
Interaction with guaranteed wages
97
3.8.5.3.8.
Divergent arbitrational procedure
97
3.8.5.4.
Legal expertise
97
3.8.6.
Protection against dismissal
98
3.8.6.1.
Open-ended employment contract
98
3.8.6.1.1.
Dismissal after more than six months' incapacity for work
98
3.8.6.1.2.
Dismissal before the end of the sixth month of incapacity for work
98
3.8.6.2.
Employment contract for white-collar workers, concluded for a fixed period or for a specified task lasting longer than three months
99
3.8.6.2.1.
Dismissal after more than six months' incapacity for work
99
3.8.6.2.2.
Dismissal before the end of the sixth month of incapacity for work
99
3.8.6.3.
Employment contract for white-collar workers concluded for a fixed period of a specified task lasting less than three months or with a probation clause
100
3.9.
Industrial accident and occupational disease
100
3.9.1.
Concept of `incapacity for work'
100
3.9.2.
Wage guarantee
100
3.9.2.1.
Short-term employment: blue-collar and white-collar workers
100
3.9.2.2.
Long-term white-collar workers
101
3.9.2.3.
Redress
101
3.9.3.
Formalities
101
3.9.4.
Control
102
3.9.5.
Protection against dismissal
102
3.10.
Maternity rights
102
3.10.1.
Leave for pregnancy check-ups
103
3.10.1.1.
Wage guarantee
103
3.10.1.2.
Conditions and formalities
103
3.10.2.
Maternity leave
104
3.10.2.1.
Antenatal rest or pregnancy leave
104
3.10.2.2.
Postnatal rest or maternity leave
104
3.10.2.3.
Extension
105
3.10.2.4.
Staggering of days of leave
105
3.10.2.5.
Paternity leave
106
3.10.3.
Prohibition of or exemption from employment in certain circumstances
106
3.10.3.1.
General
106
3.10.3.2.
Risk assessment
107
3.10.3.3.
Prohibition of exposure to certain risks
107
3.10.3.4.
Night work
107
3.10.3.5.
Overtime
108
3.10.3.6.
Adaptation of work
108
3.10.3.6.1.
In the event of prohibition of exposure to certain risks
108
3.10.3.6.2.
Lifting the obligation of night work
109
3.10.3.6.3.
Obligation of means
109
3.10.3.6.4.
Replacement income
109
3.10.3.6.5.
Suspension
110
3.10.3.6.6.
Reinstatement
110
3.10.3.7.
Intervention by the company doctor
110
3.10.4.
Maternity allowance
110
3.10.4.1.
Formalities
110
3.10.4.2.
Amount
111
3.10.4.2.1.
Pregnancy and maternity leave
111
3.10.4.2.2.
Other periods of maternity protection
111
3.10.4.3.
Allowances during paternity leave
112
3.10.5.
Protection against dismissal
113
3.10.5.1.
Principle
113
3.10.5.2.
Period
113
3.10.5.3.
Sanctions
114
3.10.6.
Right to breastfeeding breaks
114
3.10.6.1.
A `right' to paid breastfeeding breaks
114
3.10.6.2.
Length of the breaks
114
3.10.6.3.
When?
115
3.10.6.4.
Where?
115
3.10.6.5.
Formalities
115
3.10.6.5.1.
Duty to report
115
3.10.6.5.2.
Proof
115
3.10.6.6.
Duration
116
3.10.6.7.
Protection against dismissal
116
3.11.
Adoption leave
117
3.12.
Leave for foster parents
118
3.13.
Preventive custody of the employee
118
3.14.
Serving as lay judge
118
3.15.
Educational leave
119
3.15.1.
Scope
119
3.15.2.
Objective
119
3.15.3.
Conditions
120
3.15.3.1.
A recognized course
120
3.15.3.2.
Formalities
120
3.15.3.2.1.
Application by the employee
121
3.15.3.2.2.
Proof of attendance
121
3.15.3.2.3.
Certificate of re-examination
121
3.15.3.2.4.
Interruption or termination of the course
121
3.15.4.
Duration
122
3.15.5.
Wage guarantee
122
3.15.6.
Planning
122
3.15.7.
