Civil procedure : doctrine, practice, and context / Stephen N. Subrin, Professor of Law, Northeastern University School of Law; Martha L. Minow, Morgan and Helen Chu Dean and Professor of Law, Harvard University Law School; Mark S. Brodin, Michael and Helen Lee Distinguished Scholar Professor of Law, Boston College Law School; Thomas O. Main, William S. Boyd Professor of Law, William S. Boyd School of Law, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Alexandra D. Lahav, Ellen Ash Peters, Professor of Law, University of Connecticut School of Law.
2016
KF8839 .C452 2016 (Map It)
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Title
Civil procedure : doctrine, practice, and context / Stephen N. Subrin, Professor of Law, Northeastern University School of Law; Martha L. Minow, Morgan and Helen Chu Dean and Professor of Law, Harvard University Law School; Mark S. Brodin, Michael and Helen Lee Distinguished Scholar Professor of Law, Boston College Law School; Thomas O. Main, William S. Boyd Professor of Law, William S. Boyd School of Law, University of Nevada, Las Vegas; Alexandra D. Lahav, Ellen Ash Peters, Professor of Law, University of Connecticut School of Law.
Published
New York : Wolters Kluwer, [2016]
Call Number
KF8839 .C452 2016
Edition
Fifth edition.
ISBN
9781454868378 hardcover
1454868376 hardcover
1454868376 hardcover
Description
xxxv, 1,269 pages ; 26 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)949669600
Series
Record Appears in
Gift
Purchased from the income of the Edith L. Fisch Fund
Added Author
Gift
The Arthur W. Diamond Law Library
Purchased from the income of the Edith L. Fisch Fund
Table of Contents
Exercises
xxvii
Preface to the Fifth Edition
xxxi
Preface to the First Edition
xxxiii
1.
Introduction to Civil Procedure
1
A.
What Students Should Know from the Start
2
1.
Why Procedure Matters
2
2.
What Is "Civil Procedure"?
3
3.
Meeting the Players and the Institutions
4
a.
Parties
5
b.
Jurisdiction
5
c.
Remedies
6
4.
Sources for the Rules and Doctrines
6
5.
How to Approach Studying
8
6.
About This Book
9
7.
Law as Theater
10
Milner S. Ball, The Promise of American Law: A Theological, Humanistic View of Legal Process
11
B.
Opening Case: The Power and Limits of Courts
12
1.
Reading the Case
12
2.
Reading a Federal Rule of Civil Procedure
13
3.
Background of United States v. Hall
15
4.
Opinion
18
United States v. Hall
18
Comments and Questions
23
C.
Right to Be Heard: Elements and History of Due Process
24
1.
Background of Goldberg v. Kelly
25
2.
Complaint
26
3.
Supreme Court's Response
32
Goldberg v. Kelly
32
Comments and Questions
38
Frank L. Michelman, The Supreme Court and Litigation Access Fees: The Right to Protect One's Rights
41
Tom R. Tyler and E. Allan Lind, A Relational Model of Authority in Groups
42
4.
Costs of Process
44
Mathews, Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare v. Eldridge
45
Comments and Questions
51
Jerry L. Mashaw, The Supreme Court's Due Process Calculus for Administrative Adjudication: Three Factors in Search of a Theory of Value
52
Louis Kaplow, The Value of Accuracy in Adjudication: An Economic Analysis
60
Comments and Questions
65
5.
Enemy Combatants and Due Process
66
Hamdi v. Rumsfeld
66
Comments and Questions
74
Practice Exercise No. 1
Designing a Sound Dispute Resolution Process
75
D.
Access to Lawyers and to the Legal System
76
1.
Access to Court
76
Boddie v. Connecticut
76
Comments and Questions
81
2.
Access to a Lawyer
82
Lassiter v. Department of Social Services of Durham County, North Carolina
82
Comments and Questions
94
2.
Remedies and Stakes
99
A.
Introduction
99
B.
Provisional Relief
100
1.
Securing the Judgment: Attachments, Garnishments, and Sequestration
101
Fuentes v. Shevin
103
Comments and Questions
108
2.
