The draft Common European Sales Law : towards an alternative sales law? : a Belgian perspective / Ignace Claeys, Régine Feltkamp (editors).
2013
KJC2096.A6 D73 2013 (Map It)
On loan from Cellar, due 22. Dec 2025
Formats
| Format | |
|---|---|
| BibTeX | |
| MARCXML | |
| TextMARC | |
| MARC | |
| DublinCore | |
| EndNote | |
| NLM | |
| RefWorks | |
| RIS |
Items
Details
Title
The draft Common European Sales Law : towards an alternative sales law? : a Belgian perspective / Ignace Claeys, Régine Feltkamp (editors).
Published
Cambridge [England] ; Antwerp [Belgium] ; Portland [Oregon] : Intersentia, [2013]
Distributed
Portland, OR : Distribution for the USA and Canada, International Specialized Book Services
Copyright
©2013
Call Number
KJC2096.A6 D73 2013
ISBN
9781780681801
1780681801
1780681801
Description
xix, 336 pages ; 25 cm
System Control No.
(OCoLC)863193052
Note
"The Centre for Law of Obligations of the University of Ghent and the Research Unit Business & Contracts of the Free University of Brussels ... organized on 14 September 2012 an academic conference where the content of the different provisions of the CESL were thoroughly and critically examined from particuliarly a Belgian law perspective. The in-depth analyses of the experts are bundled in this publication"--Page vi.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
Foreword
v
List of common abbreviations
xvii
List of contributors
xix
How to opt into the Common European Sales Law? Brief comments on the Commission's proposal for a regulation / Martijn W. Hesselink
1
1.
Introduction
1
2.
A second national regime
2
2.1.
Opting into the CESL [≠] a choice of law
2
2.2.
Implications for B2C: Article 6 Rome I Regulation
4
2.3.
Implications for B2B: the CISG
4
2.4.
Substantive scope and multi-level contract law
6
2.5.
A hybrid: common European and second national sales law
7
2.6.
Common sales law, legal education and a common European legal space
8
2.7.
To use the law
9
3.
Agreement
11
3.1.
Optional nature
11
3.2.
B2B: implied and partial choice permitted
11
3.3.
B2C: explicit choice required, no cherry picking
11
3.4.
Time of agreement
12
4.
Standard Information Notice
12
4.1.
Does information protect consumers?
12
4.2.
An ill-considered sanction
14
5.
Conclusion
15
CESL tools: issues settled, matters addressed, rules, principles, objectives and all its provisions / Ignace Claeys
17
1.
Review of four basic drafting choices of the Commission
18
1.1.
The lifecycle of a contract as a structuring model
19
1.2.
A blend of rules for B2B and B2C
20
1.3.
Not limited to sales contracts
21
1.4.
Not limited to default rules
24
2.
Matters covered and matters not covered by the CESL
26
3.
Tools for interpreting and supplementing the CESL
32
3.1.
Underlying objectives
33
3.2.
Underlying principles
33
3.2.1.
Freedom of contract
34
3.2.2.
The duty to act in accordance with good faith and fair dealing
34
3.2.3.
Obligation to co-operate
38
3.2.4.
Fundamental rights and principles of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
38
3.2.5.
Reasonableness
39
3.2.6.
Freedom of form
40
3.2.7.
Reliance
40
4.
To conclude: a spill-over effect of the CESL on national law?
41
Pre-contractual information in the proposal for a Common European Sales Law / Stijn Reniers
43
1.
Introduction
43
2.
Pre-contractual information duties in Belgian law: some brief notes
45
2.1.
Introduction
45
2.2.
Pre-contractual information in the general law of obligations
45
2.3.
Some specific regimes
46
2.3.1.
The Market Practices and Consumer Protection Act
46
2.3.2.
The E-Commerce Act
48
2.3.3.
Some other specific examples
49
3.
Pre-contractual information duties in the CESL
49
3.1.
Introduction
49
3.2.
Some rules applicable to all agreements relevant for pre-contractual information
52
3.2.1.
Good faith and fair dealing(?)
52
3.2.2.
Duty to ensure that the information supplied is correct and not misleading
54
3.2.3.
Duty to raise awareness of contract terms not individually negotiated
55
3.2.4.
Contract terms derived from pre-contractual statements
55
3.3.
Pre-contractual information in B2C contracts
56
3.3.1.
General framework
56
3.3.2.
All B2C contracts: Standard Information Notice
56
3.3.3.
All B2C contracts, other than distance and off-premises contracts
58
3.3.4.
Distance contracts and off-premises contracts
60
3.3.5.
