Principles of patent law : cases and materials / by F. Scott Kieff, Pauline Newman, Herbert F. Schwartz, Henry E. Smith.
2011
KF3114 .P75 2011 (Map It)
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Title
Principles of patent law : cases and materials / by F. Scott Kieff, Pauline Newman, Herbert F. Schwartz, Henry E. Smith.
Published
New York, NY : Foundation Press Thomson/West, 2011.
Call Number
KF3114 .P75 2011
Edition
Fifth edition.
ISBN
9781599416502 (hbk.)
1599416506 (hbk.)
1599416506 (hbk.)
Description
liii, 1,383 pages : illustrations ; 27 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)729344160
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Series
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
Foreword
iii
Preface to the Fifth Edition
vii
Acknowledgment
ix
Table of Side Bars
xi
Table of Cases
xxv
Table of Other Authorities
xlv
ch. One
Origins and Policies
1
Introduction
1
A.
A History of Patent Law
6
1.
The Classical Period
6
2.
European Origins
9
a.
The Italian Renaissance
9
b.
English Patent Policy and the Statute of Monopolies
13
3.
The American Experience
15
4.
The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
26
B.
Philosophy of Patent Law
39
1.
Lockean Labor Theory and Natural Rights
39
2.
Utilitarian Theory
50
C.
Economics of Patent Law
55
1.
A Comparison of Patent and Monopoly Economics
56
2.
A Comparison of Patent and Monopoly Microeconomics
58
3.
An Overview of Patent Economics
62
4.
Economic Theories Underlying the American Patent System
66
a.
Incentive to Invent
66
b.
Incentive to Disclose
68
c.
Incentive to Commercialize
68
d.
Incentive to Design Around
71
ch. Two
Obtaining the Patent Grant
72
Introduction
72
A.
The Patent Application and Issued Patent
80
1.
The Written Description
83
a.
Background of the Invention
83
b.
Summary of the Invention
85
c.
Detailed Description of the Invention
86
d.
The Drawings
90
2.
The Claims
90
a.
Composition Claims
92
b.
Process Claims
92
c.
Apparatus Claims
94
d.
Product---By---Process Claims
94
e.
Means---Plus---Function Claims
95
B.
Procedures Before the Patent and Trademark Office
102
1.
Initial Processing of the Application
102
2.
Examination and Prosecution
103
a.
Formalities and Search by the Examiner
103
b.
Office Action
105
c.
Applicant's Response
106
d.
Reconsideration and Allowance
106
e.
Responses to a Final Office Action
107
f.
Publication
109
1.
Exceptions to Publication
110
2.
Protest Prohibited---Public Submission of Prior Art
112
3.
Prior Art Effect
112
4.
Provisional Compensation Right
113
g.
Post---Allowance Activity
115
h.
Foreign Priority
118
3.
Appeals to the Courts
129
C.
Post---Issuance Procedures
130
1.
Reissue
130
a.
Underlying Policies of Reissue
131
Topliff v. Topliff
131
b.
Intervening Rights
134
Seattle Box Company, Inc. v. Industrial Crating & Packing, Inc. (Seattle Box I)
134
Seattle Box Company, Inc. v. Industrial Crating and Packing Inc. (Seattle Box II)
139
c.
Recapture
146
Mentor Corporation v. Coloplast, Inc.
146
2.
Reexamination
150
ch. Three
Disclosure Requirements
154
Introduction
154
A.
Enablement
155
1.
Historical and Policy Underpinnings
155
O'Reilly v. Morse
156
2.
State of the Art at Time of Filing, Undue Experimentation, and Claim Scope
168
In re Glass
168
In re Hogan
175
B.
Best Mode
186
1.
Subjective Inventor Preference on Filing Date
186
Glaxo Inc. v. Novopharm Ltd.
186
2.
Adequate Disclosure
198
Great Northern Corp. v. Henry Molded Products, Inc.
198
C.
Written Description
203
Vas---Cath Inc. v. Mahurkar
204
Fujikawa v. Wattanasin
224
D.
Definiteness: Particularly Pointing Out and Distinctly Claiming
228
Athletic Alternatives, Inc. v. Prince Mfg., Inc.
229
E.
Complex Technologies---Biotechnology
243
In re Wands
244
In re O'Farrell
255
Amgen, Inc. v. Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
260
Fiers v. Revel
271
ch. Four
Novelty and Loss of Right
289
Introduction
289
A.
Timely Application---Loss of Right
293
1.
Historical and Policy Underpinnings
293
Pennock v. Dialogue
293
2.
Public Use
307
Egbert v. Lippmann
307
Metallizing Engineering Co. v. Kenyon Bearing & Auto Parts Co.
310
3.
Experimental Use
314
City of Elizabeth v. American Nicholson Pavement Company
315
Lough v. Brunswick Corporation
318
4.
On---Sale Bar
328
Pfaff v. Wells Electronics
328
5.
Third---Party Activity
354
Lorenz v. Colgate---Palmolive---Peet Co.