Preserving the Status Quo
110
Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.
110
Comments and Questions
121
Practice Exercise No. 2
Motion for a Preliminary Injunction
122
C.
Final Relief
124
1.
Equitable Relief
124
Walgreen Co. v. Sara Creek Property Co.
124
Comments and Questions
127
a.
Equitable Relief and the Judicial Role
129
Brown v. Plata
130
Comments and Questions
150
Lon Fuller, The Forms and Limits of Adjudication
151
Abram Chayes, The Role of the Judge in Public Law Litigation
154
Practice Exercise No. 3
Equitable Relief in Carpenter and Warner
160
b.
Enforcement of Equitable Relief
161
2.
Declaratory Relief
161
3.
Damages
162
Carey v. Piphus
162
Comments and Questions
169
a.
Punitive Damages
169
Comments and Questions
173
Practice Exercise No. 4
Damages in Carpenter and Warner
174
b.
Enforcement of Damages
174
D.
Settlement
175
Steven Shavell, Foundations of Economic Analysis of Law
175
Comments and Questions
179
E.
Financing Litigation
180
1.
"American Rule"
180
2.
Fee-Shifting Statutes
181
3.
Effect of Rule 68 Settlement Offers on Attorneys' Fees
182
Marek v. Chesny
183
Comments and Questions
191
Practice Exercise No. 5
Revising Fed. R. Civ. P. 68
194
4.
Conditional Offer of Settlement
195
Comments and Questions
195
5.
Frivolous Claims
196
6.
Assessing the Value of Legal Services
197
City of Riverside v. Rivera
197
Comments and Questions
203
7.
Contingency Fee
203
8.
Third-Party Litigation Financing
205
Jonathan T. Molot, Litigation Finance: A Market Solution to a Procedural Problem
205
Comments and Questions
208
Practice Exercise No. 6
Fee Arrangements in Carpenter and Warner
209
F.
Contempt
209
David Luban, Legal Modernism
210
Walker v. City of Birmingham
212
Comments and Questions
219
Martin Luther King, Jr., Letter From Birmingham City Jail
220
3.
Thinking Like a Trial Lawyer, Pleadings, and Joinder
231
A.
Introduction
231
B.
Stages and Essential Concepts of a Civil Litigation
231
C.
Claims, Causes of Action, and Elements
241
Practice Exercise No. 7
Initial Strategy Session in Carpenter
244
D.
Pleadings and Amendments
245
1.
Purpose and Doctrine of Complaints
246
Conley v. Gibson
247
Comments and Questions
250
Ashcroft v. Iqbal
251
Comments and Questions
265
Bower v. Weisman
270
Comments and Questions
275
Practice Exercise No. 8
Analyzing 12(b)(6) and 12(e) Motions in Carpenter
277
2.
Strategy Considerations
277
Practice Exercise No. 9: Considering the Warner Complaint
278
3.
Technical Pleading Requirements
279
Comments and Questions
280
4.
Anonymous Plaintiffs
280
Freedom From Religion Foundation, Inc. v. Emanuel County School System
280
Comments and Questions
285
5.
Answers, Motions, and Affirmative Defenses
286
a.
Preliminary Motions
286
b.
Motions to Dismiss
287
c.
Answers
290
d.
Admissions and Denials
290
e.
Affirmative Defenses
292
Practice Exercise No. 10
Analyzing the Answer in Carpenter
294
Review Exercise No. 1
295
6.
Amendments
296
Singletary v. Pennsylvania Department of Corrections
300
Comments and Questions
308
Krupski v. Costa Crociere S.P.A.
309
Comments and Questions
315
Practice Exercise No. 11
Argument on Plaintiff's Motion to Amend in Carpenter
317
Note: Tips on Arguing Motions
318
E.
Historical Background of Civil Procedure
319
1.
First Era: Common Law and Equity
320
a.
Common Law Procedure
320
b.
Equity Procedure
322
c.
Coming to America
322
Comments and Questions
323
2.
Second Era: The Field Code
324
David Dudley Field, What Shall Be Done with the Practice of the Courts?
