Four criminal procedure case studies in comparative perspective : China - Italy - Russia - U.S.A. / Dr. Marco Fabri (editor).
2016
K5401 .F68 2016 (Map It)
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Title
Four criminal procedure case studies in comparative perspective : China - Italy - Russia - U.S.A. / Dr. Marco Fabri (editor).
Published
Baden-Baden : Nomos ; Bern : Stämpfli Verlag ; Wien : Jan Sramek Verlag, [2016]
Copyright
©2016
Call Number
K5401 .F68 2016
ISBN
9783848728084 (Nomos)
3848728087 (Nomos)
9783727276736 (Stämpfli)
3727276738 (Stämpfli)
9783709701034 (Jan Sramek)
3709701031 (Jan Sramek)
9783035413069
3035413061
9783727259449
3727259442
3848728087 (Nomos)
9783727276736 (Stämpfli)
3727276738 (Stämpfli)
9783709701034 (Jan Sramek)
3709701031 (Jan Sramek)
9783035413069
3035413061
9783727259449
3727259442
Description
xviii, 463 pages ; 23 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)945359136
Summary
The essays collected in this volume are the result of cooperation between the Justice Partnership Programme in Hanoi and the Supreme Peoples Procuracy of Vietnam. The programme is co-funded by the European Union, Denmark and Sweden. Knowledge of the criminal procedures of other countries has been of particular importance to the drafters of the Criminal Procedure Code of Vietnam as they approximate the law to international standards. The essays contain detailed and systematic analyses of the criminal procedures in Italy, China, Russia and the United States of America. The common structure of the analyses and the meta-analyses of the editor of the book make a comparative study out of it. The study on the criminal procedure in China is one of the few on this subject ever published in English.-- Provided by Publisher.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references.
Record Appears in
Added Author
Table of Contents
Foreword
v
Acknowledgements
vii
Summary content
ix
Table of contents
xi
ch. 1
Highlights of Four Case Studies on Criminal Procedure
1
1.
common structure with valuable information
1
2.
Four mixed systems with different traditions and some peculiarities: a first overview
2
3.
Investigation and prosecution
7
4.
Legal counsel
12
5.
Summary procedures, trial, sentencing, appeal
14
6.
Concluding remarks
18
7.
References
20
ch. 2
Developement of Chinese Criminal Procedure
23
1.
Introduction
23
2.
Historical development of criminal procedure law
25
2.1.
Late Imperial years of Qing Dynasty (1901-1911)
25
2.2.
Republican period and war time (1912-1949)
25
2.3.
foundation of PRC to the end of the cultural revolution (1949-1979)
26
2.4.
birth of first modern code of criminal procedure in 1979
27
2.5.
great step forward: the criminal procedure code of 1996
28
2.6.
Implementation of the 1996 Code and further reform (1997-2011)
31
2.7.
Revised criminal procedure law: 2012
33
3.
current criminal procedure law
33
3.1.
Sources
33
3.2.
aims of criminal procedure
35
3.3.
criminal procedure model
37
4.
General principles governing criminal procedure
38
4.1.
principle of separation of functions among public security (police), prosecutors and courts
38
4.2.
principle of judicial independence and impartiality
39
4.3.
principle of prosecutorial legal supervision
41
4.4.
principle of presumption of innocence
42
4.5.
principles applied to the trial
43
5.
Pre-trial procedure
44
5.1.
Filing a case (li an)
44
5.2.
Investigation
46
5.3.
Interrogation
47
5.4.
Search and seizure
49
5.5.
Conclusion of investigation
51
5.6.
Compulsory measures (qiang zhi zuo shi)
51
6.
Role of defense lawyer
58
7.
Prosecution
62
7.1.
Organizational structure of prosecutors
62
7.2.
Procedural role of procuratorate
63
7.3.
Relationship between prosecutor's office and police
64
7.4.
Proceedings and decision of prosecution and non-prosecution policies
65
8.
Trial (adjudication phase)
68
8.1.
Structure of courts and first instance trial
68
8.2.
Phase of review of indictment
69
8.3.
trial procedure
70
8.4.
lay assessor system
75
8.5.
Defense lawyer's role at trial
76
8.6.
