Sentencing in the Netherlands : taking risk-related offender characteristics into account / S.G.C. van Wingerden.
2014
KKM4012 .W56 2014 (Map It)
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Details
Title
Sentencing in the Netherlands : taking risk-related offender characteristics into account / S.G.C. van Wingerden.
Published
The Hague : Eleven International Publishing, [2014]
Copyright
©2014
Call Number
KKM4012 .W56 2014
Former Call Number
Neth 875 W726 2014
ISBN
9789462364790
9462364796
9789462741621 (ebook)
946274162X (ebook)
9462364796
9789462741621 (ebook)
946274162X (ebook)
Description
ix, 171 pages ; 25 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)893899332
Note
Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral--Rijksuniversiteit te Leiden, 2014).
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references.
Series
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
1.
Introduction
1
1.1.
The daily business of sentencing
1
1.2.
Prior research
1
1.3.
The relevance of sentencing research
3
1.4.
Shifting sentencing goals: towards actuarial justice?
4
1.5.
Research questions
6
1.6.
Contributions to the existing sentencing literature
10
1.7.
Outline of this book
12
1.8.
References
17
2.
Offender's personal circumstances and punishment. Toward a more refined model for the explanation of sentencing disparities
23
2.1.
Introduction
23
2.2.
Understanding sentencing in the Netherlands: judges' discretionary powers
25
2.3.
Theoretical framework and prior research
26
2.3.1.
A new direction for focal concerns theory
26
2.3.2.
Demographic differences in sentencing and their origins
27
2.3.3.
Theoretical expectations
30
2.4.
Data and method
31
2.4.1.
Dataset
31
2.4.2.
Dependent variables
32
2.4.3.
Independent variables
33
2.4.4.
Methods
36
2.5.
Results
37
2.5.1.
Descriptive analyses
37
2.5.2.
Offender characteristics
40
2.5.3.
Offender's personal circumstances
42
2.5.4.
Change in effects of offender characteristics when personal circumstances are included
44
2.6.
Discussion
46
2.7.
Conclusion
49
2.8.
References
52
3.
Pre-sentence reports and punishment. A quasi-experiment assessing the effects of risk-based pre-sentence reports on sentencing
57
3.1.
Introduction
57
3.2.
From penal welfarism to actuarial justice: Changing tasks of probation agencies
58
3.3.
Pre-sentence reports in the Netherlands
59
3.4.
Risk-based pre-sentence reports: Framing the person of the offender
61
3.5.
Data and method
63
3.5.1.
Quasi-natural experiment
63
3.5.2.
Dataset
64
3.5.3.
Matching procedure
65
3.5.4.
Balancing tests
69
3.5.5.
Analytic approach
74
3.6.
Results
74
3.6.1.
Type of punishment
74
3.6.2.
Sentence length
76
3.7.
Discussion and conclusion
77
3.8.
References
79
4.
`Does he deserve another chance? Or have we had it with him?' Judges on the role of the risk of recidivism in sentencing
83
4.1.
Introduction
83
4.2.
The role of the risk of recidivism in sentencing in theory
85
4.3.
Prior research
87
4.4.
The role of the risk of recidivism according to the judges
88
4.4.1.
Estimates of the role of the risk of recidivism
88
4.4.2.
Influence of the risk of recidivism on sentencing
89
4.4.3.
In pursuit of hope for the offender
89
4.4.4.
Continuing the sentencing trend
90
4.5.
Conclusion
91
4.6.
References
93
5.
Sentencing homicide offenders in the Netherlands. Offender, victim, and situational influences in criminal punishment
95
5.1.
Introduction
95
5.2.
Criminal justice in the United States and the Netherlands
97
5.3.
Research on homicide sentencing
99
5.4.
Theoretical perspectives on homicide sentencing
101
5.5.
Theoretical expectations
102
5.6.
Data and method
106
5.6.1.
Dependent variables
107
5.6.2.
Independent variables
108
5.7.
Results
110
5.7.1.
Descriptive analyses
110
5.7.2.
Multivariate analyses -- main effects
114
5.7.3.
Multivariate analyses -- interaction effects
117
5.7.4.
Explained variance
118
5.8.
Discussion
119
5.9.
Conclusion
123
5.10.
References
124
6.
There's more to sentencing than imprisonment. The effects of offender characteristics on multifarious sentencing outcomes
129
6.1.
Introduction
129
6.2.
Earlier sentencing studies
131
6.3.
Method
134
6.4.
Data
136
6.5.
Results
138
6.5.1.
Sentencing effects of offender characteristics on incarceration and other sanctions
138
6.5.2.
Sentencing effects of offender characteristics; unsuspended prison sentences compared with the totality of sanctions
141
6.6.
Conclusion
142
6.7.
Discussion
143
6.8.
References
145
7.
Summary and general discussion
151
7.1.
Summary
151
7.1.1.
Introduction
151
7.1.2.
Effects of offender characteristics and the intermediating effects of risk-related offender circumstances
151
7.1.3.
Effects of structured risk-based pre-sentence reports on sentencing
152
7.1.4.
Judges' views on the risk of reoffending as a sentencing determinant
154
7.1.5.
Factors related to sentencing homicide offenders
155
7.1.6.
Why sentencing research should consider alternative, more complete measures of sentence severity
156
7.2.
General discussion
158
7.2.1.
Taking the offender's characteristics and risk-related social circumstances into account
158
7.2.2.
Theoretical and practical implications
161
7.2.3.
Methodological considerations and suggestions for future research
165
7.3.
References
168