326
Comments and Questions
328
3.
Third Era: Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
329
a.
Rules of Decision Act, and the Process and Conformity Acts
329
b.
Rules Enabling Act and the Drafting of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
331
Comments and Questions
333
4.
Are We Now in a Fourth Era?
335
Chief Justice Warren E. Burger, Agenda for 2000 A.D.---A Need for Systematic Anticipation
338
Simon H. Rifkind, Are We Asking Too Much of Our Courts?
339
Frank E. A. Sander, Varieties of Dispute Processing
341
Laura Nader, Commentary
342
Comments and Questions
343
F.
Sanctions
346
Chaplin v. DuPont Advance Fiber Systems
347
Comments and Questions
351
Practice Exercise No. 12
Reviewing the Warner Answer Under Rule 11
357
G.
Simple Joinder
357
Cooper v. Fitzgerald
359
Comments and Questions
365
H.
Counterclaims and Cross-Claims
368
Podhorn v. Paragon Group, Inc.
368
Comments and Questions
370
Practice Exercise No. 13
Considering Counterclaims, Cross-Claims, and Rule 13(h) Additional Parties in Carpenter
371
I.
Third-Party Practice
372
Gross v. Hanover Insurance Co.
372
Comments and Questions
375
Practice Exercise No. 14
Considering an Impleader in Warner
377
J.
Introduction to Necessary and Indispensable Parties
377
Temple v. Synthes Corporation, Ltd.
378
Comments and Questions
379
Daynard v. Ness, Motley, Loadholdt, Richardson & Poole, P.A.
382
Comments and Questions
390
K.
Interpleader
391
L.
Intervention
392
United States v. Northern Indiana Public Service Co., et al.
393
Comments and Questions
395
Review Exercise No. 2
396
Review Exercise No. 3
397
4.
Discovery
401
A.
Introduction
401
B.
Discovery and Its Tensions
404
1.
Discovery in an Adversary System
406
Hickman v. Taylor
406
Comments and Questions
412
Wayne Brazil, The Adversary Character of Civil Discovery
416
Stephen Landsman, Defense of the Adversarial Process
419
Comments and Questions
422
ABA Model Code of Professional Responsibility
423
ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct
424
Comments and Questions
425
2.
Efficiency, Effectuation Values, and Privacy
426
Loren Kieve, Discovery Reform
426
Comments and Questions
427
C.
Mechanics of Discovery
433
1.
Discovery Techniques
433
a.
Brief Introduction to the Rules of Evidence
433
b.
Depositions
437
c.
Written Interrogatories
439
d.
Production of Documents and Things
440
e.
Physical and Mental Examinations
441
f.
Requests for Admissions
441
g.
Informal Discovery
442
h.
Experts
442
2.
Scope of Discovery
443
Kubicki v. Medtronic
444
Comments and Questions
445
WWP, Inc. v. Wounded Warriors Family Support, Inc.
446
Comments and Questions
448
Trask v. Olin Corp.
448
Comments and Questions
453
Moore v. Miller
454
Comments and Questions
457
Silva v. Dick's Sporting Goods
458
Comments and Questions
460
Kerwin v. Cage Fury Fighting Championships
463
Comments and Questions
465
Mar fork Coal Co., Inc. v. Smith
466
Comments and Questions
467
Practice Exercise No. 15
Finding an Expert (and Expertise) in Carpenter
468
Practice Exercise No. 16
Analyzing the Scope of Discovery in Warner
469
3.
Mandatory Initial Disclosures
469
Comments and Questions
470
Practice Exercise No. 17
Ethical Issues in Discovery
470
Practice Exercise No. 18
Discovery Planning in Warner
473
Practice Exercise No. 19
Evaluating Discovery in Carpenter
473
4.
Foreign Discovery
474
D.
Procedural Rulemaking
475
Catherine T. Struve, The Paradox of Delegation: Interpreting the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
476
Stephen B. Burbank, Ignorance and Procedural Law Reform
477
Laurens Walker, Federal Civil Rulemaking
478
Letter of Transmittal from Chief Justice Rehnquist
478
Practice Exercise No. 20
Assessing the Rulemaking Process
482
5.
