Summary
Recommendations: To the Government of Sudan
To the Sudan People's Liberation Army-North
To Humanitarian Organizations and Donors, including the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom and Norway
To the United Nations Security Council
To the Independent Expert on Sudan
To the Special Rapporteur on the Right of Everyone to the Enjoyment of the Highest Attainable Standard of Physical and Mental Health
To the United States Government
Methodology
I. Background: The Protracted Conflict in Southern Kordofan
US Sanctions Relief in 2017
Obstruction of Humanitarian Aid
Women's Rights in Rebel-Held Areas of Southern Kordofan: Political Participation
Early Marriage
Access to Education
Female Genital Mutilation
Domestic Violence
Lack of Legal Protections
II. A Weak Health System: Weak Health Infrastructure in Rebel-Held Southern Kordofan
Attacks Targeting Health Services
III. Lack of Access to Reproductive Healthcare: Sexual and Reproductive Health in Protracted Crises
Maternal Mortality and Morbidity: Lack of Access to Adequate Antenatal Care
Emergency Obstetric Care: The Three Delays
Access to Contraception and Protection against Sexually Transmitted Infections: Access to Contraception in the Rebel-Held Area
Difficulties Preventing Sexually-Transmitted Infections
IV. National and International Legal Obligations: Obligations to Allow Unhindered Humanitarian Aid
Sexual and Reproductive Health Rights
Acknowledgments.