Cases, materials and text on national, supranational and international property law / editors, Sjef van Erp, Bram Akkermans.
2012
KJE1251 .E772 2012 (Map It)
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Title
Cases, materials and text on national, supranational and international property law / editors, Sjef van Erp, Bram Akkermans.
Published
Oxford ; Portland, Or. : Hart Pub., 2012.
Call Number
KJE1251 .E772 2012
ISBN
9781841137506
1841137502
1841137502
Description
lxxxii, 1,170 pages ; 25 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)806881009
Record Appears in
Added Author
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
vi
Preface
vii
Country codes
xxix
Table of cases
xxxi
Table of legislation
xlix
Introduction Essential Directions on Using the Casebook
1
I.
The content and structure of the casebook
2
II.
Legal systems in general
3
II.A.
Sources of law
4
II.A.1.
Civil law
4
II.A.1.a.
Source: different forms of legislation
4
II.A.1.b.
Source: court decisions
7
II.A.1.c.
Source: customary law
8
II.A.1.d.
Source: doctrine
8
II.A.1.e.
Hierarchy of sources of law
8
II.A.2.
Common law
9
II.A.2.a.
Common law and equity
9
II.A.2.b.
Source: case law and the rule of precedent
9
II.A.2.c.
Source: legislation
10
II.A.2.d.
Source: academic commentary
10
II.A.2.e.
Hierarchy of sources
10
II.B.
Types of case law
10
II.B.1.
French law
11
II.B.2.
German law
17
II.B.3.
Dutch law
29
II.B.4.
The law of England and Wales
29
II.B.5.
The role of international courts
30
II.C.
Property law
31
II.C.1.
France
32
II.C.2.
Germany
34
II.C.3.
The Netherlands
35
II.C.4.
England and Wales
36
ch. One
General Issues: Setting the Scene
37
I.
Introductory remarks
37
I.A.
What is `property' law?
39
I.A.1.
Classic approaches
39
I.A.2.
Modern approaches
43
I.B.
Terminology and the use of English
46
I.C.
The nature of property rights
51
II.
Importance of understanding the history of property law
53
II.A.
The French Revolution
58
II.B.
Abolishing the feudal system does not always mean abolishing feudal concepts
59
II.C.
A fragmented or a unified system of property law?
64
III.
Numerus clausus
65
III.A.
Numerus clausus in theory
65
III.B.
Limitations on party autonomy
67
III.B.1.
Typenzwang
68
III.B.2.
Typenfixierung
69
III.C.
Legal provisions on numerus clausus
72
III.D.
Is the list of property rights really closed?
73
IV.
Transparency: specificity and publicity
75
V.
Ground rules
92
Concise bibliography
94
ch. Two
The Protection of Property Rights
97
I.
Civil law
99
I.A.
Possession and possessory claims
99
I.A.1.
Possession
99
I.A.1.a.
France
99
I.A.1.b.
Germany
101
I.A.1.c.
Austria
105
I.A.2.
Protection of possession
107
I.A.2.a.
France
107
I.A.2.b.
Germany
115
(i).
Self-help
115
(ii).
Possessory actions
119
(iii).
Claim for restoration of possession
125
(iv).
Protection in tort and unjust enrichment
126
I.A.2.c.
Austria
128
(i).
Possessory protection
128
(ii).
Actio Publiciana
129
I.B.
Protection of ownership
131
I.B.1.
France
131
I.B.1.a.
Immovable objects
132
(i).
Right to removal
132
(ii).
Proof of ownership
134
(iii).
Troubles de voisinage (neighbour law)
139
I.B.1.b.
Movable objects
142
I.B.2.
Germany
143
I.B.2.a.
Assertion of ownership (rei vindicatio)
143
I.B.2.b.
Injunction (actio negatoria) and right to removal
148
(i).
Definition of interference
149
(ii).
Definition of interferer
155
I.B.3.
Austria
160
II.
Common law
161
II.A.
Land
162
II.A.1.
Dispossession
162
II.A.2.
Other interference
168
II.A.2.a.
Trespass to land
168
II.A.2.b.