Right to Jury Trial and Judicial Control of Results
483
A.
Values and Historical Background
483
1.
Introduction
483
2.
Debate over the American Civil Jury
485
Jerome T. Frank, Courts on Trial
486
Harry Kalven, The Dignity of the Civil Jury
488
Valerie P. Hans and Neil Vidmar, Judging the Jury
490
Comments and Questions
491
3.
Historical Background of the Modern American Civil Jury
499
B.
Right to Jury Trial in Civil Cases in Federal Court
500
Chauffeurs, Teamsters and Helpers, Local No. 391 v. Terry
501
Comments and Questions
510
Practice Exercise No. 21
Legislative Exercise Regarding Right to Jury Trial
511
Practice Exercise No. 22
Law Firm Strategy Session Regarding Jury Trial in Warner
512
C.
Jury Selection: Techniques and Purposes, Including Peremptory Challenges
512
1.
Attorney Behavior
512
Comments and Questions
514
Valerie P. Hans and Neil Vidmar, Judging the Jury
515
Federal Jury Selection Statutes
516
Comments and Questions
517
2.
Peremptory Challenges and Discrimination
517
Comments and Questions
519
D.
Summary Judgment
525
1.
Extraordinary Remedy
528
Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co.
528
Background of Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co.
535
Comments and Questions
538
2.
Focal Point of Litigation
539
Celotex Corp. v. Catrett
539
Comments and Questions
547
3.
Fact-Law Distinction
557
William Schwarzer, Summary Judgment Under the Federal Rules: Defining Genuine Issues of Material Fact
558
4.
Strategic Considerations
559
Practice Exercise No. 23
Summary Judgment Motion Session in Carpenter
560
Practice Exercise No. 24
Summary Judgment Motion Session in Warner
562
E.
Dismissal, Directed Verdicts, Judgments Notwithstanding the Verdict, New Trial Motions, and Motions to Vacate Judgment
562
1.
Voluntary Dismissal
564
2.
Involuntary Dismissal
565
3.
Directed Verdict (Judgment as a Matter of Law)
565
4.
Judgment Notwithstanding the Verdict (JNOV/Renewed Judgment as a Matter of Law)
567
5.
Motions for New Trial
568
6.
Judgments as a Matter of Law and New Trial Motions in More Detail
572
Galloway v. United States
572
Comments and Questions
586
Review Exercise No. 4
590
7.
Motion to Vacate Judgment
593
Brandon v. Chicago Board of Education
594
F.
Types of Verdicts, Bifurcation, Trifurcation, Instructions, Remittitur, and Additur
597
1.
Types of Verdicts
597
2.
Bifurcation and Trifurcation
598
3.
Jury Instructions
600
Practice Exercise No. 25
Jury Instructions in Carpenter
603
4.
Remittitur and Additur
603
Comments and Questions
605
Practice Exercise No. 26
Motions to Challenge a Jury Verdict
606
G.
Closing Arguments
607
Lloyd Paul Stryker, The Art of Advocacy
607
Practice Exercise No. 27
Closing Argument in Carpenter
610
Tips on Making a Closing Argument
611
H.
Appeals
612
Review Exercise No. 5
615
6.
Alternative Dispute Resolution
619
A.
Introduction to Mediation and Arbitration
620
1.
What Advocates Say About ADR
621
2.
What Critics Say About ADR
622
3.
Contemporary Discourse
623
Practice Exercise No. 28
Alternative Dispute Resolution Under Local Rule
626
Practice Exercise No. 29
Alternative Dispute Resolution in Carpenter
630
4.
Alternative to ADR
632
Stephen B. Burbank and Stephen N. Subrin, Litigation and Democracy: Restoring a Realistic Prospect of Trial
633
B.
Managerial Judging and the Role of Courts in an Era of Alternative Dispute Resolution
635
William W. Schwarzer, Managing Civil Litigation: The Trial Judge's Role
636
Judith Resnik, Managerial Judges and Court Delay: The Unproven Assumptions
642
7.
