000179216 000__ 21600cam\a2203853\i\4500 000179216 001__ 179216 000179216 005__ 20240909153038.0 000179216 008__ 150227s2015\\\\nyu\\\\\\b\\\\001\0\eng\\ 000179216 010__ $$a 2015008314 000179216 020__ $$a9781454849476 (pbk) 000179216 020__ $$a1454849479 (pbk) 000179216 035__ $$a(OCoLC)904400156 000179216 040__ $$aDLC$$beng$$erda$$cDLC$$dYDX$$dYDXCP$$dZXQ$$dOCLCF$$dFIUCL$$dCHVBK$$dCLU$$dUCILW$$dUtOrBLW 000179216 042__ $$apcc 000179216 043__ $$an-us--- 000179216 049__ $$aZCLA 000179216 05000 $$aKF4550$$b.C427 2015 000179216 059__ $$aNhCcYME 000179216 1001_ $$aChemerinsky, Erwin,$$eauthor.$$0n 86019524 $$0http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n86019524 000179216 24510 $$aConstitutional law :$$bprinciples and policies /$$cErwin Chemerinsky, Dean, and Distinguished Professor of Law Raymond Pryke Professor of First Amendment Law University of California, Irvine School of Law. 000179216 250__ $$aFifth Edition. 000179216 264_1 $$aNew York :$$bWolters Kluwer,$$c[2015] 000179216 300__ $$axxvi, 1,439 pages ;$$c26 cm. 000179216 336__ $$atext$$btxt$$2rdacontent 000179216 337__ $$aunmediated$$bn$$2rdamedia 000179216 338__ $$avolume$$2rdacarrier 000179216 4901_ $$aAspen student treatise series 000179216 504__ $$aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 000179216 5050_ $$aHistorical background and contemporary themes -- The federal judicial power -- The federal legislativce power -- The federal executive power -- Limits on state regulatory and taxing power -- The structure of the Constitution's protection of civil rights and civil liberties -- Procedural due process -- Economic liberties -- Equal protection -- Fundamental rights -- First Amendment : Expression -- First Amendment : Religion. 000179216 5902_ $$aPurchased from the income of the Fisch Fund 000179216 650_0 $$aConstitutional law$$zUnited States.$$0sh 85139986 $$0http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85139986 000179216 650_7 $$aConstitutional law.$$2fast$$0(OCoLC)fst00875797$$0http://id.worldcat.org/fast/875797 000179216 830_0 $$aAspen student treatise series.$$0no2011108429$$0http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2011108429 000179216 906__ $$aybpsh 000179216 907__ $$a.b7920362$$b2018-07-23$$c2015-11-20 000179216 909CO $$ooai:pegasus.law.columbia.edu:179216$$plawclio 000179216 922__ $$aBackstage MARS$$b2018-07-23$$c2018-07-23 000179216 922__ $$aBackstage MARS$$b2016-04-19$$c2016-04-20 000179216 922__ $$aRDA ENRICHED 000179216 922__ $$aMARS 000179216 97001 $$tPreface$$pxxi 000179216 97001 $$tAcknowledgments$$pxxv 000179216 97001 $$lch. 1 $$tHistorical Background and Contemporary Themes$$p1 000179216 97011 $$l1.1.$$tThe Constitution's Functions$$p1 000179216 97011 $$l1.2.$$tWhy a Constitution?$$p6 000179216 97011 $$l1.3.$$tA Brief History of the Creation and Ratification of the Constitution and Its Amendments$$p9 000179216 97011 $$l1.4.$$tHow Should the Constitution Be Interpreted?$$p16 000179216 97011 $$l1.5.$$tWho Should Be the Authoritative Interpreter of the Constitution?$$p26 000179216 97001 $$lch. 2 $$tThe Federal Judicial Power$$p31 000179216 97011 $$l2.1.$$tIntroduction$$p32 000179216 97011 $$l2.2.$$tThe Authority for Judicial Review$$p37 000179216 97011 $$l2.2.1.$$tMarbury v. Madison: The Authority for Judicial Review of Congressional and Presidential Actions$$p37 000179216 97011 $$l2.2.2.$$tThe Authority for Judicial Review of State and Local Actions$$p45 000179216 97011 $$l2.3.