The internationalisation of criminal evidence : beyond the common law and civil law traditions / John D. Jackson, Sarah J. Summers.
2012
K5465 .J33 2012 (Map It)
Available at Cellar
Formats
| Format | |
|---|---|
| BibTeX | |
| MARCXML | |
| TextMARC | |
| MARC | |
| DublinCore | |
| EndNote | |
| NLM | |
| RefWorks | |
| RIS |
Items
Details
Author
Title
The internationalisation of criminal evidence : beyond the common law and civil law traditions / John D. Jackson, Sarah J. Summers.
Published
Cambridge, UK : New York : Cambridge University Press, 2012.
Call Number
K5465 .J33 2012
ISBN
9781107018655 (hbk.)
110701865X (hbk.)
9780521688475 (pbk.)
0521688477 (pbk.)
110701865X (hbk.)
9780521688475 (pbk.)
0521688477 (pbk.)
Description
xxxv, 405 pages ; 26 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)755004307
Summary
"Although there are many texts on the law of evidence, surprisingly few are devoted specifically to the comparative and international aspects of the subject. The traditional view that the law of evidence belongs within the common law tradition has obscured the reality that a genuinely cosmopolitan law of evidence is being developed in criminal cases across the common law and civil law traditions. By considering the extent to which a coherent body of common evidentiary standards is being developed in both domestic and international jurisprudence, John Jackson and Sarah Summers chart this development with particular reference to the jurisprudence on the right to a fair trial that has emerged from the European Court of Human Rights and to the attempts in the new international criminal tribunals to fashion agreed approaches towards the regulation of evidence"-- Provided by publisher.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Series
Record Appears in
Added Author
Table of Contents
Foreword
xiv
Preface and acknowledgements
xvi
Abbreviations
xix
Table of international cases
xxii
pt. I
Evidentiary contexts
1
1.
Evidence across traditions
3
1.1.
Introduction: the convergence debate
3
1.2.
Comparative evidence scholarship
9
1.3.
The rationalist tradition and the rights tradition
14
1.4.
Towards shared evidentiary principles
19
1.5.
Beyond the common and civil law traditions
27
2.
The common law tradition
30
2.1.
Introduction: free proof and the common law
30
2.2.
Common law conceptions of the law of evidence
34
2.3.
Evidence law adrift?
38
2.4.
Challenges to free proof
40
2.4.1.
The epistemic challenge
41
2.4.2.
The scientific challenge
45
2.4.3.
The constitutional challenge
50
2.5.
Conclusion
55
3.
Evidential traditions in continental European jurisdictions
57
3.1.
Introduction
57
3.2.
The development of criminal evidence law and the movement towards `freedom of proof'
58
3.3.
The importance of the nineteenth-century procedural reforms
66
3.4.
Freedom of proof and restrictions on the doctrine in modern evidence law
69
3.5.
Excluding or prohibiting the use of evidence
72
3.6.
Recent developments in evidence law
74
3.7.
Conclusion
76
4.
The international human rights context
77
4.1.
Introduction
77
4.2.
The evolution of evidentiary human rights norms
79
4.2.1.
The right to a fair trial
79
4.2.2.
The equality of arms principle
83
4.2.3.
The right to an adversarial trial
86
4.3.
The process of proof and the regulation of the investigation/pre-trial phase
95
4.3.1.
Defence rights and the importance of the procedural environment
97
4.3.2.
Potential for pre-trial activities to impinge on defence rights
99
4.4.
Towards convergence or realignment?
101
4.5.
Conclusion
106
5.
Evidence in the international criminal tribunals
108
5.1.
Towards an international system of justice
108
5.2.
Problems of legitimacy
110
5.2.1.
Function and purpose of international criminal trials
111
5.2.2.
The evidentiary context
112
5.2.3.
Reaching agreed rules of procedure and evidence
115
5.3.
Common law foundations
116
5.4.
The ad hoc tribunals
119
5.5.
Rubbing points between the common law and the civil law
124
5.6.
The need for realignment
131
5.6.1.
The right to equality of arms
133
5.6.2.
The right to an adversarial trial
136
5.7.
Towards the future and the International Criminal Court
140
5.8.
Conclusion
145
pt. II
Evidentiary rights
149
6.
Fair trials and the use of improperly obtained evidence
151
6.1.
Introduction
151
6.2.
Theories explaining the exclusion of improperly obtained evidence
153
6.3.
Evidence obtained by way of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment
158
6.3.1.