Nuisance
174
II.B.
Goods
193
II.B.1.
Trespass
198
II.B.2.
Conversion
199
III.
Comparative overview
206
III.A.
Civil law and common law: the fundamental difference
206
III.B.
Protection of property rights in civil law
206
III.B.1.
Possession
206
III.B.2.
Ownership
207
III.C.
The protection of property rights in English law
208
Concise bibliography
209
ch. Three
Types of Property Rights---Immovables and Movables (Goods)
211
I.
Civil law
212
I.A.
Ownership
213
I.A.1.
Legislation on ownership
215
I.A.2.
`Most comprehensive' nature of the right of ownership
219
I.A.3.
Unitary nature
224
I.A.4.
Limitations on the rights of the owner
226
I.A.4.a.
Limitations by law
227
I.A.4.b.
Limitations by contract
230
I.A.4.c.
Limitations in neighbour law
233
I.A.5.
Co-ownership
239
I.A.6.
Security ownership
243
I.B.
Real servitudes
243
I.B.1.
Rules common to French, German and Dutch law
244
I.B.2.
French law: legal servitudes
249
I.C.
Personal servitudes
253
I.C.1.
Usufruct
253
I.C.2.
Quasi-usufruct
261
I.C.3.
Use and habitation
262
I.C.4.
Germany: limited personal servitudes
264
(i).
Regular servitudes
264
(ii).
Security servitudes
267
I.C.5.
German law: real burdens
270
I.D.
Emphyteusis
273
I.D.1.
General rules common to French and Dutch law
273
I.D.2.
Ownership of constructions made by the holder of an Emphyteusis
275
I.D.3.
Payment of a sum of money for an Emphyteusis and the right in practice
277
I.D.4.
French law: the construction lease
278
I.E.
Superficies
280
I.E.1.
Rules common to French, German and Dutch law
280
I.E.2.
Content of the right of superficies
282
I.F.
Apartment rights
285
I.F.1.
French law
285
I.F.2.
German law
287
I.F.3.
Dutch law
289
I.F.4.
A comparison of German, Dutch and French law
291
I.G.
German law: options to purchase
292
I.H.
French law in reform: special property right to use
293
I.I.
Security rights: hypothec
294
I.J.
Borderline cases
294
I.J.1.
Dutch law: `qualitative duties'
294
I.J.2.
Lease of assets
298
I.J.2.a.
French and German law
298
I.J.2.b.
Dutch law
299
I.J.3.
German law: acquisition rights (Anwartschaftsrechte)
299
II.
Common law
302
II.A.
Land
302
II.A.1.
A numerus clausus of property rights in land at common law
302
II.A.2.
Estates in land not `ownership'
306
II.A.3.
Possession as a root of title
307
II.A.4.
Estates inland
309
II.A.5.
Leases of land
315
II.A.6.
Easements
319
II.A.7.
Profits a prendre
329
II.A.8.
Rentcharges
331
II.A.9.
Restrictive covenants
331
II.A.10.
Estate contracts
338
II.A.11.
Options to purchase
342
II.A.12.
Equities of redemption
345
II.A.13.
Legal and equitable charges
345
II.A.14.
Licences over land: a borderline case
345
II.B.
Goods
346
II.B.1.
Introduction
346
II.B.1.a.
No doctrine of estates for chattels
346
II.B.1.b.
No concept of `ownership' of chattels
347
II.B.2.
Title
348
II.B.3.
Limited doctrine of life estates in testamentary dispositions
348
II.B.4.
Power to rescind contract of sale and revest title
351
II.B.5.
Servitudes over goods
355
II.B.6.
Leases of goods
357
II.B.7.
Security rights over goods
361
III.
Comparative overview
361
III.A.
Legacy of feudalism
362
III.B.
No concept of ownership in English law
362
III.C.
Debt to Roman law
362
III.D.
The numerus clausus principle
363
III.E.
A dislike of positive burdens
363
III.F.
No servitudes in gross
363
III.G.
Status of lease in different systems
363
Concise bibliography
364
ch. Four
Property Rights in Respect of Claims
365
I.
General introduction
365
I.A.