$$tIntroduction to the Justiciability Doctrines$$p47 000179216 97011 $$l2.4.$$tThe Prohibition Against Advisory Opinions$$p51 000179216 97011 $$l2.5.$$tStanding$$p58 000179216 97011 $$l2.5.1.$$tIntroduction$$p58 000179216 97011 $$l2.5.2.$$tInjury$$p62 000179216 97011 $$l2.5.3.$$tCausation and Redressability$$p77 000179216 97011 $$l2.5.4.$$tThe Limitation on Third-Party Standing$$p85 000179216 97011 $$l2.5.5.$$tThe Prohibition Against Generalized Grievances$$p93 000179216 97011 $$l2.5.6.$$tThe Requirement That the Plaintiff Be Within the Zone of Interests Protected by the Statute$$p103 000179216 97011 $$l2.6.$$tRipeness$$p107 000179216 97011 $$l2.6.1.$$tIntroduction$$p107 000179216 97011 $$l2.6.2.$$tCriteria for Determining Ripeness: The Hardship to Denying Review$$p110 000179216 97011 $$l2.6.3.$$tCriteria for Determining Ripeness: The Fitness of the Issues and Record for Judicial Review$$p117 000179216 97011 $$l2.7.$$tMootness$$p118 000179216 97011 $$l2.7.1.$$tDescription of the Mootness Doctrine$$p118 000179216 97011 $$l2.7.2.$$tExceptions to the Mootness Doctrine: Collateral Consequences$$p121 000179216 97011 $$l2.7.3.$$tExceptions to the Mootness Doctrine: Wrongs Capable of Repetition Yet Evading Review$$p124 000179216 97011 $$l2.7.4.$$tExceptions to the Mootness Doctrine: Voluntary Cessation$$p128 000179216 97011 $$l2.7.5.$$tExceptions to the Mootness Doctrine: Class Actions$$p132 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.$$tThe Political Question Doctrine$$p135 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.1.$$tWhat Is the Political Question Doctrine)$$p135 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.2.$$tShould There Be a Political Question Doctrine)$$p137 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.3.$$tThe "Republican Form of Government" Clause and Judicial Review of the Electoral Process$$p140 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.4.$$tForeign Policy$$p147 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.5.$$tCongressional Self-Governance$$p150 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.6.$$tThe Process for Ratifying Constitutional Amendments$$p152 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.7.$$tExcessive Interference with Coordinate Branches of Government$$p154 000179216 97011 $$l2.8.8.$$tImpeachment and Removal from Office: Nixon v. United States$$p155 000179216 97011 $$l2.9.$$tCongressional Control of Federal Court Jurisdiction$$p156 000179216 97011 $$l2.9.1.$$tIntroduction$$p156 000179216 97011 $$l2.9.2.$$tCongressional Control of Supreme Court Jurisdiction$$p162 000179216 97011 $$l2.9.3.$$tCongressional Control of Lower Federal Court Jurisdiction$$p174 000179216 97011 $$l2.10.$$tSovereign Immunity as a Limit on the Federal Judicial Power$$p187 000179216 97011 $$l2.10.1.$$tHistory of the Ratification of the Eleventh Amendment$$p190 000179216 97011 $$l2.10.2.$$tWhat Does the Eleventh Amendment Mean?$$p194 000179216 97011 $$l2.10.3.$$tThe Application of the Eleventh Amendment: What's Barred and What's Allowed$$p200 000179216 97011 $$l2.10.4.$$tWays Around the Eleventh Amendment: Suits Against State Officers$$p207 000179216 97011 $$l2.10.5.$$tWays Around the Eleventh Amendment: Waiver$$p224 000179216 97011 $$l2.10.6.$$tWays Around the Eleventh Amendment: Suits Pursuant to Federal Laws$$p230 000179216 97001 $$lch. 3 $$tThe Federal Legislative Power$$p239 000179216 97011 $$l3.1.