Chinese commercial law : a practical guide / Maarten Roos.
2010
KNQ920 .R66 2010 (Map It)
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Items
Details
Author
Title
Chinese commercial law : a practical guide / Maarten Roos.
Published
Austin, TX : Wolters Kluwer, [2010]
Copyright
©2010
Call Number
KNQ920 .R66 2010
Former Call Number
Ch.P 600 R676 2010
ISBN
9789041132543
9041132546
9041132546
Description
xxvi, 295 pages : illustrations ; 25 cm
System Control No.
(OCoLC)668236889
Note
At head of title: Kluwer Law International.
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
About the Author
v
List of Abbreviations
xvii
List of Focus Points
xxi
List of Laws
xxv
List of Tables
xxvii
Acknowledgements
xxix
Introduction
1
I.1.
Legal Challenges
2
I.2.
Guide to This Book
4
pt. I
Business with China
ch. 1
Commercial Contracts
7
1.1.
Introduction: Contract Values
7
1.2.
Aversion to Contracts
9
1.3.
Closing the Deal
11
1.4.
Effective Contracts
13
1.4.1.
Contracting Parties
14
1.4.2.
Execution and Effectiveness
17
1.4.3.
Legal Force
18
1.4.4.
Assignment and Sub-contracting
19
1.4.5.
Confidentiality and IP Rights Management
20
1.4.6.
Breach, Termination and Indemnities
21
1.4.7.
Implementation and Enforcement
22
1.5.
Concluding Remarks
25
ch. 2
Dispute Resolution
27
2.1.
Introduction: Rule of Law
27
2.2.
Settlement and Mediation
28
2.3.
Litigation Challenges and Procedures
30
2.3.1.
Cost and Timing
30
2.3.2.
Evidence
33
2.3.3.
Compensation
33
2.3.4.
Pre-emptive Measures
34
2.3.5.
Local Protectionism and Corruption
35
2.3.6.
Enforcement
36
2.3.7.
Statute of Limitations
37
2.3.8.
Governing Law
38
2.3.9.
Forum Shopping
38
2.4.
Arbitration
39
2.4.1.
Arbitration Agreements
40
2.4.2.
Arbitration Commissions
41
2.4.3.
CIETAC
42
2.4.4.
Domestic and International Enforcement
43
2.5.
Concluding Remarks
44
ch. 3
Trade and Distribution
47
3.1.
Introduction: Trading Nation
47
3.2.
WTO Accession
48
3.3.
Foreign Trade
49
3.3.1.
Offshore Trading Structures
49
3.3.2.
Intermediaries within China
51
3.3.3.
Processing Trade
53
3.4.
Trading and Distribution in China
55
3.4.1.
Bonded Zones
55
3.4.2.
Wholesale
57
3.4.3.
Retail
58
3.4.4.
Franchising
59
3.4.5.
Commission Agency
60
3.5.
Customs
61
3.5.1.
Duties
62
3.5.2.
Valuations
63
3.6.
Concluding Remarks
64
ch. 4
Establishing IP Rights
65
4.1.
Introduction: Understanding IP Rights
65
4.2.
Copyright
66
4.2.1.
Authorship
66
4.2.2.
Recording
67
4.3.
Patents
67
4.3.1.
Exclusive Rights
68
4.3.2.
Applications
69
4.3.3.
Patentability and Examination
70
4.3.4.
Appeals and Invalidation
71
4.4.
Trademarks
72
4.4.1.
Exclusive Rights
72
4.4.2.
Selecting Trademarks
75
4.4.3.
Filing Procedures
77
4.4.4.
Oppositions and Cancellations
78
4.4.5.
Well-known Trademarks
80
4.5.
Domain Names
81
4.6.
Trade Secrets
82
4.7.
Concluding Remarks
83
ch. 5
IP Enforcement
85
5.1.
Introduction: Enforcement Challenges
85
5.2.