The notion of `claim'
367
I.B.
Claims as objects of property law?
369
I.C.
Further delimitation of the content of this chapter: `incorporeal claims'
375
I.D.
Claims as an object of property law? Different approaches
377
II.
`Ownership' of claims
378
II.A.
Ownership of incorporeal objects?
379
II.A.1.
French law
379
II.A.2.
German law
379
II.A.3.
Austrian law
380
II.A.4.
Dutch law
382
II.A.5.
English law
382
II.A.6.
Comparative remarks
384
II.B.
Acquisition of (the ownership of) claims
385
II.B.1.
Transposition of the principles on the acquision of ownership of corporeal objects?
385
II.B.2.
Assignment of claims
387
II.B.2.a.
General principles
387
(iii).
Belgian law
391
(iv).
Dutch law
392
(v).
English law
394
(vi).
Comparative remarks
396
II.B.2.b.
Priority in case of one or more subsequent assignments
396
II.B.2.c.
Contractual prohibition of assignment of claims (pactum de non cedendo)
403
(i).
German law
403
(ii).
French law
405
(iii).
Belgian law
408
(iv).
Dutch law
410
(v).
English law
411
(vi).
Comparative remarks
414
III.
Right of usufruct in respect to claims
415
III.A.
General statutory provisions on usufruct of claims
416
III.B.
Right to collect the claim: French and Belgian law
417
III.C.
Right to collect the claim: German law
420
III.D.
Right to collect the claim: Dutch law
421
IV.
Security interests in claims
422
V.
Comparative overview
422
V.A.
Property law and claims
422
V.B.
A special type of object
423
V.C.
A special type of property right in respect to it
423
Concise bibliography
423
ch. Five
Security Interests
425
I.
Types of security rights
426
II.
Common features of security rights
431
II.A.
Accessory nature of the security interests
431
II.B.
Specificity of the secured claim
434
II.C.
Prohibition of unjustified enrichment
436
II.D.
Publicity of property security rights/reputed ownership in decline
439
II.E.
Disproportionate security rights
440
III.
Right of pledge
444
III.A.
Right of pledge of corporeal movable assets
444
III.A.1.
Nature of the right of pledge
444
III.A.2.
Dispossession of the pledgor
446
III.A.3.
Realisation of the pledge
450
III.A.4.
Fixed charge-floating charge
454
II.A.4.a.
French law
454
III.A.4.b.
Belgian law
457
III.A.4.c.
Dutch law
458
III.A.4.d.
German law
460
III.A.4.e.
English law
462
III.B.
Right of pledge in respect of claims
465
IV.
The right of ownership as security instrument
472
IV.A.
Retention of title
472
IV.A.1.
Basic legislation on reservation of ownership
472
IV.A.2.
Reservation of title as an accessory right?
477
IV.A.3.
Claims which can be secured by a retention of title
480
IV.A.4.
Position of the purchaser under title retention
484
IV.A.5.
Resale of the Assets under Retention of title
484
IV.A.5.a.
Power of the buyer to resell the goods
485
IV.A.5.b.
Rights of the original seller to the proceeds of the resale
488
IV.A.6.
Manufacturing of the assets under retention of title
499
IV.B.
Transfer of ownership for security purposes
505
IV.B.1.
French law
505
IV.B.2.
Belgian law
509
IV.B.3.
German law
511
IV.B.4.
Dutch law
513
IV.B.5.
English law: the mortgage
516
IV.B.6.
Comparative remarks
518
V.
Right of retention/lien
519
V.A.
German law
523
V.B.
Dutch law
524
V.C.
Common law hen
526
V.D.
Comparative notes
531
VI.
Security rights in immovable assets
532
VI.A.
Definition of a right of hypothec---comparison with the (English) mortgage
532
VI.B.
Main features of a hypothec
535
VI.B.1.
Immovable nature of a hypothec
535
VI.B.2.
Formal nature of a hypothec
536
VI.B.3.
Accessory nature of a hypothec
538
VI.B.3.a.
Semi-exception: rechargeable hypothec (hypotheque rechargeable) in French law
539
VI.B.3.b.