Specific rules regarding distance contracts
62
3.3.6.
Specific rules regarding off-premises contracts
63
3.4.
Pre-contractual information in B2B contracts
64
3.5.
Contracts concluded by electronic means
66
3.6.
Remedies
68
4.
The interaction between the CESL and national law in the pre-contractual phase: vigilance required
70
5.
Conclusion
72
Unaware of any evil: breath-taking, simply breath-taking -- Articles 30--39 and 48--57 of the CESL / Ludo Cornelis
75
1.
Introduction
75
2.
Disappointing and misleading principles and objectives have been set
76
3.
Everything is possible and nothing is required (Arts. 30--39 CESL)
84
4.
How to come to an agreement
87
5.
`The battle of the forms'
93
6.
The mainstay of obligations: their content
96
7.
Defective expressions of will
99
7.1.
Background
99
7.2.
Mistake
100
7.3.
Fraud
103
7.4.
Loopholes in mistake and fraud
105
7.5.
Threats
108
7.6.
Unfair exploitation
110
8.
Conclusion
111
The right of withdrawal and unfair contract terms under the Proposal for a Common European Sales Law / Reinhard Steennot
115
1.
Introduction
115
2.
Optional nature of the CESL
116
3.
The scope of the CESL is limited to certain contracts
117
4.
Right of withdrawal
118
4.1.
Scope of application of the right of withdrawal
120
4.1.1.
Personal scope of application
120
4.1.2.
Material scope of application
122
4.1.2.1.
Distance contracts
122
4.1.2.2.
Off-Premises contracts
123
4.1.2.3.
Justification of the existence of a right of withdrawal
125
4.1.2.4.
Contracts excluded from the right of withdrawal
126
4.2.
Withdrawal period
128
4.3.
Information on the right of withdrawal
130
4.4.
Exercise of the right of withdrawal
132
4.5.
Effects of the exercise of the right of withdrawal
133
4.5.1.
Obligations on the part of the trader
133
4.5.2.
Obligations on the part of the consumer
134
4.6.
Ancillary contracts
138
4.7.
Conclusion as regards the right of withdrawal
138
5.
Unfair contract terms
139
5.1.
Unfair contract terms in contracts between traders and consumers
140
5.1.1.
The black and the grey list of unfair terms
141
5.1.1.1.
Identical and similar prohibitions
141
5.1.1.2.
Broader prohibitions
143
5.1.1.3.
New prohibitions
144
5.1.1.4.
Missing prohibition
145
5.1.2.
Other unfair contract terms
145
5.1.3.
Exclusions from the unfairness test
147
5.1.4.
Impact of the Consumer's choice to apply CESL on its protection
147
5.1.4.1.
Private international law
148
5.1.4.2.
Role of private international law once the CESL has been chosen
149
5.1.4.3.
Evaluation
150
5.2.
Unfair contract terms in contracts between traders
151
5.3.
Effects of unfair contract terms
152
6.
Conclusion
153
Duties of buyer and seller. Transfer of risk / Ralph De Wit
155
1.
Introduction
155
2.
Brief overview of the parties' duties in Belgian sales law
157
3.
The Seller's duties in the CESL
161
3.1.
Overview
161
3.2.
Place of delivery
164
3.3.
Method of delivery
166
3.4.
Time for delivery
167
3.5.
Carriage of the goods
168
3.6.
Buyer's refusal to accept
168
4.
Conformity of the goods and digital content
169
4.1.
Principle
169
4.2.
Specific rules on conformity with regard to consumers
170
4.3.
Criteria for conformity
170
4.4.
Incorrect installation under a consumer sales contract
171
4.5.
Third party rights or claims
171
4.6.
Time to test conformity
172
5.
The Buyer's duties under the CESL
173
5.1.
Overview
173
5.2.
Method of payment
174
5.3.
Place of payment
174
5.4.
Time for payment
175
5.5.
Payment by third party
175
5.6.
Imputation of payment
176
5.7.
Reception of the goods
176
6.
Transfer of risk
178
6.1.
General
178
6.2.
Consumer sales
179
6.3.
Commercial sales
181
7.
Conclusion
184
Remedies under the optional Common European Sales Law -- a good alternative for Belgian sales law? / Frederic Vanbossele
185
1.
Introduction
185
2.
General characteristics of the Cesl's remedies regime
188
2.1.
One legal framework for remedies
188
2.2.
Autonomous and self-standing instrument
195
3.
Construction of the remedies regime
198
3.1.
General
198
3.2.
Non-performance as a key triggering event for remedies
199
3.2.1.
