Jihad and its challenges to international and domestic law / edited by M. Cherif Bassiouni and Amna Guellali ; with the co-operation of Ann O'Brien.
2010
KZ6396 .J53 2010 (Map It)
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Title
Jihad and its challenges to international and domestic law / edited by M. Cherif Bassiouni and Amna Guellali ; with the co-operation of Ann O'Brien.
Published
The Hague : Hague Academic Press, [2010]
Copyright
©2010
Call Number
KZ6396 .J53 2010
ISBN
9789067043120 (hbk.)
9067043125 (hbk.)
9067043125 (hbk.)
Description
xx, 276 pages ; 25 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)601118907
Note
"Collection of contributions by ... authors who participated in the Colloquium 'Jihad and its challenges of international and domestic law', which was organised by the T.M.C. Asser Instituut in the Hague on the 3rd of October 2008"--P. v.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Record Appears in
Added Author
Table of Contents
Foreword
v
Acknowledgements / Ernst M.H. Hirsch Bailin
vii
Summary of Contents / Ernst M.H. Hirsch Bailin
ix
Glossary of Arabic words and system of transliteration / Ernst M.H. Hirsch Bailin
xvii
List of Abbreviations / Ernst M.H. Hirsch Bailin
xix
Introduction / Ernst M.H. Hirsch Bailin
1
Part One Jihad, its meaning, scope and purpose in the Islamic tradition / Ernst M.H. Hirsch Bailin
Evolving Approaches to Jihad: From Self-Defense to Revolutionary and Regime-Change Political Violence / Ernst M.H. Hirsch Bailin
11
Abstract / M. Cherif Bassiouni
11
1.
Introduction / M. Cherif Bassiouni
11
2.
The Arabic Language and the Meanings of Jihad / M. Cherif Bassiouni
14
3.
Evolving Meaning / M. Cherif Bassiouni
15
4.
Doctrinal Emphasis on the Armed Struggle Aspect of Jihad / M. Cherif Bassiouni
23
5.
The Conditions and Limits of Jihad / M. Cherif Bassiouni
27
6.
Jihad in Contemporary Political Doctrine and Practice / M. Cherif Bassiouni
28
7.
Conclusion / M. Cherif Bassiouni
33
Jihad and the Interpretation of the Quran: Contextualising Islamic Tradition / M. Cherif Bassiouni
39
Abstract / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
39
1.
Introductory Remarks / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
39
2.
Definition and Scope of Jihad / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
41
3.
A review of the Source Evidence / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
42
4.
Types of Jihad / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
48
5.
Salient Shari'a Positions / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
49
6.
Other Manifestations of Jihad / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
50
7.
Suicide and Suicide Bombing / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
51
8.
Conclusion / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
57
Understanding the Discourses on Jihad in Islam Through Classical and Modern Narratives / Mohammad Hashim Kamali
59
Abstract / Amna Guellali
59
1.
Introduction / Amna Guellali
59
2.
Jihad as Part of Orthodox Sunni Doctrines / Amna Guellali
62
2.1.
The normative and methodological framework of Sunni doctrines / Amna Guellali
62
2.2.
Historical sketches of jihad in Islamic narratives / Amna Guellali
66
3.
The Classical Doctrines of Jihad / Amna Guellali
69
3.1.
Presentation of the classical doctrines / Amna Guellali
69
3.2.
Conditions for the waging of Jihad / Amna Guellali
72
4.
Contemporary Interpretations of Jihad / Amna Guellali
74
4.1.
Modernist visions of Islam and jihad / Amna Guellali
75
4.2.
Fundamentalist vision of Islam and jihad / Amna Guellali
78
4.3.
Political theology of al-Qaeda / Amna Guellali
81
4.4.
The opinion of the contemporary religious establishment on jihad / Amna Guellali
83
5.
Conclusion / Amna Guellali
85
The Pitfalls of Jihad as an Individual Duty (Fard 'Ayn) / Amna Guellali
87
Abstract / Nelly Lahoud
87
1.