$$tThe Doctrine of Limited Federal Legislative Authority$$p240 000179216 97011 $$l3.2.$$tMcCulloch v. Maryland and the Scope of Congressional Powers$$p242 000179216 97011 $$l3.3.$$tThe Necessary and Proper Clause$$p248 000179216 97011 $$l3.4.$$tThe Commerce Power$$p250 000179216 97011 $$l3.4.1.$$tIntroduction to the Commerce Power$$p250 000179216 97011 $$l3.4.2.$$tGibbons v. Ogden and the Definition of the Commerce Power$$p252 000179216 97011 $$l3.4.3.$$tThe Commerce Clause Before 1937$$p254 000179216 97011 $$l3.4.4.$$tThe Commerce Clause from 1937 to 1995$$p262 000179216 97011 $$l3.4.5.$$tThe Commerce Clause After United States v. Lopez$$p272 000179216 97011 $$l3.5.$$tThe Taxing and Spending Power$$p282 000179216 97011 $$l3.5.1.$$tThe Scope of the Taxing and Spending Power$$p282 000179216 97011 $$l3.5.2.$$tThe Taxing Power$$p283 000179216 97011 $$l3.5.3.$$tThe Spending Power$$p287 000179216 97011 $$l3.6.$$tOther Congressional Powers Under Article I and Article IV$$p291 000179216 97011 $$l3.6.1.$$tForeign Policy$$p291 000179216 97011 $$l3.6.2.$$tDomestic Affairs$$p296 000179216 97011 $$l3.7.$$tCongress's Powers Under the Reconstruction-Era Amendments$$p298 000179216 97011 $$l3.7.1.$$tMay Congress Regulate Private Conduct?$$p299 000179216 97011 $$l3.7.2.$$tWhat Is the Scope of Congress's Power?$$p304 000179216 97011 $$l3.8.$$tCongress's Power to Authorize Suits Against State Governments$$p314 000179216 97011 $$l3.9.$$tCongress's Power to Investigate$$p324 000179216 97011 $$l3.10.$$tThe Tenth Amendment and Federalism as a Limit on Congressional Authority$$p326 000179216 97011 $$l3.11.$$tDelegation of Legislative Power and the Problems of the Administrative State$$p341 000179216 97011 $$l3.11.1.$$tThe Nondelegation Doctrine and Its Demise$$p341 000179216 97011 $$l3.11.2.$$tThe Legislative Veto$$p345 000179216 97011 $$l3.11.3.$$tDelegation of Executive Power to Congress and Its Officials$$p348 000179216 97001 $$lch. 4 $$tThe Federal Executive Power$$p351 000179216 97011 $$l4.1.$$tExpress and Inherent Presidential Powers$$p351 000179216 97011 $$l4.2.$$tAppointment and Removal Power$$p359 000179216 97011 $$l4.2.1.$$tThe Appointment Power$$p360 000179216 97011 $$l4.2.2.$$tThe Removal Power$$p366 000179216 97011 $$l4.3.$$tExecutive Privilege$$p372 000179216 97011 $$l4.4.$$tPresidential Immunity to Criminal and Civil Suits$$p378 000179216 97011 $$l4.5.$$tPardon Power$$p381 000179216 97011 $$l4.6.$$tForeign Policy$$p384 000179216 97011 $$l4.6.1.$$tAre Foreign Policy and Domestic Affairs Different?$$p384 000179216 97011 $$l4.6.2.$$tTreaties and Executive Agreements$$p386 000179216 97011 $$l4.6.3.$$tWar Powers$$p391 000179216 97011 $$l4.6.4.$$tPresidential Power and the War on Terrorism$$p394 000179216 97011 $$l4.7.$$tImpeachment and Removal from Office$$p403 000179216 97001 $$lch. 5 $$tLimits on State Regulatory and Taxing Power$$p409 000179216 97011 $$l5.1.$$tIntroduction$$p410 000179216 97011 $$l5.2.$$tPreemption of State and Local Laws$$p412 000179216 97011 $$l5.2.1.$$tIntroduction$$p412 000179216 97011 $$l5.2.2.$$tExpress Preemption of State Laws$$p416 000179216 97011 $$l5.2.3.$$t"Field Preemption"$$p422 000179216 97011 $$l5.2.4.$$tConflicts Between State and Federal Laws$$p431 000179216 97011 $$l5.2.5.$$tState Laws That Impede Achievement of Federal Objectives$$p435 000179216 97011 $$l5.2.6.