Full exception: security land charge (Sicherungsgrundschuld) in German law
541
VI.C.
Priority ranking of rights of hypothec
543
VI.D.
Realisation of a right of hypothec
545
VI.D.1.
French law
545
VI.D.2.
German law
547
VI.D.3.
Dutch law
547
VI.D.4.
English law
548
Concise bibliography
551
ch. Six
Management: Trust, Treuhand and Fiducie
553
I.
General overview
554
I.A.
The common law trust
554
I.B.
The fiduziarische Treuhand
561
I.B.1.
Nature and scope of the fiduziarische Treuhand
563
I.B.2.
Parties to the Treuhand
566
I.B.3.
The subject-matter of the Treuhand (the Treugut)
566
I.B.4.
Formality requirements and registration of the Treuhand
568
I.C.
The fiducie
571
I.C.1.
Nature, scope and validity of the fiducie
572
I.C.2.
Parties to the fiducie
575
I.C.3.
Form and content of the fiducie
577
I.C.4.
Registration
578
I.C.5.
Modification, revocation and termination of the fiducie
579
II.
Misappropriation of assets by the manager
580
II.A.
English law
580
II.B.
German law
580
II.C.
French law
588
III.
The death of the manager
589
III.A.
English law
589
III.B.
German law
590
III.C.
French law
591
IV.
Insolvency of the manager (including cases where personal creditors of the manager try to seize the fund he is managing)
592
IV.A.
English law
592
IV.B.
German law
596
IV.C.
French law
600
V.
Insolvency of the settlor, Treugeber and constituant, including cases where his personal creditors try to seize the fund
601
V.A.
English law
601
V.B.
German law
605
V.C.
French law
610
VI.
Comparative overview
611
VI.A.
Communalities and differences in relation to the proprietary aspects investigated
612
VI.A.1.
Misappropriation of assets by the manager
613
VI.A.2.
Death of the manager, settlor, Treugeber or constituant
613
VI.A.3.
Insolvency of the manager or attacks by personal creditors
614
VI.A.4.
Insolvency of the transferor or attacks by his personal creditors
614
Concise bibliography
614
ch. Seven
Creation
617
I.
Accession
618
I.A.
Accession of movables to land
618
I.A.1.
Dutch law
620
I.A.2.
German law
626
I.A.3.
English law
638
I.A.4.
French law
651
I.A.5.
Comparative overview
659
I.B.
Right of removal
660
I.C.
Accession of movables to movables
664
II.
Commingling
671
II.A.
Dutch law
671
II.B.
German law
673
II.C.
English law
675
II.D.
French law
678
III.
Specificatio
679
III.A.
Dutch law
680
III.B.
German law
682
III.C.
English law
688
III.D.
French law
690
III.E.
The borderline between specificatio and fruits
697
IV.
Acquisitive prescription
702
IV.A.
Acquisition of ownership by prescription
702
IV.A.1.
French law
703
IV.A.1.a.
The general provision on prescription
703
IV.A.1.b.
The prescription periods
706
IV.A.1.c.
The requirement of possession
706
IV.A.1.d.
Special requirements for the ten-year prescription period
709
(i).
Requirement of good faith
709
(ii).
Requirement of a legal ground
711
(iii).
Additional requirements for acquisitive prescription
713
(iv).
Peaceful possession
713
(v).
Publicly visible possession
714
(vi).
Unequivocal possession
715
(vii).
Permission
718
(viii).
Succession of the predecessor's possession
723
IV.A.2.
Dutch law
725
IV.A.2.a.
Prescription periods
725
IV.A.2.b.
Possession
725
IV.A.2.c.
Good faith
726
IV.A.2.d.
Unequivocal possession
730
IV.A.2.e.
Permission
731
IV.A.3.
German law
732
IV.A.4.
English law
734
IV.B.
Acquisition of a servitude by prescription
745
IV.B.1.
French law
745
IV.B.1.a.
Possession
745
IV.B.1.b.
Visibility and permanence
746
IV.B.1.c.
Unequivocal possession
749
IV.B.1.d.
