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Items
Details
Author
Title
Criminal law in Hong Kong / Victor Ho Wai-kin.
Uniform Title
International encyclopaedia of laws. Criminal law.
Published
Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands : Kluwer Law International, [2011]
Distributed
Frederick, MD : Sold and distributed in North, Central, and South America by Aspen Publishers
Copyright
©2011
Call Number
KNR379.5 .W35 2011
Former Call Number
Ch.HK 800 H65 2011
ISBN
9789041133069 (pbk. : alk. paper)
9041133062 (pbk. : alk. paper)
9041133062 (pbk. : alk. paper)
Description
304 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm
System Control No.
(OCoLC)722453319
Note
"Originally published as a monograph in the International encyclopaedia of laws/Criminal law."
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 47-48) and index.
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
The Author
3
Preface
13
General Introduction
15
ch. 1
The General Background of the Country
15
[§]1.
Geography and Climate
15
[§]2.
Population
16
[§]3.
Economy
16
[§]4.
Political System and Administrative Structure
18
[§]5.
Social and Cultural Aspects
21
[§]6.
The Judicial System
23
ch. 2
Criminal Law, Criminal Justice, and Criminal Science
26
[§]1.
Definitions of Criminal Law
26
I.
Criminal Law
26
II.
The Concept and Characteristics of Crime
26
III.
The Function of Criminal Law
28
IV.
Criminal Procedure
29
V.
Criminal Offences
31
[§]2.
Overview of the Criminal Justice System
32
I.
The Police
32
II.
The Prosecution
34
III.
Investigating Jurisdictions
35
IV.
Trial Jurisdictions
35
V.
Prison and Aftercare
36
VI.
The Bar
38
VII.
Statistical Overview
39
[§]3.
Trends within Criminal Justice
41
ch. 3
Historical Background
43
[§]1.
The Source of the Criminal Law
43
[§]2.
The Common Law Origin
43
I.
The Doctrine of Precedent
44
Selected Bibliography
47
pt. I
Substantive Criminal Law
49
ch. 1
General Principles
49
[§]1.
The Principle of Legality
49
[§]2.
The General Necessity of Mens Rea
51
ch. 2
Scope of Application of Criminal Statutes
53
[§]1.
Principles with Respect to Time
53
I.
Non-retroactivity
53
A.
Principles
54
B.
Exceptions
54
C.
Localization and Common Law
56
D.
Extradition
57
E.
Effect of Foreign Adjudication and Execution
58
[§]2.
Principles with Respect to Persons
59
I.
Immunity Based on Municipal Law
59
II.
Immunity Based on International Law
61
ch. 3
General Principles of Criminal Liability
62
[§]1.
Introduction: The Basic Element of Criminal Offences
62
[§]2.
The Actus Reus
62
I.
Omission
63
II.
Events
65
III.
Causation
65
[§]3.
Mens Rea
67
I.
Intention
68
II.
Negligence
71
III.
Recklessness
73
IV.
Knowledge
76
[§]4.
Strict Liability Offences
78
ch. 4
Justification, Excuse, and Other Grounds of Impunity
82
[§]1.
General Principles
82
[§]2.
Defences Related to the Mental Condition of the Accused
82
I.
Insanity
82
II.
Automatism (Non-insane Automatism)
85
III.
Intoxication
85
IV.
Diminished Responsibility
88
[§]3.
General Defences
90
I.
Infancy
90
II.
Mistake
91
III.
Provocation
92
IV.
Accident
96
V.
Necessity
97
VI.
Consent
98
VII.
Duress
100
VIII.
Public or Private Defence
102
IX.
Self-defence
103
X.
Superior Orders
105
ch. 5
Incomplete or Partly Perpetrated Criminal Offences
107
[§]1.
Incitement
107
I.
Actus Reus
107
II.
Mens Rea
108
III.
Impossibility
108
[§]2.
Criminal Law of Attempt
109
I.
Actus Reus
109
II.
Mens Rea
110
III.
Impossibility
111
IV.
Penalties
112
[§]3.
Aiding and Abetting
112
[§]4.
Counselling and Procuring
114
[§]5.
The Concept of Joint Enterprise
115
[§]6.
Principal Offender and Secondary Parties
117
[§]7.
Conspiracy
118
I.
History and Development
118
II.
Mens Rea
118
III.
Actus Reus
119
IV.
Impossibility
120
V.
Penalties
122
[§]8.
Conspiracy for Crimes of Strict and Absolute Liability and Summary Offences
123
ch. 6
Classification and Survey of Criminal Offences
124
[§]1.
General Classification of Criminal Offences
124
I.
Offences against the State
125
II.
Offences Related to Public Servants
125
III.
Offences against Public Tranquility
127
[§]2.
Offences Related to Dishonesty
129
I.
Offences under the Theft Ordinance
129
A.
Theft
129
B.
Obtaining Property by Deception
131
C.
Obtaining Pecuniary Advantages by Deception
132
D.
Obtaining Services by Deception
133
E.
Evasion of Liability by Deception
133
F.
False Accounting
134
G.
Procuring an Entry into Bank Records by Deception
134
H.
Offences Related to Company Directors and Officers of a Company
135
I.
Suppression of Documents
136
J.
Fraud
136
K.
Robbery
138
L.
Burglary
139
M.
Blackmail
140
N.
Handling Stolen Goods
141
[§]3.
Miscellaneous Offences
143
I.
Driving Offences
143
A.
Dangerous Driving Causing Death
143
B.
Dangerous Driving
144
C.
Careless Driving
145
D.
Driving under the Influence of Drugs and Alcohol
145
E.
Furious Driving
146
F.
Motor Racing
147
II.
Nuisance and Miscellaneous Offences
147
III.
Offences Related to Drugs
148
IV.