Notion
199
3.2.2.
Limitations on non-performance as a triggering event
206
4.
Remedies of the buyer / customer
215
4.1.
General
215
4.2.
Suspension or loss of Buyer's remedies
222
4.2.1.
Seller's right to cure
222
4.2.2.
Limitation in the event of non-conformity
225
4.2.3.
Remedies under CESL
230
4.2.3.1.
Requiring performance
230
4.2.3.2.
Withholding performance of the Buyer's obligation
233
4.2.3.3.
Termination for non-performance
234
4.2.3.4.
Price reduction
239
4.2.3.5.
Compensation for damage
240
5.
Remedies of the seller / service provider
244
5.1.
General
244
5.2.
Remedies
246
5.2.1.
Requiring performance of the Buyer's obligations
246
5.2.2.
Right to withhold performance
247
5.2.3.
Termination
247
5.2.4.
Interest and damages
250
6.
Conclusion
250
Damages and interest under the CESL proposal: not too different from Belgian law / Joke Baeck
255
1.
Scope of Chapter 16 CESL
255
2.
Requirements for damages
256
2.1.
Non-performance
256
2.2.
Loss
257
2.3.
Causation
258
2.4.
Excused non-performance
260
2.5.
Not required: notice of the non-performance
261
3.
Measuring damages
262
3.1.
General measure
262
3.2.
Specific guidelines (when the creditor has terminated the contract)
263
3.2.1.
Substitute transaction
263
3.2.2.
No substitute transaction
264
3.3.
No provisions on penalty clauses
265
4.
Contributory negligence
265
5.
Mitigation of loss
267
6.
Late payments
268
5.1.
Late payments by consumers
269
5.2.
Late payments by traders
272
5.2.1.
Late payment of the contract price
272
5.2.2.
Late payment of a sum of money other than the contract price
277
7.
Conclusions and recommendations
278
Restitution under the CESL proposal: to be revised... / Joke Baeck
281
1.
The basic principles of the restitution regime
282
2.
The restitution rules in detail
283
2.1.
Restitution of goods
283
2.1.1.
Restitution in kind is possible
284
2.1.2.
Restitution in kind is no longer possible
284
2.1.3.
Restitution of fruits
287
2.1.4.
Payment for use
287
2.1.5.
Compensation for expenditure
288
2.2.
Restitution of money
289
2.3.
Restitution of digital content
290
2.4.
Restitution of related services
292
2.5.
Exception for contracts to be performed in instalments or parts
293
2.6.
Flexibility clause
295
2.7.
Mandatory nature
296
3.
Conclusions and recommendations
297
CESL: change of circumstances and prescription / Denis Philippe
299
1.
Change of circumstances
299
1.1.
Belgian law: an overview
299
1.1.1.
Definition
299
1.1.2.
Recognition in Belgian law
300
1.2.
Hardship in the CESL
303
1.2.1.
Scope of application
303
1.2.2.
Conditions of application
304
1.2.2.1.
`After conclusion' condition
304
1.2.2.2.
`Excessively onerous' condition
304
1.2.2.3.
Force majeure and hardship
305
1.2.2.4.
Risk
305
1.2.3.
Burden of proof
305
1.2.4.
Effects
306
1.2.4.1.
Negotiations
306
1.2.4.2.
The judge
307
1.2.4.3.
Revision criteria
307
2.
Prescription
308
2.1.
Scope of application
308
2.2.
Nature
309
2.3.
Duration
309
2.3.1.
General trend toward shorter terms of prescription
309
2.3.2.
Sales to the consumer
310
2.3.3.
Short prescriptions of Belgian law
311
2.4.
Commencement
311
2.4.1.
How to apprehend the concept of knowledge of the fact in the short time bar period
312
2.4.2.
Commencement of the long period
312
2.4.3.
Continuing obligation
313
2.5.
Extension
313
2.5.1.
Suspension
314
2.5.1.1.
Procedure
314
2.5.1.2.
Effects of the suspension
316
2.5.1.3.
Negotiations
316
2.5.1.4.
Other grounds for suspension
317
a).
Can fraud suspend the long term prescription?
318
b).
Contra non valentem non currit praescriptio
318
c).
Prescription between spouses
318
2.5.1.5.
Effects of the suspension
319
2.5.2.
Prolongation of prescription
319
2.5.2.1.
Judicial procedure
320
2.5.2.2.
Postponement of expiry in case of incapacity
320
2.6.
Effects of prescription
320
2.7.
Agreements concerning prescription
321
3.
Conclusions
322
Index
323