Summary
Recommendations: To the Government of Ethiopia; To Ethiopia's foreign donors in the Development Assistance Group (DAG); To agricultural investors
Methodology
Background to villagization in Ethiopia: The history of villagization; Past villagization and rights violations in Gambella; Background to the current villagization program
Gambella's Villagization Process: The government villagization plan; Affected communities
Human rights abuses in the villagization process: Forced displacement; Forced displacement from urban centers; Suppressing dissent; Arbitrary arrest and detention; Beatings and assaults; Rape and sexual violence
Violations of economic, social, and cultural rights: Infrastructure commitments; Right to food and food security; Right to education; Forced labor and the right to adequate housing; Displacement, agricultural investment, and indigenous land rights
Role of International Donors: Donor efforts to encourage best practice; Donors' involvement
Legal Framework: Land tenure under Ethiopian law; International human rights law, forced evictions, and indigenous peoples' rights.