Just satisfaction under the European Convention on Human Rights / Octavian Ichim.
2015
KJC5138 .I24 2015 (Map It)
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Details
Title
Just satisfaction under the European Convention on Human Rights / Octavian Ichim.
Published
Cambridge, United Kingdom : Cambridge University Press, 2015.
Call Number
KJC5138 .I24 2015
ISBN
9781107072367 (hardback)
1107072360 (hardback)
1316191494
9781316191491
1107072360 (hardback)
1316191494
9781316191491
Description
xxxiv, 376 pages ; 24 cm
System Control No.
(OCoLC)880122562
Summary
"How effective is the European Court of Human Rights in dispensing justice? With over 17,000 judgments handed down, it is undoubtedly the most prolific international court but is it the most efficient when compensating the victims of a violation? This crucial but often overlooked question is the focus of this important new monograph which gives a clear, comprehensive and convincing demonstration of the negative impact, in terms of unpredictability and legal uncertainty, of the discretion used by the Court when it comes to the regime of reparation. It reveals the adverse influence of such a high discretion on the quality of its rulings - ultimately on the coherence of the system and on the Court's authority, and makes suggestions for improvement"-- Provided by publisher.
Note
Revision of author's thesis (doctoral - Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, Switzerland), 2012 --Verso of title page.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 351-364) and index.
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
xii
Table of cases
xiv
Table of treaties and declarations
xxxiii
1.
Introduction
1
1.1.
Scope of the study
1
1.2.
Methodology
4
1.3.
Preliminary remarks about the Convention system
6
1.4.
Evolution of the system of compensation
10
2.
Methods and principles of legal analysis
16
2.1.
Just satisfaction versus full reparation
18
2.2.
Causal link
24
2.3.
Restitutio in integrum
29
2.3.1.
Notion
29
2.3.2.
Limitations
35
2.3.3.
Appropriate or rather defective application by the Court?
38
2.4.
Equity
43
2.4.1.
Notion
44
2.4.2.
Practical use by the Court
46
2.5.
Different judges with different perspectives
52
3.
Conditions for the application of Article 41
57
3.1.
Novelty of the system: the right of individual petition
57
3.1.1.
Notion
57
3.1.2.
Evolution
58
3.1.3.
Effective use
61
3.2.
When does the Court award compensation?
64
3.2.1.
The finding of a violation
65
3.2.2.
The internal law of the respondent state allows only partial reparation
66
3.2.3.
An injured party
70
3.2.4.
Necessity to afford just satisfaction - is there a right to compensation?
75
3.3.
Who may claim compensation?
79
3.3.1.
Persons or groups of individuals
79
3.3.2.
Non-governmental organizations
84
3.3.3.
States
87
3.3.3.1.
Procedure
87
3.3.3.2.
Cases brought so far
90
3.3.3.3.
Concluding remarks
94
4.
Types of damage: understanding the Court's logic in determining the necessity of an award and in quantifying it in monetary terms
98
4.1.
Reparation for material damage
98
4.1.1.
Notion
98
4.1.2.
Damnum emergens
100
4.1.2.1.
Property cases
100
4.1.2.2.
Other cases
105
4.1.3.
Lucrum cessans
106
4.1.3.1.
Loss of profit or interest
107
4.1.3.2.
Loss of earnings
110
4.1.4.
Loss of opportunity
114
4.2.
The Court's discretion in respect of reparation for non-pecuniary damage
117
4.2.1.
Notion
117
4.2.2.
Method of calculation
121
4.2.3.
Monetary awards
126
4.2.3.1.
Deprivation of life
128
4.2.3.2.
Torture or inhuman or degrading treatment and deprivation of liberty
129
4.2.3.3.
Fair trial
131
4.2.3.4.
Private and family rights, and personal freedoms
132
4.2.3.5.
Protection of property
134
4.2.4.
Declaratory judgments
135
4.2.4.1.
Present practice
136
4.2.4.2.
Suitability of the approach
139
4.2.5.
Symbolic awards and profiles of victims
141
4.3.
Costs and expenses
145
4.3.1.
Criteria for making an award
146
4.3.2.
Reimbursement of domestic and Strasbourg costs and expenses
148
4.4.
Concluding remarks
155
4.4.1.
Some predictability in respect of awards for pecuniary damage
155
4.4.1.1.
Higher predictability for damnum emergens
156
4.4.1.2.
Lower predictability for lucrum cessans
156
4.4.2.
Large discretion as to awards for non-pecuniary damage
156
4.4.2.1.
The 'most expensive' violations
156
4.4.2.2.
Different standards for moral damage
159
4.4.3.
The middle way for awards in respect of costs and expenses
163
4.4.4.
Awards that denote some punitive character
164
4.4.4.1.
With respect to the breaching state
165
4.4.4.2.
With respect to the applicant
168
4.4.5.
Award of a lump sum - useful practice?
170
5.
Procedure and execution
173
5.1.
Compensation following the finding of a violation
173
5.1.1.
Procedural requirements when lodging a claim for compensation
174
5.1.2.
Is the question of just satisfaction ready for decision?
176
5.2.
Compensation when the state is willing to settle the dispute
179
5.2.1.
Friendly settlement
181
5.2.1.1.
Notion
181
5.2.1.2.
Evolution
183
5.2.1.3.
Terms of settlement
187
5.2.1.4.
Effects
191
5.2.2.
Unilateral declaration
193
5.2.3.
Concluding remarks
197
5.3.
Court recommendations with respect to execution
200
5.3.1.
Notion
200
5.3.2.
Evolution
203
5.3.3.
Individual measures
206
5.3.4.
General measures
212
5.3.5.
Role and justification
217
5.4.
The execution stage
221
5.4.1.
Supervision by the Committee of Ministers
221
5.4.2.
Time limit for execution and interest for belated payment
225
5.4.3.
Currency of the award
229
5.4.4.
Rights of creditors against an applicant who is a debtor
231
5.4.5.
Concluding remarks
233
6.
What future for just satisfaction?
235
6.1.
Need for explanation of the Court's quantification
235
6.2.
Should the Court act more like an international or more like a constitutional court?
239
6.2.1.
The basis of inquiry
239
6.2.2.
The pilot-judgment procedure: identification of systemic or structural problems
242
6.2.3.
Which way for the Court?
246
6.3.
Guarantees of non-repetition
251
6.4.
Just satisfaction division
256
6.5.
Rethinking the Convention system of reparation?
258
6.5.1.
The cause for concern
258
6.5.2.
Standardization
260
6.5.3.
A theory of equity
264
6.5.4.
Further developments
268
7.
Conclusions
271
Annexes
277
Bibliography
351
Index
365