Children's rights in intercountry adoption : a European perspective / Claire Fenton-Glynn.
2014
KJC1212 .F46 2014 (Map It)
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Details
Author
Title
Children's rights in intercountry adoption : a European perspective / Claire Fenton-Glynn.
Published
Cambridge ; Antwerp ; Portland : Intersentia, [2014]
Copyright
©2014
Call Number
KJC1212 .F46 2014
ISBN
9781780682280 (paperback)
178068228X (paperback)
178068228X (paperback)
Description
xvi, 251 pages ; 24 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)893898237
Note
Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--University of Cambridge, 2013.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 223-245) and index.
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
vii
Table of Cases
xiii
ch. 1
Introduction
1
1.1.
The Importance of Europe
6
1.2.
Structure of the Book
7
ch. 2
Combating Abuses: International and Regional Regulation
11
2.1.
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
12
2.2.
Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Co-operation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption
16
2.3.
Revised European Convention on the Adoption of Children 2008
18
2.4.
Proposing Normative Guidelines
18
ch. 3
Intercountry Adoption and the Domestic Child Welfare System: The Principle of Subsidiarity
21
3.1.
Subsidiarity in Practice: Waiting Periods and Necessary Conditions
22
3.2.
Continuity of Culture, Language, Religion and Ethnicity
30
3.3.
The Place of Domestic Alternatives
34
3.3.1.
Institutional Care: Can It Ever be Appropriate?
35
3.3.2.
Foster Care: Alternative or Smoke-Screen?
41
3.4.
Impact of Intercountry Adoption on the Domestic Child Welfare System
43
3.4.1.
Sending Countries
43
3.4.2.
Receiving Countries
47
3.5.
Conclusion
48
ch. 4
Consenting Adults: Giving and Receiving Consent to Adoption
51
4.1.
Consent by the Birth Mother
53
4.1.1.
How Soon Is Too Soon? The Timing of a Mother's Consent and its Revocation
54
4.1.2.
Promoting Assistance during the Adoption Process
60
4.1.3.
Conclusion
65
4.2.
Consent by the Father
66
4.2.1.
The Importance of Establishing Paternity
66
4.2.2.
Who Is Required to Give Consent to an Adoption Order?
67
4.2.3.
Establishing Paternity: Registration, Acknowledgement and Court Order
72
4.2.4.
Identifying the Father: Investigation and Determination
75
4.3.
Conclusion
80
ch. 5
Buying Babies: The Inducement of Consent
81
5.1.
International Instruments
81
5.2.
Elements of Consent
83
5.2.1.
"Free" Consent
83
5.2.2.
Is Consent Ever Free?
86
5.3.
Payments and Compensation
89
5.4.
Improper Financial Gain in Adoption
95
5.4.1.
"Approved Non-Accredited Bodies"
99
5.4.2.
Independent and Private Adoption
100
5.5.
Conclusion
103
ch. 6
Compulsory Adoption: Adoption Without Consent
105
6.1.
Loss of Parental Rights and Parental Misconduct
106
6.2.
Overriding a Refusal to Consent
108
6.3.
Abandonment, Lack of Contact and Disinterest
110
6.4.
Legal Assistance to Parents
113
6.5.
Conclusion
114
ch. 7
Child Participation: Autonomy and Protection
117
7.1.
International Instruments
118
7.2.
Adoption in Europe
121
7.3.
Autonomous Decision-Making
122
7.3.1.
Strict Age Limits
122
7.3.2.
Age Limits with Exceptions for Capable Children
126
7.3.3.
Age Limits with Exceptions for Best Interests
127
7.3.4.
No Age Limit or Laws on Consent
128
7.3.5.
European Convention on Human Rights
130
7.4.
Participation of Younger Children
133
7.5.
Participation and the Protection of the Child's Welfare
139
7.6.
Conclusion
145
ch. 8
Adoptive Parents: Eligibility, Preparation, and Support
147
8.1.
Adoptive Parents and the Rights of Children: Complementary or Contradictory?
148
8.1.1.
Intercountry Adoption: An Emerging Market
148
8.1.2.
A Right to a Child?
151
8.2.
Qualifications of Adoptive Parents
154
8.2.1.
International Instruments
154
8.2.2.
The Age of Adopters: How Old Is Too Old?
155
8.2.3.
Marital Status: Single Adoption
163
8.2.4.
Marital Status: Unmarried Couples
166
8.2.5.
Adoption by Same-Sex Couples: Changing Social Perceptions?
169
8.2.6.
Conclusion
172
8.3.
Facilitating the Adoption: Counselling, Contact, Monitoring and Support
172
8.3.1.
Counselling of Prospective Adoptive Parents
173
8.3.2.
Establishing a Pre-Adoption Relationship
177
8.3.3.
Post-Adoption Services
179
8.4.
Conclusion
183
ch. 9
Who Am I? The Child's Right to Identity
185
9.1.
International Instruments
185
9.1.1.
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
185
9.1.2.
Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption
188
9.1.3.
Revised European Convention on the Adoption of Children
189
9.2.
The Right to Access Information?
190
9.2.1.
Why Is Access to Information Important for a Child?
190
9.2.2.
The Child's Access to Information in Europe
191
9.3.
Secrecy and Birth Parents
197
9.3.1.
Must Information Be Recorded?
197
9.3.2.
Balancing the Rights of Biological Parents and Children
207
9.4.
Conclusion
210
ch. 10
Conclusion
211
List of Legislation
217
Literature
223
Index
247