$$tPreemption of State Taxation or Regulation of the Federal Government$$p441 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.$$tThe Dormant Commerce Clause$$p443 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.1.$$tWhat Is the Dormant Commerce Clause?$$p443 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.2.$$tShould There Be a Dormant Commerce Clause?$$p445 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.3.$$tAn Overview of the Dormant Commerce Clause$$p448 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.4.$$tThe Central Question: Is the State Discriminating Against Out-of-Stater0$$p455 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.5.$$tThe Analysis When a State Is Not Discriminating$$p461 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.6.$$tThe Analysis When a State Is Discriminating$$p468 000179216 97011 $$l5.3.7.$$tExceptions$$p473 000179216 97011 $$l5.4.$$tState Taxation of Interstate Commerce$$p478 000179216 97011 $$l5.4.1.$$tThe Test Used to Evaluate State Taxes of Interstate Commerce$$p478 000179216 97011 $$l5.4.2.$$tThe Requirement for a Substantial Nexus to the Taxing State$$p481 000179216 97011 $$l5.4.3.$$tThe Requirement for Fair Apportionment$$p483 000179216 97011 $$l5.4.4.$$tThe Prohibition of Discrimination Against Out-of-Staters$$p485 000179216 97011 $$l5.4.5.$$tThe Requirement for Fair Relationship to Services Provided by the State$$p489 000179216 97011 $$l5.5.$$tThe Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV, [§]2$$p490 000179216 97011 $$l5.5.1.$$tIntroduction$$p490 000179216 97011 $$l5.5.2.$$tWhat Are the "Privileges and Immunities" of Citizenship?$$p493 000179216 97011 $$l5.5.3.$$tWhat Is Sufficient Justification for Discrimination?$$p498 000179216 97001 $$lch. 6 $$tThe Structure of the Constitution's Protection of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties$$p501 000179216 97011 $$l6.1.$$tIntroduction$$p501 000179216 97011 $$l6.2.$$tTextual Provisions, Apart from the Bill of Rights, Protecting Individual Rights$$p503 000179216 97011 $$l6.2.1.$$tA Review of the Textual Provisions Protecting Rights$$p503 000179216 97011 $$l6.2.2.$$tThe Prohibition of Bills of Attainder$$p505 000179216 97011 $$l6.2.3.$$tThe Prohibition Against Ex Post Facto Laws$$p510 000179216 97011 $$l6.3.$$tThe Application of the Bill of Rights to the States$$p517 000179216 97011 $$l6.3.1.$$tThe Rejection of Application Before the Civil War$$p517 000179216 97011 $$l6.3.2.$$tA False Start: The Privileges or Immunities Clause and the Slaughter-House Cases$$p518 000179216 97011 $$l6.3.3.$$tThe Incorporation of the Bill of Rights into the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment$$p524 000179216 97011 $$l6.4.$$tThe Application of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties to Private Conduct: The State Action Doctrine$$p532 000179216 97011 $$l6.4.1.$$tThe Requirement for State Action$$p532 000179216 97011 $$l6.4.2.$$tWhy Have a State Action Requirement?$$p536 000179216 97011 $$l6.4.3.$$tIs It the Government?$$p539 000179216 97011 $$l6.4.4.$$tThe Exceptions to the State Action Doctrine$$p542 000179216 97011 $$l6.5.$$tThe Levels of Scrutiny$$p564 000179216 97001 $$lch. 7 $$tProcedural Due Process$$p569 000179216 97011 $$l7.1.$$tThe Distinction Between Procedural and Substantive Due Process$$p569 000179216 97011 $$l7.2.$$tWhat Is a "Deprivation"?$$p574 000179216 97011 $$l7.3.$$tIs It a Deprivation of "Life, Liberty, or Property"?$$p581 000179216 97011 $$l7.3.1.