Loss of the right to educational leave
123
3.15.8.
Protection against dismissal
123
3.16.
Social advancement
124
3.17.
Career break
124
3.17.1.
Legal basis
124
3.17.2.
Right of the employee
125
3.17.2.1.
Time credit
125
3.17.2.2.
Reduction of career by one fifth
126
3.17.2.3.
Reduction of labour output for employees over fifty
126
3.17.2.4.
No right for employees of small companies
127
3.17.3.
Procedure
128
3.17.3.1.
Manner of application and attestation
128
3.17.3.2.
Manner of exercise
129
3.17.3.3.
Manner of postponement and cancellation
129
3.17.4.
Rules of organization
130
3.17.4.1.
Precedence and planning at enterprise level
130
3.17.4.2.
What, in the absence of precedence and planning mechanisms?
131
3.17.4.3.
Application of the mechanism
131
3.17.5.
Guarantees
132
3.17.5.1.
Reintegration
132
3.17.5.2.
Protection against dismissal
132
3.17.5.2.1.
Principle
132
3.17.5.2.2.
Period
132
3.17.5.2.3.
Sanctions
132
3.17.6.
Specific leaves
133
3.17.6.1.
Palliative care
133
3.17.6.1.1.
Legal framework
133
3.17.6.1.2.
Scope
133
3.17.6.1.3.
Contents
133
3.17.6.1.4.
Duration
133
3.17.6.1.5.
Procedure
134
3.17.6.2.
Assistance to or care of a seriously ill family member or relative
134
3.17.6.2.1.
Legal framework
134
3.17.6.2.2.
Scope
134
3.17.6.2.3.
Contents
135
3.17.6.2.4.
Duration
135
3.17.6.2.5.
Procedure
136
3.17.6.2.6.
Specific rules for small and medium-sized businesses
136
3.17.6.3.
Parental leave
137
3.17.6.3.1.
Legal framework
137
3.17.6.3.2.
Conditions regarding the employee
137
3.17.6.3.3.
Conditions regarding the child
138
3.17.6.3.4.
Contents
138
3.17.6.3.5.
Procedure
139
3.17.6.3.6.
Postponement
139
3.17.6.3.7.
Guarantees
140
3.17.7.
Interruption allowance
141
3.17.8.
Right to part-time work after reduction in working hours
141
3.17.8.1.
Principle
141
3.17.8.2.
Protection against dismissal
141
3.18.
Political leave
142
3.18.1.
Scope
142
3.18.2.
Duration
142
3.18.3.
Guaranteed pay
143
3.18.4.
Protection against dismissal
143
3.18.4.1.
Principle
143
3.18.4.2.
Period
143
3.18.4.3.
Sanctions
144
3.19.
Leave for compelling reasons
144
3.19.1.
Concept
144
3.19.2.
Part-time work
145
3.19.3.
Terms
145
3.20.
Bad weather conditions
145
3.20.1.
Conditions
146
3.20.2.
Wage guarantee
146
3.20.3.
Notification
146
3.20.4.
Notice
147
3.21.
Technical malfunction
147
3.21.1.
Conditions
147
3.21.2.
Wage guarantee
147
3.21.3.
Notification
148
3.22.
Economic reasons
149
3.22.1.
Procedure
149
3.22.1.1.
Conventional arrangement
149
3.22.1.2.
Supplementary arrangement
149
3.22.1.3.
Joint provisions
150
3.22.2.
Wage guarantee
151
3.22.3.
Resignation
151
3.22.4.
Prohibition of employment
151
IV.
DISMISSAL AND RESIGNATION
153
ch. 1
Termination of the employment contract
153
1.1.
Manners of termination in accordance with civil law
153
1.1.1.
Dissolution of the employment contract
154
1.1.1.1.
Forms
154
1.1.1.2.
Resolutory term
154
1.1.1.3.
Judicial dissolution because of inadequate performance
154
1.1.1.4.
Express avoidance clause
155
1.1.1.4.1.
Ordinary express avoidance clause
156
1.1.1.4.2.
Express avoidance clause ipso jure
156
1.1.1.5.
The resolutory condition
156
1.1.2.
Termination of the employment contract by mutual consent
157
1.1.3.