Vice Establishment and Related Offences
151
V.
Misconduct in Public Office
153
VI.
Offences Related to Firearms and Ammunition
154
VII.
Offences Related to Offensive Weapons
156
VIII.
Piracy
157
IX.
Offences Related to the Armed Forces
158
X.
Criminal Intimidation
159
XI.
Non-fatal Offences
159
XII.
Murder
161
XIII.
Public Nuisance
164
XIV.
False Evidence and Offences against Public Justice
164
XV.
Offences Related to Government Stamps
165
XVI.
Offences Related to Forged Documents and Counterfeiting
166
XVII.
Offences Related to Crime Proceeds
167
XVIII.
Offences Related to the Triads
169
XIX.
Offences Related to Marriage
171
XX.
Offences Related to Computer Crime
171
XXI.
Offences Related to Immigration
173
XXII.
Offences Related to Corruption
175
pt. II
Criminal Procedure
177
ch. 1
Principles, Institutions, Stages
177
[§]1.
The Judicial Organization
177
I.
Trial Jurisdictions
177
[§]2.
The Stages of the Penal Process
181
I.
Summons and Warrants
181
II.
The Preliminary Inquiry
183
III.
The Prosecution
185
[§]3.
The Legal Position of the Accused
186
I.
Constitutional Rights
186
[§]4.
The Rules of Evidence
189
I.
The Principles
189
II.
Burden of Proof
190
III.
The Means of Proof
192
IV.
The Exclusion of Evidence
195
V.
Legal Professional Privilege
202
ch. 2
Powers, Rights, and Duties in the Pre-trial Proceedings
203
[§]1.
Power and Duties
203
I.
The Power of Arrest
203
II.
The Power to Stop and Search
205
A.
Power of the Police
205
B.
Power of ICAC
208
C.
Seizure of Property
209
D.
Effect of Illegal Arrest and Search
209
III.
The Power to Detain
211
IV.
Police Interrogations
212
A.
Witness Statements
212
B.
Admissibility of Statements to the Police
212
V.
Other Policing Methods
213
A.
Undercover Police Officers
213
B.
Informers
214
C.
Roadblocks
215
D.
Video Cameras
215
E.
Identification Methods
215
F.
Fingerprints and Photographs
217
G.
Intimate Samples and Non-intimate Samples
217
H.
Covert Surveillance
219
VI.
The Power to Release on Bail
219
VII.
Criminal Disclosure
222
[§]2.
Rights before Trial
224
I.
Plea Bargaining
224
ch. 3
The Inquiry in Court
226
[§]1.
The Legal Documentation of an Offence
226
I.
Charges
226
A.
Duplicity
229
B.
Amendment of Charge
229
[§]2.
The Trial
232
I.
The Course of Trial
232
II.
The Admissibility of Cautioned Statements or Videotaped Interviews
236
III.
The Presentation of Evidence
238
ch. 4
Sanctioning System
242
[§]1.
Principles of Sentencing
242
I.
Grounds for Increasing Punishment
243
A.
Aggravating Factors
243
II.
Consecutive and Concurrent Sentences
246
III.
Totality Principles
248
IV.
Previous Convictions
248
V.
Outstanding Offences
249
VI.
Sivan Procedure
250
VII.
Sentencing in the Juvenile Courts
251
VIII.
Enhanced Sentencing
251
IX.
Grounds for a Reduction in Sentence
255
X.
Grounds for Mitigation in Sentencing
256
XI.
Long-Term Prison Sentences Review Ordinance
258
[§]2.
The Penalties
259
I.
Death Penalty
259
II.
Life Imprisonment
260
III.
Absolute Discharge
261
IV.
Fine
262
V.
Binding-Over Order
263
VI.
Police Superintendent's Discretion Scheme
265
VII.
Reformative Training
265
VIII.
Detention and Training Centre Order
266
IX.
Probation Order
268
X.
Community Service Order
269
XI.
Compensation Order
271
XII.
Forfeiture Order
271
XIII.
Disqualification
273
XIV.
Criminal Bankruptcy Order
274
XV.
Drugs Addiction Treatment Centre
275
XVI.
Suspended Sentence
275
[§]3.
The Legal Remedies
276
I.
Introduction
276
II.
Appeal
277
A.
Appeal from the District Court and CFI against Conviction
277
B.
Appeal from the District Court and CFI against Sentence
280
C.
Appeal from Magistracy against Conviction
280
D.
Appeal from Magistracy against Sentence
281
E.
Right of Appeal to the Highest Appellate Court from Magistracy Appeal
282
III.
Review
283
A.
Review of a Decision by a Magistrate
283
B.
Secretary for Justice's Review against Sentence
283
C.
Application for Review of a Bail Decision
284
IV.
Reference by the Chief Executive
284
V.
Appeal by Way of Case Stated
285
VI.
Reference to the Court of Appeal on a Question of Law Following Acquittal
286
VII.
Appeal in Relation to Costs
286
VIII.
Judicial Review
288
IX.
Miscellaneous Appeal
288
X.
Criminal Jurisdiction of the Court of Final Appeal
289
XI.
Criminal Jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal
289
pt. III
Execution and Extinction of Criminal Sanctions
291
ch. 1
The Prison System
291
[§]1.
Organizational Structure
291
I.
Classification of Prisoners
292
[§]2.
The Penitentiary Regime
292
I.
Aspects of Living Conditions
292
A.
Prison Labour
292
B.
Religious Services
292
C.
Letters and Visits
293
D.
Information and Media
294
E.
Disciplinary Measures
294
[§]3.
Prisoners' Rights, Complaints Procedure, and Judicial Control
295
ch. 2
Extinction of Sanctions or Sentences
297
[§]1.
Chief Executive's Pardon
297
General Conclusion
298
Index
301