Classical Concept of Jihad as Fard 'Ayn / Nelly Lahoud
87
2.
Jihad as an Individual Duty in the Modern Era / Nelly Lahoud
90
2.1.
Hasan al-Banna / Nelly Lahoud
91
2.2.
Muhammad 'Abd al-Salam Faraj / Nelly Lahoud
93
3.
'Abdullah 'Azzam: Jihad as an Individual Duty in a Transnational Agenda / Nelly Lahoud
97
4.
Jihad as an Individual Duty: From Transnational to Global / Nelly Lahoud
100
4.1.
Abu Mus'ab al-Surf / Nelly Lahoud
102
5.
Jihad as an Individual Duty: Successes and Failures / Nelly Lahoud
104
Resurrecting Siyar Through Fatwas? (Re)Constructing Islamic International Law in a Post (Iraq) Invasion World / Nelly Lahoud
107
Abstract / Shaheen Sardar Ali
107
1.
Introduction / Shaheen Sardar Ali
108
2.
Contextualising Siyar, Jihad and Fatwas in the Islamic Legal Tradition and the Contemporary World: An Analytical Overview / Shaheen Sardar Ali
109
3.
The Nature of Siyar and Jihad within the Islamic Legal Tradition / Shaheen Sardar Ali
115
4.
Fatwas as an Interpretative Vehicle of Siyar and Jihad: An Exploratory Overview in Light of 'Internet Fatwas' on the Iraq War and Muslim Responses to the Invasion / Shaheen Sardar Ali
121
5.
Siyar, Jihad, Fatwas and International law: Past, Present and Future in a Globalised World / Shaheen Sardar Ali
129
Part Two Jihad, jus ad bellum and jus in bello / Shaheen Sardar Ali
The Challenge of Fragmentation of International Humanitarian Law Regarding the Protection of Civilians: An Islamic Perspective / Shaheen Sardar Ali
139
Abstract / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
139
1.
Introduction / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
139
2.
Sources of Islamic Humanitarian Law / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
141
2.1.
The role of Islamic law in shaping humanitarian standards / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
141
2.2.
Humanitarian law and sacred legal sources / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
143
2.3.
Islam as a religion of peace setting up war laws and humanitarian standards / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
144
3.
The Notion and Protection of Civilians in Islamic Humanitarian law / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
145
3.1.
The distinction between combatants and civilians / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
145
3.2.
Muslim intellectuals and the distinction between civilians and combatants / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
146
3.3.
The debate about permissible killings / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
148
4.
The Challenge of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and the Protection of Civilians / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
153
4.1.
A new challenge / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
153
4.2.
The will to resort to the use of WMD / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
155
5.
Terrorism / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
157
5.1.
The deliberate targeting of civilians / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
157
5.2.
The mobilization against distorted interpretations of Islam to justify the killings of civilians / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
159
6.
Suicide Attacks / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
160
6.1.
What legitimacy for suicide attacks? The debate in Islam regarding suicide attacks / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
160
6.2.
Justifications of suicide attacks / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
161
7.
What Solutions to these Distorted Warmongering Interpretations of Islam? / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
161
7.1.
The propagation of other interpretations in the field as a key / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
161
7.2.
New conduct of hostilities: How to deal with reality? / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
163
7.3.
The need for a New Islam: The Hermeneutics of the Shari' a / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
164
8.
Conclusion / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
165
Jus in Bello: Civilians' Fundamental Rights Under Islamic and Public International Law / Anicée Van Engeland-Nourai
167
Abstract / Hilmi M. Zawati
167
1.
Introduction / Hilmi M. Zawati
168
2.
Right to Life, the Prohibition of Torture and Inhuman Treatment / Hilmi M. Zawati
170
3.
Right to Respect of Religious Beliefs, Customs and Traditions / Hilmi M. Zawati
177
4.