Force majeure
158
1.1.3.1.
Principle
158
1.1.3.2.
Incapacity for work
158
1.1.4.
Nullity of the employment contract
159
1.2.
End of the contract by expiry of the term or completion of the agreed work
160
1.3.
Death of one of the parties
160
1.4.
Termination by notice
161
1.4.1.
Concepts
161
1.4.2.
Notice of termination
161
1.4.2.1.
Formal requirements
161
1.4.2.1.1.
Documents
162
1.4.2.1.2.
Terms
162
1.4.2.1.3.
Manual delivery
162
1.4.2.1.4.
Registered letter
163
1.4.2.1.5.
Writ
163
1.4.2.1.6.
Language
163
1.4.2.1.7.
Contents
164
1.4.2.1.7.1.
Obligatory statements
164
1.4.2.1.7.2.
Reason for the dismissal/resignation
165
1.4.2.2.
Nature and consequences of the notice of termination
165
1.4.2.3.
Moment
165
1.4.2.4.
Nullity of notice of termination
166
1.4.3.
Period of notice
166
1.4.3.1.
Starting date
166
1.4.3.1.1.
Blue-collar workers
166
1.4.3.1.2.
White-collar workers
166
1.4.3.2.
Duration
167
1.4.3.2.1.
Blue-collar workers
167
1.4.3.2.2.
White-collar workers
168
1.4.3.2.3.
Annual income under or equal to 30,322
168
1.4.3.2.4.
Annual income higher than 30,322
169
1.4.3.2.5.
Annual income higher than 60,645
169
1.4.3.2.6.
Special periods of notice when approaching the retirement age
169
1.4.3.3.
Periods of notice for higher white-collar workers
170
1.4.3.3.1.
Principle
170
1.4.3.3.2.
Formulas and salary scales
170
1.4.3.3.3.
Example: Claeys formula
171
1.4.3.3.4.
Validity of deviating terms of notice
171
1.4.3.4.
Counter-notice
172
1.4.3.5.
Interaction with the suspension of the employment contract
173
1.4.3.6.
Rights and duties during the period of notice
174
1.4.3.6.1.
General
174
1.4.3.6.2.
Right to leave of absence to look for a new job
174
1.4.4.
Compensation in lieu of notice
176
1.4.4.1.
Calculation
176
1.4.4.2.
Payment
177
1.4.5.
Compensation in lieu of notice in the case of a fixed-term employment contract or an employment contract for a specified task
177
1.5.
Dismissal for just cause
178
1.5.1.
Concept
178
1.5.2.
Evidence
179
1.5.3.
Assessment
179
1.5.4.
Procedure
180
1.5.4.1.
Term
180
1.5.4.2.
Authorized person
181
1.5.4.3.
Formal requirements
181
1.5.5.
Notification of the `just cause'
182
1.5.5.1.
Formal requirements
182
1.5.5.2.
Contents
182
1.5.5.3.
Language
183
1.5.6.
Sanctions
183
1.6.
Unilateral and substantial modification of an essential working condition
183
1.6.1.
Essential working condition
184
1.6.2.
Possibilities for the employee
185
1.7.
Arbitrary dismissal
186
1.7.1.
Concept and setting of the arrangement concerning arbitrary dismissal
186
1.7.2.
Constitutive elements
186
1.7.3.
Burden of proof
187
1.7.4.
Compensation because of arbitrary dismissal
187
1.7.5.
Context of the misuse of the right of dismissal
188
1.7.6.
Concept
188
1.7.7.
Evidence
188
1.7.8.
Sanctions because of misuse of the right of dismissal
188
1.8.
Special dismissal procedures
189
1.9.
Documents
189
1.10.
Outplacement
190
1.11.
The competition clause
190
1.11.1.
The competition clause for blue-collar workers
191
1.11.1.1.
Formal requirements
191
1.11.1.2.
The possibility to include a competition clause in an employment contract depends on the employee's annual income
191
1.11.1.2.1.
Gross earnings under 30,322
191
1.11.1.2.2.
Gross earnings over 30,322 and under 60,645
191
1.11.1.2.3.
Gross earnings over 60,645
192
1.11.1.3.