No prescription beyond your possession
750
IV.B.1.e.
No possession in the case of permission or tolerance
750
IV.B.1.f.
Compulsory right of way (enclave)
752
IV.B.2.
Dutch law
753
IV.B.2.a.
The ten-year period and the difficult requirement of good faith
753
IV.B.2.b.
The twenty-year period of Article 3:105 BW
754
IV.B.2.c.
Possession of a servitude
754
(i).
Recognisability
754
(ii).
Visibility and permanence
755
IV.B.2.d.
Unequivocal possession
759
IV.B.2.e.
No possession in the case of permission or tolerance
759
IV.B.2.f.
The consequence of permission (other than toleration)
761
IV.B.2.g.
Compulsory right of way
762
IV.B.3.
German law
763
IV.B.4.
English law
763
IV.B.4.b.
Continuous use
770
IV.B.4.b.
Tantum praescriptum quantum possessum
774
IV.B.4.c.
Easement of necessity and other implied easements
774
Concise bibliography
782
ch. Eight
Transfer
783
General introduction
783
I.
Transfer Systems
784
I.A.
Payment of money: transfer?
784
I.B.
The first dividing line: the tradition system and the consensual system
787
I.B.1.
Introduction
787
I.B.2.
French law
788
I.B.3.
English law
789
I.B.4.
Dutch law
795
I.B.5.
German law
797
I.B.6.
Austrian law
798
I.C.
Exceptions to the consensual transfer system
799
I.C.1.
Generic goods
799
I.C.2.
Sale ex bulk under the Sale of Goods Act
803
I.C.3.
Goods that have yet to be manufactured
808
I.C.4.
Rejection of defective goods
811
I.D.
Transfer of possession: traditio vera and traditio ficta
813
I.D.1.
Traditio symbolica
814
I.D.2.
Traditio brevi manu
817
I.D.3.
Constitutum possessorium (attornment of transferor to transferee)
818
I.D.4.
Attainment by a third party in possession
821
I.E.
The second dividing line: abstract and causal transfer systems
823
I.E.1.
French law
823
I.E.2.
English law
825
I.F.2.a.
Illegal contracts
829
I.E.3.
The abstract German and the causal Dutch and Austrian transfer system
830
I.E.4.
Practical differences between causal and abstract transfer systems
835
I.E.5.
Mitigation of the abstract system in German law
837
I.E.6.
English law: transfers outside Sale of Goods Act
843
I.F.
Comparative overview
844
II.
Transfer of property rights in land and land register
844
II.A.
Germany and Austria
845
II.A.1.
The transfer of property rights in land
845
II.A.1.a.
Germany
845
II.A.1.b.
Austria
853
II.A.2.
The land register
855
II.A.2.a.
Organisation and structure of the land register
855
II.A.2.b.
Competent authority and legal review
859
II.A.2.c.
Registration procedure
860
II.A.2.d.
Publicity of the land register
863
II.A.2.e.
Registrable rights and interests
866
II.A.2.f.
Effects of registration
868
(i).
Effect between the parties
868
(ii).
Third party effect
868
II.A.2.g.
The priority notice (Vormerkung)
870
II.B.
English law
871
II.B.1.
The transfer of property rights in land
871
II.B.2.
The land register
872
III.2.a.
Organisation and structure of the land register
873
II.B.2.b.
Competent authority and legal review
874
II.B.2.b.
Registration procedure
876
(i).
First registration and registered dispositions
876
(ii).
Registration procedure
877
II.B.3.
Publicity of the land register
877
II.B.3.a.
Registrable rights and interests
878
II.B.3.b.
Effect of registration---first registration
881
II.B.3.c.
Effect of registration---registered land
883
(i).
Conclusiveness of the register
883
(ii).
Priority
887
(iii).
Alteration
889
(iv).
Indemnification
890
II.C.
French law
891
II.C.1.
Transfer of property rights in land
891
II.C.2.
The land register
892
II.C.2.a.
Organisation and structure of the land register
892
II.C.2.b.
Registration procedure, competent authority and legal review
893
II.C.2.c.
Publicity of the land register
898
II.C.2.d.