355
Baxter International, Inc. v. COBE Laboratories, Inc.
358
6.
Foreign Activity as a Statutory Bar
366
In re Kathawala
366
B.
Novelty
371
1.
Proving Date of Invention
372
Mahurkar v. C.R. Bard, Inc.
372
2.
Identity of Invention and Anticipatory Enablement
379
In re Paulsen
379
3.
"Known or Used"
385
Gayler v. Wilder
385
Rosaire v. Baroid Sales Division
388
4.
"Described in a Printed Publication"
401
In re Hall
401
In re Cronyn
404
5.
"Patented"
409
In re Carlson
409
6.
"Secret" Prior Art---[§] 102(e)
415
Alexander Milburn Co. v. Davis---Bournonville Co.
415
7.
"Secret" Prior Art---[§] 102(g)
419
Thomson, S.A. v. Quixote Corp.
419
8.
Using Foreign Priority For Prior Art Purposes Under [§][§] 102(e) and (g)
428
In re Hilmer (Hilmer I)
429
In re Hilmer (Hilmer II)
435
9.
Derivation---[§] 102(f)
440
Gambro Lundia AB v. Baxter Healthcare Corp.
440
10.
Priority---[§] 102(g)
445
a.
Conception
445
Fiers v. Revel
446
Burroughs Wellcome Co. v. Barr Laboratories, Inc.
449
b.
Reduction to Practice
464
DSL Dynamic Sciences Limited v. Union Switch & Signal, Inc.
464
c.
Abandonment, Suppression, and Concealment
470
Fujikawa v. Wattanasin
471
ch. Five
Nonobviousness
497
Introduction
497
A.
The Graham Framework
502
Graham v. John Deere Co.
502
United States v. Adams
523
B.
The Scope of the Prior Art
538
1.
Analogous v. Non---Analogous Art
538
In re Clay
538
In re Paulsen
541
2.
[§] 102/103 Prior Art
544
a.
[§] 102(e)/103 Prior Art
544
Hazeltine Research, Inc. v. Brenner
544
b.
[§] 102(g)/103 Prior Art
546
In re Bass
547
c.
[§] 102(f)/103 Prior Art
561
OddzOn Products, Inc. v. Just Toys, Inc.
561
C.
The Content of the Prior Art
567
McGinley v. Franklin Sports, Inc.
567
D.
Just Who is this Person Having Ordinary Skill in the Art?
582
KSR v. Teleflex
587
E.
Secondary Considerations
597
1.
Commercial Success
598
Pentec, Inc. v. Graphic Controls Corp.
598
2.
Long---Felt Need and Failure of Others
604
3.
Copying
606
4.
Licensing/Acquiescence
607
F.
Complex Technologies
615
1.
Chemical Inventions
616
a.
Structural Similarity and the Presumption of Obviousness
616
In re Wright
616
In re Dillon
620
b.
Unexpected Properties as Evidence of Nonobviousness
636
In re Soni
636
2.
Biotechnology Inventions
648
Amgen, Inc. v. Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
649
In re Deuel
654
3.
Biotechnology Processes---Methods of Making and Methods of Using a New Product
666
In re Durden
666
In re Pleuddemann
669
a.
Congress Responds to Durden
674
b.
The Federal Circuit Steps Back From Durden
676
In re Ochiai
676
ch. Six
Utility
689
Introduction
689
A.
The Utility Doctrine in Historical Context
690
Brenner v. Manson
690
B.
A Modern Approach to Utility
696
In re Brana
696
ch. Seven
Statutory Subject Matter
728
Introduction
728
A.
Biotechnology---Related Inventions
732
Diamond v. Chakrabarty
732
B.
Computer---Related Inventions and Business Methods
763
Gottschalk v. Benson
763
Diamond v. Diehr
772
State Street Bank and Trust Co. v. Signature Financial Group, Inc.
785
Bilski v. Kappos
794
ch. Eight
Infringement
817
Introduction
817
A.
Claim Interpretation
824
1.
Procedure: Judge, Jury, and Appellate Review
830
Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc. (Markman II)
831
2.
Procedure: Interpretive Approaches and Evidentiary Sources
844
Vitronics Corp. v. Conceptronic, Inc.
847
B.
The Doctrine of Equivalents and Prosecution History Estoppel
865
1.
The Doctrine of Equivalents
865
Graver Tank v. Linde Air Prods. Co.
868
Warner---Jenkinson Company, Inc. v. Hilton Davis Chemical Co.
875
2.
Prosecution History Estoppel
896
Festo Corporation v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., Ltd.
898
C.
Infringement of Means Plus Function Claims---35 U.S.C. [§] 112, [¶] 6
917
Al---Site Corporation v. VSI International, Inc.
917
D.
Indirect Infringement
929
1.
Active Inducement
929
Hewlett---Packard Company v. Bausch & Lomb, Inc.
929
2.
Contributory Infringement
936
C.R. Bard, Inc. v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
936
E.
Geographic Scope of the Patent Grant and Foreign Activity
941
1.