Validity requirements regarding the clause
192
1.11.1.3.1.
Effectiveness limited in time and space
192
1.11.1.3.2.
The competition clause must relate to similar activities
192
1.11.1.3.3.
The clause must provide for a once-only lump-sum compensation
192
1.11.1.4.
The effectiveness of the competition clause
193
1.11.1.4.1.
Cases in which the competition clause does not take effect
193
1.11.1.4.2.
The worker is subjected to the competition clause
193
1.11.1.4.3.
Violation of the competition clause
193
1.11.1.5.
Sanction when one of the validity requirements is not observed
193
1.11.2.
The competition clause for white-collar workers
194
1.11.2.1.
The legal clause
194
1.11.2.2.
The derogation clause
194
1.11.2.2.1.
Enterprises for which a derogation is possible
194
1.11.2.2.2.
Elements of the legal system that may be deviated from
194
1.11.2.2.3.
The structures and conditions of the derogation clause
195
1.11.3.
The competition clause in the employment contract for sales representatives
195
1.11.4.
Conclusion
195
1.12.
The arbitration clause
196
1.13.
The training clause
196
1.14.
Limitation of the employment contract actions
198
1.14.1.
Legal actions ex contractu
198
1.14.2.
Legal actions ex delicto
199
ch. 2
Restructuring of enterprises
199
2.1.
Collective dismissal
199
2.1.1.
Curatively
200
2.1.2.
Preventively
201
2.2.
Closure of the enterprise
202
2.3.
Transfer of enterprise
204
2.3.1.
Introduction
204
2.3.2.
Concept of `transfer of enterprise'
205
2.3.3.
Preservation of rights and duties
205
2.4.
Take-over purchase of assets after bankruptcy
207
2.4.1.
Introduction
207
2.4.2.
Scope
207
2.4.3.
Fewer rights for employees
208
2.4.4.
Transitional benefits after liquidation
208
2.5.
Information for employees
209
2.6.
Early retirement
209
2.7.
Activation policy in the case of restructurings
211
V.
SPECIAL AND DEVIATING TYPES OF EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
213
ch. 1
Employment contracts within the law of 3 July 1978
213
1.1.
The employment contract for sales representatives
213
1.1.1.
Who is a sales representative?
213
1.1.2.
The sales representative's wages
214
1.1.2.1.
Commission: concept and basis for calculations
214
1.1.2.2.
The right to commission
215
1.1.2.2.1.
During the implementation of the contract
215
1.1.2.2.2.
During the suspension or after the termination of the contract
215
1.1.2.3.
Payment of the commission
216
1.1.2.3.1.
During the implementation and suspension of the contract
216
1.1.2.3.2.
After the termination of the contract
216
1.1.3.
Goodwill indemnity
217
1.1.4.
The competition clause
218
1.1.5.
The Delcredere clause
218
1.2.
The employment contract for domestic servants
219
1.3.
The employment contract for students
219
1.3.1.
Who is a student?
219
1.3.2.
Formal requirements and compulsory statements
220
The document
220
1.3.3.
The probation clause
221
1.3.4.
Suspension of the employment contract because of incapacity
221
1.3.5.
Termination by giving notice
222
1.4.
The employment contract for home workers
222
1.4.1.
What is home work?
223
1.4.2.
The Employment Contract Act as residuary legislation
223
1.4.3.
Formal requirements and compulsory statements
223
1.4.4.
The employers' obligations
224
1.4.5.
Suspension of the contract
224
1.4.6.
Home workers' right of precedence
225
ch. 2
Special employment contracts
225
2.1.
Temporary work, temporary agency work and hiring out
225
2.1.1.
Temporary work
226
2.1.2.
Temporary agency work
226
2.1.3.
Hiring out employees
228
2.2.
The contract for teleworkers
229
2.2.1.
Definition and scope
229
2.2.2.
The contract
229
2.2.3.
Working conditions
230
2.2.4.
Organization of the telework
230
2.2.5.
Equipment and defects
230
2.2.6.
Data protection
231
2.2.7.
Safety and health
231
2.2.8.
Training
231
2.3.
Miscellaneous
232
Postscriptum: The Credit Crisis And Labour Law
233
General Bibliography
235