Registrable rights and interests
898
II.C.2.e.
Effect of registration
900
III.
Creation of limited property rights
902
III.A.
Content of limited property rights
902
III.B.
Creation of limited property rights
904
III.B.1.
French law
904
III.B.2.
Dutch law
904
III.B.3.
German law
905
III.B.4.
Austrian law
905
IV.
Comparative overview
906
IV.A.
Transfer of property rights in land
906
IV.B.
The land register
907
IV.B.1.
Organisation and structure of the land register
907
IV.B.2.
Competent authority, legal review and registration procedure
908
IV.B.3.
Publicity of the land register
908
IV.B.4.
Effects of registration
908
Concise bibliography
909
ch. Nine
Destruction
911
I.
Introduction
911
II.
Civil law
912
II.A.
Destruction of the subject-matter of the right
912
II.A.1.
French law
912
II.A.2.
German law
913
II.A.3.
Dutch law
914
II.B.
Destruction of the right
916
II.B.1.
Creation of property rights (original acquisition)
916
II.B.2.
Third party protection (good faith purchase/acquisition)
916
II.B.2.a.
French law
917
(i).
No requirement of valuable consideration in French law
918
(ii).
Good faith
918
(iii).
Stolen or lost goods
921
(iv).
Actual possession
923
II.B.2.b.
German law
931
(i).
Good faith
932
(ii).
Stolen and lost goods
934
(iii).
Actual possession
937
II.B.2.c.
Dutch law
942
(i).
Good faith
943
(ii).
Stolen property
945
(iii).
Actual possession
946
II.B.3.
Abandonment
948
II.B.3.a.
French law
948
(i).
Abandonment of ownership
949
(ii).
Effects of abandonment
950
(iii).
Special rules on abandonment
952
II.B.3.b.
German law
953
(i).
Abandonment of ownership of movable object
953
(ii).
Abandonment of ownership of immovable objects
953
(iii).
Abandonment of property rights
955
II.B.3.c.
Dutch law
955
(i).
Abandonment of ownership of movable objects
956
(ii).
Abandonment of ownership of immovable objects
956
(iii).
Abandonment of property rights other than ownership
958
II.B.4.
Merger of rights
958
II.B.4.a.
French law
959
(i).
Merger of rights in French law
959
(ii).
Exceptions to destruction of property rights through merger
959
II.B.4.b.
German law
962
(i).
Merger of rights in German law
962
(ii).
Exceptions to destruction of property rights through merger
963
II.B.4.c.
Dutch law
963
II.B.5.
Termination of rights
965
II.B.5.a.
French law
965
II.B.5.b.
German law
965
II.B.5.c.
Dutch law
966
II.B.6.
Extinctive prescription
966
II.B.6.a.
French Law
967
(i).
General rules on prescription
968
(ii).
Start of the prescription period
969
(iii).
Special rules
969
II.B.6.b.
German law
971
(i).
General rules on prescription
972
(ii).
Start of the prescription period
972
(iii).
Prescription of property rights on immovable objects
973
(iv).
Specific rules on prescription
974
II.B.6.c.
Dutch law
975
(i).
General rules on prescription
975
(ii).
Start of the prescription period
975
(iii).
Specific rules on prescription
977
II.B.7.
Realisation of a property right
978
II.B.8.
Destruction specific to certain rights
978
II.B.8.a.
French law
979
II.B.8.b.
German law
979
II.B.8.c.
Dutch law
979
III.
Common Law
979
III.A.
Destruction of subject-matter of right
979
III.A.1.
Accession
980
III.B.
Destruction of right
983
III.B.1.
Limitation
983
III.B.1.a.
Land
983
III.B.1.b.
Goods
986
III.B.2.
Satisfaction of judgment in conversion
987
III.B.3.
Good faith purchase
987
III.B.3.a.
Titles to money
987
III.B.3.b.
Title to goods other than money
989
(i).
Sale by seller in possession
989
(ii).
Sale by buyer in possession before title passes
993
(iii).
Purchase in good faith and for value of a voidable title
1003
(iv).
A special regime for cars on credit
1003
III.B.4.