Foreign Activity and Export Control---[§] 271(f)
941
2.
Foreign Activity and Import Control---[§] 271(g)
945
Eli Lilly and Company v. American Cyanamid Company
946
F.
Complex Technologies---Chemical Inventions
957
Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc. v. Lubrizol Corp.
957
ch. Nine
Defenses and Limitations
1000
Introduction
1000
A.
Inequitable Conduct
1010
1.
Intent
1011
Kingsdown Med. Consultants, Ltd. v. Hollister, Inc.
1011
2.
Materiality
1020
Critikon Inc. v. Becton Dickinson Vascular Access Inc.
1020
B.
Misuse and [§] 271(d)
1028
Dawson Chemical v. Rohm and Haas
1029
C.
Antitrust
1061
Nobelpharma AB v. Implant Innovations, Inc.
1061
D.
The Doctrines of First Sale, Implied License, and Repair/Reconstruction
1080
Husky Injection Molding Systems Ltd. v. R & D Tool & Engineering Co.
1097
Mallinckrodt v. Medipart
1107
E.
Preemption as a Limitation on Patentees
1115
1.
The Basics of Preemption
1115
Cover v. Sea Gull Lighting
1115
2.
Unfair Competition Law
1130
Bonito Boats v. Thunder Craft Boats
1130
3.
Trade Secret Law
1144
Kewanee Oil Co. v. Bicron
1144
F.
Other Limitations on Contractual Provisions
1156
1.
The Licensee's Right to Challenge the Validity of a Patent
1157
Lear, Inc. v. Adkins
1157
2.
Post---Expiration Royalties and Restraints
1166
Brulotte v. Thys Co.
1166
Aronson v. Quick Point Pencil Co.
1173
G.
Inventorship and Ownership
1180
Ethicon, Inc. v. United States Surgical Corp.
1180
H.
First Inventor Defense---35 U.S.C. [§] 273
1204
I.
Experimental Use---35 U.S.C. [§] 271(e)
1211
1.
Roche v. Bolar and Congress' Response
1211
2.
The [§] 271(e)(1) Exemption and "Reasonably Related" Uses
1213
3.
Infringement Under [§] 271(e)(2)
1216
4.
Patent Term Extension
1220
J.
Governmental Immunity
1227
1.
Federal Government---28 U.S.C. [§] 1498
1227
2.
State Government---11th Amendment and [§] 271(h)
1229
ch. Ten
Remedies
1234
Introduction
1234
A.
Remedies That Compensate for Past Infringement: Money & Interest
1235
1.
Money Damages
1235
a.
An Overview of Money Damages
1236
b.
Lost Profits
1237
i.
What Would the Infringer's Customers Have Done?
1237
BIC Leisure Products, Inc. v. Windsurfing International, Inc.
1237
ii.
What Would the Patent Owner Have Done?
1243
Crystal Semiconductor Corporation v. TriTech Microelectronics Int'l, Inc.
1244
iii.
What Else Would the Infringer Have Done?
1250
Grain Processing Corp. v. American Maize---Products Co.
1250
c.
Reasonable Royalty
1259
Promega Corp. v. Lifecodes Corp.
1259
d.
Limitations on Awarding Money Damages
1270
i.
Foreseeability
1270
Rite---Hite Corp. v. Kelley Co., Inc.
1270
ii.
The Entire---Market---Value Rule
1279
Lucent Technologies Inc. v. Gateway, Inc.
1280
iv.
The Six---Year Rule---35 U.S.C. [§] 286
1283
iv.
Laches
1283
v.
The Notice Requirement---35 U.S.C. [§] 287(a)
1284
John L. Rie, Inc. v. Shelly Bros., Inc.
1284
2.
Compensation For Delayed Payment---Interest
1287
a.
A History of Prejudgment Interest
1287
b.
Calculating Prejudgment Interest
1288
i.
The Principal Amount
1288
ii.
Selecting The Rate
1289
iii.
Accrual Method
1291
B.
Remedies That Prevent or Deter Future Infringement: Injunctions, Punitive Damages & Attorneys Fees
1292
1.
Injunctions
1292
a.
Permanent Injunctions
1293
eBay Inc. v. MercExchange, LLC
1294
Paice LLC v. Toyota Motor Corp.
1299
b.
Preliminary Injunctions
1304
Sanofi---Synthelabo v. Apotex, Inc.
1305
i.
Who Cannot Be Enjoined
1316
ii.
Stay of Injunction Pending Appeal
1317
Polaroid Corp. v. Eastman Kodak Co.
1317
TiVo, Inc. v. EchoStar Communications Corp.
1320
2.
Punitive Damages
1321
In re Seagate Technology, LLC
1322
3.
Attorney Fees
1335
a.
The Exceptional---Case Requirement
1336
b.
The Reasonable---Fee Requirement
1337
c.
The Prevailing---Party Requirement
1338
d.
The Court's Discretion
1338
e.
Vexatious and Bad Faith Litigation
1338
Index
1341