Judicial Rights / Hilmi M. Zawati
181
4.1.
The principle of punishment according to individual responsibility / Hilmi M. Zawati
181
4.2.
The principle of proportional crime and punishment / Hilmi M. Zawati
184
4.3.
The right to protection from retroactive law / Hilmi M. Zawati
186
5.
Concluding Remarks / Hilmi M. Zawati
189
Does the Impact of Jihad Ideology and Action Require a Transformation in the Legal Rules on Targeting? / Hilmi M. Zawati
191
Abstract / William J. Fenrick
191
1.
Introduction / William J. Fenrick
191
2.
Review of the Legal Rules of IHL on Targeting / William J. Fenrick
192
3.
Comparison Between the Relevant Rules on Conduct of Hostilities of IHL, Just War Doctrines and Jihad Ideology / William J. Fenrick
197
4.
Conduct of Hostilities in Asymmetric Warfare / William J. Fenrick
199
5.
Jihad Ideology or Asymmetric Conflicts Do Not Require a Transformation in the Rules on Targeting / William J. Fenrick
204
Self-Defence Arguments in the Jihad Concept and their Counterparts in Western International Law / William J. Fenrick
209
Abstract / Kinga Tibori Szabó
209
1.
Introduction / Kinga Tibori Szabó
209
2.
International Law and Islamic Law / Kinga Tibori Szabó
210
3.
Self-Defence in the Western and Islamic Traditions / Kinga Tibori Szabó
212
3.1.
Self-defence in Western international law / Kinga Tibori Szabó
212
3.2.
Self-defence and the concept of jihad / Kinga Tibori Szabó
215
4.
Self-Defence Arguments in the Quran and their Western Counterparts / Kinga Tibori Szabó
216
4.1.
The basic formulation of self-defence / Kinga Tibori Szabó
216
4.2.
The limits of self-defence / Kinga Tibori Szabó
218
4.2.1.
Moderation / Kinga Tibori Szabó
218
4.2.2.
When should defence stop / Kinga Tibori Szabó
219
4.2.3.
Anticipatory self-defence / Kinga Tibori Szabó
220
5.
Jihad as Self-Defence and Modern State Practice / Kinga Tibori Szabó
222
5.1.
Jihad and non-state groups / Kinga Tibori Szabó
223
5.2.
Islamic states and jihad / Kinga Tibori Szabó
224
6.
Conclusion / Kinga Tibori Szabó
226
Part Three Jihad and domestic law / Kinga Tibori Szabó
Jihad and Counter-Jihad: Western European Legal Responses to Islamic Militancy / Kinga Tibori Szabó
229
Abstract / Maurits Berger
229
1.
Introduction: The European Context / Maurits Berger
229
2.
Fighting the Enemy: Setting the Legal Framework / Maurits Berger
230
3.
New Battlefields / Maurits Berger
232
4.
Countering Jihad (1): De-Radicalization and Integration / Maurits Berger
235
5.
Countering Jihad (2): Protection / Maurits Berger
238
6.
Jihadi Ideology: Defending Islam / Maurits Berger
241
7.
Counter-Effects of the Counter-Strategies / Maurits Berger
244
7.1.
Securitization / Maurits Berger
244
7.2.
Religionization / Maurits Berger
245
7.3.
Legalization / Maurits Berger
245
8.
Conclusion: Jihad and Counter-Jihad / Maurits Berger
246
Why Continue Counterterrorism Policies If They Are Hurting? / Maurits Berger
249
Abstract / Bob de Graaff
249
1.
Introduction / Bob de Graaff
249
2.
Why Is It So Difficult to Counter Terrorism? / Bob de Graaff
250
3.
The Overly Broad Approach in Dutch Counterradicalisation / Bob de Graaff
258
4.
Effectiveness / Bob de Graaff
265
5.
Conclusion / Bob de Graaff
273
Index / Bob de Graaff
275