Legal Grounds
86
5.2.1.
IP Infringements
86
5.2.2.
Contractual Rights
88
5.3.
Cease and Desist Letters
89
5.4.
Administrative Actions
90
5.4.1.
Administrative Proceedings
91
5.4.2.
Dealing with Officials
92
5.4.3.
Penalties
93
5.4.4.
Trade Fair Protection
95
5.4.5.
Customs Protection
96
5.5.
Civil Lawsuits
97
5.5.1.
Jurisdiction
98
5.5.2.
Evidence
99
5.5.3.
Compensation
101
5.6.
Criminal Prosecution
102
5.7.
Concluding Remarks
104
pt. II
Investing in China
ch. 6
Foreign Direct Investment
107
6.1.
Introduction: Development of FDI
107
6.2.
Guiding Foreign Investment
109
6.2.1.
Manufacturing
110
6.2.2.
Commercial
112
6.2.3.
Consultancy
112
6.2.4.
Investment
113
6.2.5.
Real Estate
113
6.3.
Legal Framework and Local Variations
114
6.4.
Structuring Investments
116
6.4.1.
Foreign-Invested Enterprises
116
6.4.2.
Representative Office
116
6.4.3.
Branches and Liaison Offices
117
6.4.4.
Hong Kong Companies
118
6.5.
Establishment of Subsidiaries
119
6.5.1.
Documentation
120
6.5.2.
Location and Premises
121
6.5.3.
Name Pre-approval
123
6.5.4.
Approvals and Registration
124
6.5.5.
Post-formation Procedures
125
6.6.
Concluding Remarks
126
ch. 7
Joint Ventures
127
7.1.
Introduction: Future of Joint Ventures
127
7.2.
Choosing a Joint Venture
129
7.2.1.
Fundamentals
129
7.2.2.
Motivations
131
7.3.
Establishment
132
7.3.1.
Parties
132
7.3.2.
Formation and Procedures
133
7.3.3.
Equity Joint Ventures
135
7.3.4.
Cooperative Joint Ventures
135
7.4.
Structure and Management
136
7.4.1.
Partner Selection
137
7.4.2.
Due Diligence
138
7.4.3.
Terms of Cooperation
139
7.4.4.
Managing Joint Venture Relations
143
7.4.5.
Exit Strategies
144
7.5.
Concluding remarks
145
ch. 8
Mergers and Acquisitions
147
8.1.
Introduction: Cross-Border M&A on the Rise
147
8.2.
Structuring M&A
148
8.2.1.
Offshore Transactions
149
8.2.2.
Equity Acquisitions
150
8.2.3.
Mergers
151
8.2.4.
Joint Ventures
152
8.2.5.
Asset Acquisitions
153
8.3.
Due Diligence
154
8.3.1.
Commercial
157
8.3.2.
Financial & Tax
158
8.3.3.
Legal
158
8.3.4.
Assets
160
8.4.
Implementing Equity Transactions
162
8.4.1.
Transaction Price
162
8.4.2.
Payment Schedules
163
8.5.
Integration Challenges
164
8.6.
Concluding Remarks
165
ch. 9
Exit Strategies
167
9.1.
Introduction: Admitting Defeat
167
9.2.
Restructuring the Business
168
9.2.1.
Expanding the Business Scope
169
9.2.2.
Relocation
170
9.2.3.
Mergers
171
9.3.
Selling the Business
172
9.3.1.
Joint Venture Exits
173
9.4.
Company Liquidation
173
9.4.1.
Liquidation Filings
174
9.4.2.
Liquidation Committee
175
9.4.3.
Key Challenges
176
9.5.
Filing for Bankruptcy
178
9.5.1.
Filing and Procedures
179
9.5.2.
Debts and Creditors
180
9.5.3.
Reorganization and Reconciliation
180
9.5.4.
Risks and Liabilities
181
9.6.
Illegal Withdrawal
182
9.7.