Evidence obtained by way of torture
160
6.3.2.
Evidence obtained by way of inhuman or degrading treatment
163
6.3.3.
Fairness and evidence obtained by recourse to torture or ill-treatment
166
6.4.
Deception, coercion, traps and tricks
169
6.4.1.
Wiretapping and covert surveillance
171
6.4.2.
De facto `interrogation' of suspects in custody
175
6.4.3.
De facto `questioning' of suspects not in custody
179
6.4.4.
Fairness and the use of evidence obtained by deception and coercion
181
6.5.
Entrapment
188
6.6.
Fruit of the poisonous tree
191
6.7.
Conclusion: improperly obtained evidence, fairness and the under-regulated pre-trial/investigative process
194
7.
The presumption of innocence
199
7.1.
Introduction
199
7.2.
The meaning of the presumption of innocence
200
7.2.1.
The presumption as an evidentiary protection
200
7.2.2.
Treating defendants as innocent
205
7.2.3.
Substantive innocence
208
7.3.
The presumption of innocence and the rationalist tradition
211
7.4.
The presumption and fair trial standards
215
7.5.
The scope of the presumption of innocence under human rights law
217
7.6.
Reversal of the burden of proof
221
7.7.
Avoiding prejudice
228
7.7.1.
An independent and impartial tribunal
229
7.7.2.
Participatory rights
233
7.7.3.
The right to a reasoned judgment
237
7.8.
Conclusion
239
8.
Silence and the privilege against self-incrimination
241
8.1.
The historical and transnational importance of the right of silence
241
8.2.
The scope of the privilege in international law
246
8.2.1.
The international instruments
246
8.2.2.
Funke v. France
248
8.2.3.
Charged with a criminal offence
250
8.2.4.
Incrimination
251
8.2.5.
Compulsion
252
8.2.6.
Defiance of the will of the suspect
253
8.3.
Exception to the rights against self-incrimination and of silence
256
8.3.1.
The public interest
256
8.3.2.
Other factors
258
8.3.3.
Inferences from silence
260
8.4.
Rationale of the privilege and the right of silence
266
8.5.
The right of silence as a necessary condition for active defence participation
273
8.6.
Incorporating fair trials standards from the point of being called to account
277
8.7.
Conclusion
283
9.
Defence participation
285
9.1.
Introduction: legal representation and self-representation
285
9.2.
The right to effective legal assistance
289
9.2.1.
Early legal assistance
289
9.2.2.
Communication with counsel
289
9.2.3.
Right to private communication and legal professional privilege
291
9.2.4.
Balancing away the privilege
293
9.3.
The right to full disclosure of evidence
295
9.3.1.
The case against the accused
295
9.3.2.
The scope of the right to disclosure: Jespers and Edwards
297
9.3.3.
Uncertainties as to scope
301
9.3.4.
An absolute right?
304
9.4.
Common law shortcomings
307
9.5.
Beyond disclosure: access to evidence outside the possession of the prosecution
310
9.5.1.
Defence investigations
310
9.5.2.
Application to the court
312
9.6.
Public interest immunity
316
9.6.1.
The principle of judicial scrutiny
317
9.6.2.
Adversarial argument
319
9.7.
Conclusion
323
10.
Challenging witness evidence
325
10.1.
Introduction
325
10.2.
Justifying the right to challenge incriminatory witness evidence
327
10.3.
The regulation of the right to challenge witness evidence: the human rights perspective
334
10.3.1.
The importance of the witness evidence: the sole or decisive test
338
10.3.2.
An adequate and proper opportunity to challenge the witness
342
10.3.2.1.
The significance of the procedural environment: principal versus preliminary proceedings
342
10.3.2.2.
The circumstances of witness hearing: the importance of an impartial judge and the right to counsel
345
10.3.2.3.
Obligation to organise the witness examination hearing
349
10.3.2.4.
Restrictions on the defence's opportunity to challenge the witness
351
10.3.2.5.
The substantive sufficiency of the opportunity to challenge the witness
356
10.3.3.
Defence obligations, waiver and forfeiture
359
10.3.4.
Challenging expert witnesses
361
10.4.
Conclusion
362
11.
Towards a theory of evidentiary defence rights
367
11.1.
Beyond tradition
367
11.2.
Prospects for evidentiary defence rights
371
11.3.
Victims' rights and participation
372
11.4.
State security and terrorism
380
11.5.
Cost and expedition
384
11.6.
Legal culture and tradition
387
Index
392