$$tThe "Rights-Privileges" Distinction and Its Demise$$p581 000179216 97011 $$l7.3.2.$$tDeprivations of "Property"$$p584 000179216 97011 $$l7.3.3.$$tDeprivations of "Liberty"$$p589 000179216 97011 $$l7.3.4.$$tDeprivations of "Life"$$p602 000179216 97011 $$l7.4.$$tWhat Procedures Are Required?$$p603 000179216 97011 $$l7.4.1.$$tWhen Is Procedural Due Process Required?$$p603 000179216 97011 $$l7.4.2.$$tWhat Is the Test for Determining What Process Is Due?$$p605 000179216 97011 $$l7.4.3.$$tThe Mathews v. Eldridge Test Applied$$p607 000179216 97001 $$lch. 8 $$tEconomic Liberties$$p633 000179216 97011 $$l8.1.$$tIntroduction$$p633 000179216 97011 $$l8.2.$$tEconomic Substantive Due Process$$p636 000179216 97011 $$l8.2.1.$$tEconomic Substantive Due Process During the Nineteenth Century$$p636 000179216 97011 $$l8.2.2.$$tEconomic Substantive Due Process During the Lochner Era$$p642 000179216 97011 $$l8.2.3.$$tEconomic Substantive Due Process Since 1937$$p649 000179216 97011 $$l8.3.$$tThe Contracts Clause$$p657 000179216 97011 $$l8.3.1.$$tIntroduction$$p657 000179216 97011 $$l8.3.2.$$tThe Contracts Clause Before 1934$$p659 000179216 97011 $$l8.3.3.$$tThe Contracts Clause Since 1934$$p662 000179216 97011 $$l8.4.$$tThe Takings Clause$$p667 000179216 97011 $$l8.4.1.$$tIntroduction$$p667 000179216 97011 $$l8.4.2.$$tWhat Is a "Taking"?$$p669 000179216 97011 $$l8.4.3.$$tWhat Is "Property"?$$p687 000179216 97011 $$l8.4.4.$$tWhat Is a Taking for "Public Use"?$$p691 000179216 97011 $$l8.4.5.$$tWhat Is the Requirement for "Just Compensation"?$$p693 000179216 97001 $$lch. 9 $$tEqual Protection$$p695 000179216 97011 $$l9.1.$$tIntroduction$$p696 000179216 97011 $$l9.1.1.$$tConstitutional Provisions Concerning Equal Protection$$p696 000179216 97011 $$l9.1.2.$$tA Framework for Equal Protection Analysis$$p697 000179216 97011 $$l9.2.$$tThe Rational Basis Test$$p706 000179216 97011 $$l9.2.1.$$tIntroduction$$p706 000179216 97011 $$l9.2.2.$$tThe Requirement for a "Legitimate Purpose"$$p709 000179216 97011 $$l9.2.3.$$tThe Requirement for a "Reasonable Relationship"$$p714 000179216 97011 $$l9.3.$$tClassifications Based on Race and National Origin$$p719 000179216 97011 $$l9.3.1.$$tRace Discrimination and Slavery Before the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments$$p720 000179216 97011 $$l9.3.2.$$tStrict Scrutiny for Discrimination Based on Race and National Origin$$p724 000179216 97011 $$l9.3.3.$$tProving the Existence of a Race or National Origin Classification$$p725 000179216 97011 $$l9.3.4.$$tRemedies: The Problem of School Segregation$$p751 000179216 97011 $$l9.3.5.$$tRacial Classifications Benefiting Minorities$$p764 000179216 97011 $$l9.4.$$tGender Classifications$$p783 000179216 97011 $$l9.4.1.$$tThe Level of Scrutiny$$p783 000179216 97011 $$l9.4.2.$$tProving the Existence of a Gender Classification$$p791 000179216 97011 $$l9.4.3.$$tGender Classifications Benefiting Women$$p793 000179216 97011 $$l9.5.$$tAlienage Classifications$$p800 000179216 97011 $$l9.5.1.$$tIntroduction$$p800 000179216 97011 $$l9.5.2.$$tStrict Scrutiny as the General Rule$$p802 000179216 97011 $$l9.5.3.$$tAlienage Classifications Related to Self-Government and the Democratic Process$$p805 000179216 97011 $$l9.5.4.$$tCongressionally Approved Discrimination$$p807 000179216 97011 $$l9.5.5.$$tUndocumented Aliens and Equal Protection$$p809 000179216 97011 $$l9.6.$$tDiscrimination Against Nonmarital Children$$p810 000179216 97011 $$l9.7.