Appeal
76
8.7.
Extraordinary remedies
80
8.8.
Procedure for supervising adjudication (reopening criminal proceedings)
83
9.
Special procedure
86
9.1.
Subsidiary civil action
86
9.2.
Juvenile proceedings
87
9.3.
Reconciliation procedures
88
9.4.
Confiscation of property of accused persons who abscond or die
88
9.5.
Compulsory treatment for mentally ill persons who commit violent acts
89
10.
Other participants in the criminal process
89
10.1.
suspect
89
10.2.
accused
90
10.3.
convicted and sentenced person
91
10.4.
Victim of crimes
91
11.
Criminal evidence
93
11.1.
Definition of evidence
94
11.2.
Categories and sources of criminal evidences
94
11.3.
Witnesses and testimonies of witnesses
95
11.4.
Statement of victims
98
11.5.
Confessions and exculpations by the criminal suspects or the accused
98
11.6.
Expert witness
100
12.
Burden of proof
101
13.
Conclusion
103
14.
References
103
ch. 3
Main Features and Critical Issues of the Code of Criminal Procedure in Italy
105
1.
Brief overview of the Italian judicial system
105
1.1.
Courts and Constitutional framework
105
1.2.
Costitutional principles related to criminal procedure
117
2.
Overview of the development and of the basic characteristics of the Italian criminal procedure
119
2.1.
From an inquisitorial to an adversarial model
119
2.2.
1988 Code structure
126
3.
Main phases, functions, actors of the Italian Code of Criminal Procedure
128
3.1.
investigating phase
128
3.2.
preliminary hearing phase and "special procedures"
131
3.3.
trial
142
3.4.
appeal
147
4.
Role of the investigation agencies
148
5.
prosecutor
150
5.1.
legality principle for prosecution in practice
150
5.2.
prosecutor's function in criminal proceedings
153
6.
judge in the Italian criminal proceedings
156
6.1.
General remarks and principles
156
6.2.
Single judges, panels, and jury trial
158
6.3.
Role of the judge in preliminary investigations, hearing, and trial
160
7.
organizational structure of public prosecutor's offices and its impact on investigation
163
8.
Suspect, accused, pre-trial detention, and defense lawyer's role
169
8.1.
suspect
169
8.2.
accused
174
8.3.
defense lawyer's role
181
9.
Victim, civil plaintiff, and witness
185
9.1.
victim
185
9.2.
civil plaintiff
186
9.3.
witness
187
10.
First instance trial
188
10.1.
formal indictment
188
10.2.
preliminary hearing
190
10.3.
trial
192
10.4.
Judgment
201
10.5.
First instance trial with jury ("lay judges")
205
10.6.
Procedures for appeal of first instance judgments
205
11.
Evidence system
210
11.1.
Constitutional Court's decisions and evidence rules
210
11.2.
collection and presentation of evidence
216
12.
Trends of the Italian criminal procedure
221
13.
References
223
ch. 4
Criminal Procedure in Russia Federation
229
1.
Overview of the development and of the basic characteristics of the Russian criminal procedure
229
1.1.
main features of the Russian justice system
229
1.2.
Role of justice in government organization system
238
1.3.
Federal Courts
239
1.4.
Justice of the Peace courts
242
1.5.
District courts
243
1.6.
Subject-Level courts
243
1.7.
Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
245
2.
"Adversarial" and "Inquisitorial" traditions
246
2.1.
spectrum between two pure models
246
2.2.
Adversarial aspects of Russia's criminal procedure system
250
2.3.
Accusatorial aspects of Russia's criminal procedure system
251
2.4.
Assessment of the Russian system
253
3.
Basic characteristics of Russian criminal procedure
255
3.1.
presumption of innocence and prosecutorial discretion
256
3.2.
principle of independent courts
261
3.3.
Appointment and tenure of judges
263
4.
parties in criminal proceedings
269
4.1.
Theory of truth in court cases
271
5.
Phases to resolve a criminal case and basic contents of each phase
273
6.
Procedural positions, rights and obligations of the actors in criminal procedures
275
6.1.
Investigative jurisdiction
275
6.2.
nature of preliminary investigations and investigators
276
6.3.