Estoppel
1005
III.B.5.
Abandonment
1006
IV.
Comparative remarks
1007
IV.A.
Approach
1007
IV.B.
Terminology
1008
IV.C.
Destruction of subject-matter
1008
IV.D.
Destruction of right
1008
IV.E.
Techniques of destruction
1008
IV.F.
Prescription and limitation
1009
IV.G.
Third party protection and bona fide purchasers
1009
IV.H.
Abandonment
1009
Concise bibliography
1010
ch. Ten
Uniform or Harmonised Property Law
1011
I.
Harmomsation of property law
1012
I.A.
Introduction
1012
I.B.
Methods of harmonisation
1012
I.C.
Harmonising property law
1013
I.D.
Content of the chapter
1016
II.
Private international law and property law
1017
III.
Harmonisation at the level of the European Union
1024
III.A.
Introduction
1024
III.B.
Harmonisaton by enactment of EU legislation
1025
III.B.1.
Legislative instruments: regulations and directives
1025
III.B.2.
Legal basis of unification or harmonisation
1026
III.B.3.
Exclusion of property law?---Article 345 TFEU
1032
III.C.
Existing EU property law
1036
III.C.1.
Cultural objects
1036
III.C.2.
Late payments
1036
III.C.3.
Insolvency proceedings
1038
III.C.4.
Financial collateral arrangements
1042
III.C.5.
Emission rights
1044
III.D.
Future EU property law
1046
III.D.1.
Euromortgage
1047
III.D.2.
Succession and wills
1053
III.D.3.
Matrimonial property law
1056
III.D.4.
(Draft) common frame of reference
1057
III.D.4.a.
Towards a common frame of reference
1057
III.D.4.b.
General provisions of the DCFR
1061
III.D.4.c.
Transfer of ownership of movables in the DCFR
1064
III.D.4.d.
Personal property security rights in the DCFR
1067
III.D.4.e.
Trusts in the DCFR
1070
III.D.4.f.
The next step: feasibility study of the expert group on EU contract law: towards and optional instrument?
1072
III.E.
Harmonisation by internal market law or by case law of the ECJ
1074
III.E.1.
Free movement of goods and property law
1075
III.E.1.a.
Article 34 TFEU
1075
III.E.1.b.
Article 36 TFEU
1078
III.E.1.c.
Proportionality
1081
III.E.1.d.
Case study: free movement of goods and property law
1082
III.E.2.
Free movement of capital and property law
1089
III.E.2.a.
Freedom of movement of capital
1090
III.E.2.b.
Case study: Austrian land law regulations
1091
IV.
Harmonisation at the level of the Council of Europe: Article 1 First Protocol of the European Convention on Human Rights
1096
IV.A.
Article 1 First Protocol ECHR
1097
IV.B.
The approach of the European Court of Human Rights
1097
IV.C.
Case study: Pye v UK
1105
IV.D.
Effects of Article 1 First Protocol ECHR on national property law
1109
V.
Harmonisation on an international level: UNIDROIT, UNCITRAL and EBRD
1109
V.A.
Unidroit: Cape Town Convention 2001 on interests in mobile equipment
1109
V.B.
UNCITRAL Legislative Guides
1117
V.C.
Model Law on Secured Transactions of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
1117
VI.
Multi-level harmonisation? A case study of cultural objects
1118
VII.
The role of academics and practitioners in the harmonisation of property law
1129
VII.
The Joined Network on European Private Law
1130
VII.A.1.
The Study Group on a European Civil Code
1131
VII.B.
EULIS---European Land Information Service
1135
VII.C.
CROBECO---Cross-Border Electronic Conveyancing of Land
1135
VII.D.
The Trento Common Core project
1136
VIII.
Concluding Remarks
1141
VIII.A.
More activity then appears at first sight
1141
VIII.B.
Lex rei sitae in demise?
1141
VIII.C.
Towards uniform systems of property security rights
1142
VIII.D.
Free movement of goods or persons?
1142
VIII.E.
Movables and immovables
1142
VIII.F.
European Union property law in the making?
1143
Index
1145