$$tOther Types of Discrimination: Rational Basis Review$$p815 000179216 97011 $$l9.7.1.$$tAge Classifications$$p816 000179216 97011 $$l9.7.2.$$tDiscrimination Based on Disability$$p817 000179216 97011 $$l9.7.3.$$tWealth Discrimination$$p819 000179216 97011 $$l9.7.4.$$tDiscrimination Based on Sexual Orientation$$p821 000179216 97001 $$lch. 10 $$tFundamental Rights$$p825 000179216 97011 $$l10.1.$$tIntroduction$$p826 000179216 97011 $$l10.1.1.$$tConstitutional Bases for Fundamental Rights$$p826 000179216 97011 $$l10.1.2.$$tFramework for Analyzing Fundamental Rights$$p828 000179216 97011 $$l10.2.$$tConstitutional Protection for Family Autonomy$$p832 000179216 97011 $$l10.2.1.$$tThe Right to Marry$$p832 000179216 97011 $$l10.2.2.$$tThe Right to Custody of One's Children$$p836 000179216 97011 $$l10.2.3.$$tThe Right to Keep the Family Together$$p840 000179216 97011 $$l10.2.4.$$tThe Right to Control Upbringing of Children$$p843 000179216 97011 $$l10.3.$$tConstitutional Protection for Reproductive Autonomy$$p848 000179216 97011 $$l10.3.1.$$tThe Right to Procreate$$p848 000179216 97011 $$l10.3.2.$$tThe Right to Purchase and Use Contraceptives$$p849 000179216 97011 $$l10.3.3.$$tThe Right to Abortion$$p853 000179216 97011 $$l10.4.$$tConstitutional Protection for Sexual Activity and Sexual Orientation$$p881 000179216 97011 $$l10.5.$$tConstitutional Protection for Medical Care Decisions$$p883 000179216 97011 $$l10.6.$$tConstitutional Protection for Control over Information$$p891 000179216 97011 $$l10.7.$$tConstitutional Protection for Travel$$p893 000179216 97011 $$l10.7.1.$$tThe Recognition of the Right to Travel as a Fundamental Right$$p894 000179216 97011 $$l10.7.2.$$tWhat Constitutes an Infringement of the Right to Travel?$$p897 000179216 97011 $$l10.7.3.$$tRestrictions on Foreign Travel$$p904 000179216 97011 $$l10.8.$$tConstitutional Protection for Voting$$p908 000179216 97011 $$l10.8.1.$$tThe Right to Vote as a Fundamental Right$$p908 000179216 97011 $$l10.8.2.$$tRestrictions on the Ability to Vote$$p909 000179216 97011 $$l10.8.3.$$tDilution of the Right to Vote$$p920 000179216 97011 $$l10.8.4.$$tInequalities in Counting Votes Within a State$$p928 000179216 97011 $$l10.8.5.$$tRacial Discrimination in Voting Rights$$p936 000179216 97011 $$l10.8.6.$$tRestrictions on Parties and Candidates$$p939 000179216 97011 $$l10.9.$$tConstitutional Protection for Access to Courts$$p946 000179216 97011 $$l10.10.$$tThe Second Amendment Right to Bear Arms$$p956 000179216 97011 $$l10.11.$$tConstitutional Protection for a Right to Education$$p960 000179216 97001 $$lch. 11 $$tFirst Amendment: Expression$$p965 000179216 97011 $$l11.1.$$tIntroduction$$p966 000179216 97011 $$l11.1.1.$$tHistorical Background$$p966 000179216 97011 $$l11.1.2.$$tWhy Should Freedom of Speech Be a Fundamental Rights$$p968 000179216 97011 $$l11.1.3.$$tThe Issues in Free Expression Analysis$$p975 000179216 97011 $$l11.2.$$tFree Speech Methodology$$p976 000179216 97011 $$l11.2.1.$$tThe Distinction Between Content-Based and Content-Neutral Laws$$p976 000179216 97011 $$l11.2.2.$$tVagueness and Overbreadth$$p987 000179216 97011 $$l11.2.3.$$tPrior Restraints$$p995 000179216 97011 $$l11.2.4.$$tWhat Is an Infringement of Freedom of Speech?$$p1015 000179216 97011 $$l11.2.5.$$tGovernment Speech$$p1035 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.