Choice of an Appropriate Court: Personal Jurisdiction, Notice, and Venue
649
A.
Introduction and Overview
649
B.
Jurisdiction over the Person or Property of the Defendant
650
C.
Traditional Conception of Personal Jurisdiction
651
Pennoyer v. Neff
652
Comments and Questions
658
Harris v. Balk
662
Comments and Questions
664
Hess v. Pawloski
664
Comments and Questions
666
D.
Modern Conception of Personal Jurisdiction
667
International Shoe Co. v. State of Washington
667
Comments and Questions
671
E.
Note on Long-Arm Statutes
673
F.
Note on Specific as Compared to General Jurisdiction
676
G.
Note on Personal Jurisdiction in Federal Court
678
H.
Note on Personal Jurisdiction Under International Law
680
I.
Minimum-Contacts Analysis in Operation
681
World-Wide Volkswagen Corp. v. Woodson
683
Comments and Questions
691
Calder v. Jones
695
Comments and Questions
697
Walden v. Fiore
699
Comments and Questions
705
Asahi Metal Industry Co., Ltd. v. Superior Court of California, Solano County
706
Comments and Questions
713
J. McIntyre Machinery, Ltd. v. Nicastro
715
Comments and Questions
729
Practice Exercise No. 30
Applying a Long-Arm Statute in Carpenter v. Dee
731
Massachusetts General Laws Jurisdiction of Courts over Persons in Other States and Countries
732
Burger King Corp. v. Rudzewicz
733
Comments and Questions
743
Practice Exercise No. 31
Ruling on a Rule 12(b)(2) Motion to Dismiss in a Contract Action
744
J.
Personal Jurisdiction in Cyberspace
745
Rao v. Era Alaska Airlines
745
Comments and Questions
752
Practice Exercise No. 32
Electronic Contacts and Virtual Presence
756
Practice Exercise No. 33
Twenty-First-Century Fish Story
756
K.
Jurisdiction Based on the Presence of Defendant's Property
758
Shaffer v. Heitner
759
Comments and Questions
768
L.
Jurisdiction Based Solely on Personal Service Within the Forum State
770
Burnham v. Superior Court of California
770
Comments and Questions
779
M.
General Jurisdiction
781
Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations, S. A., et al. v. Brown et ux., Co-Administrators of the Estate of Brown, et al.
781
Comments and Questions
786
Daimler AG v. Bauman
788
Comments and Questions
799
N.
Consent
800
Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc. v. Shute
800
Comments and Questions
804
O.
Notice
809
Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co.
810
Comments and Questions
814
P.
Venue and Forum Non Conveniens
817
Piper Aircraft Co. v. Reyno
818
Comments and Questions
823
Atlantic Marine Construction Company, Inc. v. U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas
825
Practice Exercise No. 34
Location, Location, Location
828
Review Exercise No. 6
828
8.
Choice of an Appropriate Court: Subject Matter Jurisdiction and Removal
831
A.
Introduction to Subject Matter Jurisdiction
831
B.
Federal Question Jurisdiction
833
Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. v. Mottley
834
Comments and Questions
836
Gunn v. Minton
842
Comments and Questions
848
C.
Diversity Jurisdiction
849
1.
Complete Diversity
850
McBride v. Karumanchi
851
Comments and Questions
855
2.
Amount in Controversy
858
Comments and Questions
859
Review Exercise No. 7
860
D.
Supplemental Jurisdiction
861
United Mine Workers of America v. Gibbs
862
Comments and Questions
864
Owen Equipment and Erection Co. v. Kroger
866
Comments and Questions
870
Finley v. United States
871
Supplemental Jurisdiction Statute: 28 U.S.C. [§] 1367
875
House Report No. 101-734
875
Comments and Questions
877
Practice Exercise No. 35
Challenging Subject Matter Jurisdiction in Warner
878
Practice Exercise No. 36
Challenging Subject Matter Jurisdiction in Carpenter
879
E.
Removal
879
Comments and Questions
881
Review Exercise No. 8
883
9.