Concluding Remarks
184
pt. III
Operating a Business in China
ch. 10
Corporate Governance
187
10.1.
Introduction: Defining Corporate Governance
187
10.2.
Global Values versus Local Practices
188
10.3.
Supporting Decision-Making and Control
190
10.3.1.
Shareholders
191
10.3.2.
Board of Directors
192
10.3.3.
Senior Management
195
10.3.4.
Legal Representative
196
10.4.
Monitoring Compliance
199
10.4.1.
Reporting Systems
199
10.4.2.
External Audits
200
10.4.3.
Supervisor
201
10.5.
Pursuing Legal Liabilities
202
10.6.
Concluding Remarks
204
ch. 11
Employment
205
11.1.
Introduction: Human Resource Challenges
205
11.2.
Trends in Employee Rights
206
11.3.
Employing Staff
208
11.3.1.
Written Contracts
208
11.3.2.
Fixed Term versus Open Term
209
11.3.3.
Probation
210
11.3.4.
Part-Time Employment
211
11.3.5.
Labour Agents and Foreign Companies
211
11.4.
Managing Employment Relations
213
11.4.1.
Employment Handbook
213
11.4.2.
Working Hours and Overtime
214
11.4.3.
Salary and Social Security
215
11.4.4.
Confidentiality
217
11.4.5.
Non-competition
217
11.5.
Terminating Employment Relations
219
11.5.1.
Dismissal with Cause
219
11.5.2.
Unlawful Termination
221
11.5.3.
Employee Liabilities
222
11.6.
Foreign Employees
223
11.7.
Labour Law Enforcement
226
11.8.
Concluding Remarks
227
ch. 12
Financing
229
12.1.
Introduction: Financing and Repatriation
229
12.2.
Registered Capital
230
12.2.1.
Minimum Registered Capital
230
12.2.2.
Form and Timing
233
12.2.3.
Conversion into Local Currency
235
12.2.4.
Temporary Bank Accounts
236
12.3.
Additional Funds
237
12.3.1.
Registered Capital Increase
237
12.3.2.
Domestic and Foreign Debt
239
12.3.3.
Current-Account Financing
242
12.4.
Repatriating Funds
243
12.4.1.
Dividends
243
12.4.2.
Debts and Pledges
244
12.4.3.
Current-Account Transactions
246
12.5.
Concluding Remarks
246
ch. 13
Taxation
249
13.1.
Introduction: Developing Trends
249
13.2.
Corporate Income Tax
250
13.2.1.
Preferential Policies
251
13.2.2.
Foreign Companies
252
13.2.3.
Representative Offices
254
13.2.4.
Tax Treaties
254
13.3.
Indirect Taxes
256
13.3.1.
Business Tax
256
13.3.2.
Value Added Tax
257
13.3.3.
Export VAT Rebate
258
13.4.
Individual Income Tax
259
13.4.1.
Taxable Income
260
13.4.2.
Deductions
261
13.4.3.
Calculations
262
13.5.
Tax Liabilities and Enforcement
263
13.5.1.
Withholding Liabilities
264
13.5.2.
Individual Income Tax Liabilities
265
13.6.
Concluding Remarks
267
ch. 14
Criminal Justice
269
14.1.
Introduction: Criminal Prosecution
269
14.2.
Stages of the Criminal Process
270
14.2.1.
Criminal Investigations
271
14.2.2.
Prosecution
272
14.2.3.
Trial
272
14.3.
Criminal Procedures
273
14.3.1.
Compulsory Measures
274
14.3.2.
Defence and Counsel
275
14.3.3.
Sanctions
276
14.4.
Business Crimes
278
14.4.1.
Tax Evasion
279
14.4.2.
Smuggling
280
14.4.3.
Bribery of Officials
281
14.4.4.
Commercial Bribery
283
14.4.5.
Trade Secret Infringement
284
14.5.
Concluding remarks
287
Epilogue
289
Index
291