$$tTypes of Unprotected and Less Protected Speech$$p1036 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.1.$$tIntroduction$$p1036 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.2.$$tIncitement of Illegal Activity$$p1038 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.3.$$tFighting Words, the Hostile Audience, and the Problem of Racist Speech$$p1052 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.4.$$tSexually Oriented Speech$$p1067 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.5.$$tReputation, Privacy, Publicity, and the First Amendment: Torts and the First Amendment$$p1097 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.6.$$tSymbolic Speech: Conduct That Communicates$$p1117 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.7.$$tCommercial Speech$$p1144 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.8.$$tSpeech of Government Employees$$p1169 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.9.$$tAttorneys' Speech$$p1180 000179216 97011 $$l11.3.10.$$tLabor Picketing and Protests$$p1183 000179216 97011 $$l11.4.$$tWhat Places Are Available for Speech?$$p1185 000179216 97011 $$l11.4.1.$$tIntroduction$$p1185 000179216 97011 $$l11.4.2.$$tGovernment Properties and Speech$$p1185 000179216 97011 $$l11.4.3.$$tPrivate Property and Speech$$p1210 000179216 97011 $$l11.4.4.$$tSpeech in Authoritarian Environments: Military, Prisons, and Schools$$p1211 000179216 97011 $$l11.5.$$tFreedom of Association$$p1221 000179216 97011 $$l11.5.1.$$tIntroduction$$p1221 000179216 97011 $$l11.5.2.$$tLaws Prohibiting or Punishing Membership$$p1222 000179216 97011 $$l11.5.3.$$tLaws Requiring Disclosure of Membership$$p1224 000179216 97011 $$l11.5.4.$$tLaws Prohibiting Discrimination$$p1227 000179216 97011 $$l11.6.$$tFreedom of the Press$$p1231 000179216 97011 $$l11.6.1.$$tIntroduction$$p1231 000179216 97011 $$l11.6.2.$$tFreedom of the Press as a Shield to Protect the Press from the Government$$p1232 000179216 97011 $$l11.6.3.$$tFreedom of the Press as a Sword to Gain Access to Government Places and Papers$$p1242 000179216 97001 $$lch. 12 $$tFirst Amendment: Religion$$p1247 000179216 97011 $$l12.1.$$tIntroduction$$p1247 000179216 97011 $$l12.1.1.$$tConstitutional Provisions Concerning Religion and the Tension Between Them$$p1247 000179216 97011 $$l12.1.2.$$tWhat Is Religion?$$p1253 000179216 97011 $$l12.2.$$tThe Establishment Clause$$p1258 000179216 97011 $$l12.2.1.$$tCompeting Theories of the Establishment Clause$$p1258 000179216 97011 $$l12.2.2.$$tGovernment Discrimination Among Religions$$p1266 000179216 97011 $$l12.2.3.$$tThe Lemon Test for the Establishment Clause$$p1268 000179216 97011 $$l12.2.4.$$tReligious Speech and the First Amendment$$p1273 000179216 97011 $$l12.2.5.$$tWhen Can Religion Become a Part of Government Activities?$$p1281 000179216 97011 $$l12.2.6.$$tWhen Can Government Give Aid to Religion?$$p1296 000179216 97011 $$l12.3.$$tThe Free Exercise Clause$$p1315 000179216 97011 $$l12.3.1.$$tIntroduction$$p1315 000179216 97011 $$l12.3.2.$$tChallenges to Laws Regulating or Burdening Religious Conduct$$p1318 000179216 97011 $$l12.3.3.$$tGovernment Involvement in Religious Disputes$$p1336 000179216 97001 $$tAppendix The Constitution of the United States of America$$p1339 000179216 97001 $$tTable of Cases$$p1357 000179216 97001 $$tIndex$$p1403 000179216 971__ $$d20150727 000179216 980__ $$aONSITE 000179216 980__ $$aBIB 000179216 998__ $$a3rd$$b2016-02-04$$ca$$dm$$e-$$feng$$gnyu$$h0$$i1