Choice of Federal or State Law---The Erie Doctrine
887
Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins
888
Comments and Questions
893
Guaranty Trust Co. v. York
897
Comments and Questions
900
Byrd v. Blue Ridge Rural Electric Cooperative, Inc.
901
Comments and Questions
904
Hanna v. Plumer
905
Comments and Questions
911
Walker v. Armco Steel Corp.
914
Comments and Questions
918
Gasperini v. Center for Humanities, Inc.
921
Comments and Questions
928
Last Words on Erie?
929
Shady Grove Orthopedic Associates v. Allstate Insurance Co.
930
Comments and Questions
940
Practice Exercise No. 37
Analyzing Vertical Choice of Law Issues in Carpenter
942
Review Exercise No. 9
942
"Reverse-Erie"
943
10.
Finality and Preclusion
945
A.
Introduction
945
Restatement (Second) of Judgments
946
B.
Claim Preclusion (Res Judicata)---"Speak Now or Forever Hold Your Peace"
948
1.
What Constitutes the "Same Claim"?
948
Restatement (Second) of Judgments
948
Car Carriers, Inc. v. Ford Motor Co.
950
Comments and Questions
955
2.
What Constitutes a "Final Valid Judgment on the Merits"?
958
Restatement (Second) of Judgments
958
3.
"The Parties Are the Same or Are in Privity"
959
Taylor v. Sturgell
960
Comments and Questions
966
Gonzalez v. Banco Central Corp.
967
Comments and Questions
971
Practice Exercise No. 38
Applying Claim Preclusion Doctrine in Carpenter
971
C.
Issue Preclusion (Collateral Estoppel)
972
1.
In Operation
972
David P. Hoult v. Jennifer Hoult
972
Comments and Questions
974
2.
"Essential to the Judgment"
976
Jarosz v. Palmer
976
Comments and Questions
979
Practice Exercise No. 39
Applying Preclusion Doctrine in Warner
980
3.
Nonmutual Issue Preclusion
980
Parklane Hosiery Co., Inc. v. Shore
981
Comments and Questions
986
4.
Issue Preclusion in Mass Tort Litigation
988
Hardy v. Johns-Manville Sales Corp.
988
Comments and Questions
992
5.
Issue Preclusion in Trademark Law
993
B & B Hardware, Inc. v. Hargis Industries, Inc.
993
D.
Counterweights to Finality
999
Federated Department Stores, Inc. v. Moitie
1000
Comments and Questions
1006
Practice Exercise No. 40
Preclusion and New Precedent in Carpenter
1008
Allen v. McCurry
1009
Comments and Questions
1012
Summary Note on Cross-Jurisdictional Preclusion
1014
Practice Exercise No. 41
Applying Preclusion Principles
1015
Review Exercise No. 10
1016
11.
Class Actions: It All Comes Together
1019
A.
Introduction
1019
B.
Class Action Practice, Policy, and Context
1021
C.
Due Process Foundations
1024
1.
Adequacy of Representation
1024
Allen R. Kamp, The History Behind Hansberry v. Lee
1024
Hansberry v. Lee
1029
Comments and Questions
1033
2.
Participation
1034
Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Shutts
1034
Comments and Questions
1042
D.
Class Action Rule
1043
1.
Contours of the Federal Rule
1044
2.
Rule in Application
1048
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes
1048
Comments and Questions
1063
Practice Exercise No. 42
Class Certification in Warner
1065
Note on Subject Matter Jurisdiction in Class Action and Other Complex Litigation
1066
E.
Revisiting the Judicial Role in Class Action Settlements
1070
Martha Minow, Judge for the Situation: Judge Jack Weinstein, Creator of Temporary Administrative Agencies
1070
Comments and Questions
1073
F.
Preclusion in Class Actions
1074
Martin v. Wilks
1075
Civil Rights Act of 1991
1087
Comments and Questions
1088
Practice Exercise No. 43
Supreme Court Addresses the Constitutionality of Preclusion Under the Civil Rights Act
1088
Case Files
1091
Carpenter v. Dee
1093
Warner v. City of New York
1187
Table of Cases
1239
Table of Statutes and Rules
1249
Index
1257