Particular investigative actions used in preliminary investigations
281
6.4.
Other investigators and other forms of investigation
294
7.
Procedural position of the prosecution office in criminal procedures
297
7.1.
Relation between a prosecution office and an investigation agency
298
7.2.
Procedural position of the court in criminal procedures
304
7.3.
Pre-Trial restraint measures
305
8.
Basic procedure
306
8.1.
duration of Pre-Trial detention
312
8.2.
Court's preparation of the case for trial and preliminary hearing
313
8.3.
Return for supplemental investigation
315
9.
Suspect, accused, indicted and defense counsel in criminal procedures
316
9.1.
suspect
316
9.2.
accused
317
9.3.
Defense rights during the State's preliminary investigation
318
9.4.
Legal status of the defense counsel
319
9.5.
Defence participation in the official preliminary investigation
327
9.6.
Mechanism to ensure the defense counsel's rights
330
10.
Procedural position of the victim, civil plaintiff, witness in criminal procedures
332
11.
First instance trial procedures of criminal cases
334
11.1.
Interrogation procedures (public investigation at a trial)
335
12.
Trial Procedure
337
12.1.
Opening of the trial and the presentation of evidence
337
12.2.
Closing arguments
342
12.3.
Deliberation of judgment and sentence
344
12.4.
Acquittal and rehabilitation rights
346
13.
First instance trial procedures with participation of the jury, and the relation between the jury and professional judges
346
13.1.
Scope of the right to a jury trial
346
13.2.
Trial procedure in jury cases
352
14.
Procedures in case of plea bargaining
357
15.
right to complain and the right to appeal in criminal proceedings
367
15.1.
Appeals (Apelliatsiia)
367
15.2.
Cassational Appeals
368
15.3.
Supervisory Review of Judgments
369
15.4.
New appeal provisions effective January of 2013
371
15.5.
Reopening a case based on new or newly discovered circumstances
373
16.
Trend of criminal process model improvement
374
17.
References
376
ch. 5
United States Criminal Procedure
379
1.
basic characteristics of the United States criminal procedure model
379
1.1.
Federalism
379
1.2.
Separation of powers
381
2.
Federal criminal procedure model
382
3.
Federal courts, the Department of justice, the Federal bureau of investigation
385
3.1.
Federal courts and the Department of justice
385
3.2.
Federal bureau of investigation and internal rules and procedures
387
4.
Federal Sentencing Guidelines
389
5.
Search and seizure, exclusionary, Miranda rules, exculpatory evidence
392
5.1.
Search and seizure rule
392
5.2.
exclusionary rule
393
5.3.
Miranda rule
394
5.4.
Exculpatory evidence
395
6.
Adversarial system
395
6.1.
Adversarial system
395
6.2.
Federal Grand Jury investigations
396
6.3.
Federal rules of evidence
398
6.4.
parties in criminal proceedings
400
6.5.
method of finding the truth of a case
401
6.6.
legal status of actors in criminal procedures
403
7.
Phases of a criminal case and the basic contents and the primary procedural actors of each phase
403
7.1.
investigative phase and procedural documentation
407
7.2.
transfer to the adjudication phase and procedural documentation
409
7.3.
phase of first instance (trial) adjudication and procedural documentation
411
7.4.
phase of second instance (appellate) adjudication and procedural documentation
412
7.5.
phase of special procedural adjudication (Cassation or Reopening) and procedural documentation
413
7.6.
execution of judgments and procedural documentation
413
8.
investigative agencies in the criminal process
416
8.1.
Forms of investigation by the investigative agencies
419
8.2.
Forms of investigation by the Grand Jury
424
9.
Procedural position of the suspect, accused, defendant and defense counsel in the criminal process and enforcement mechanisms
426
9.1.
Suspect, accused, and defendant
426
9.2.
Defense counsel
429
9.3.
Factual data relating to the number of criminal defense attorneys in the United States
431
10.
Procedural position of the civil plaintiff, the victim and the witness in the criminal process
433
11.
First instance trial procedures in criminal cases
435
11.1.
Preliminary matters, voire dire, opening statements
435
11.2.
introduction or taking of evidence
437
11.3.
Closing arguments, jury decision, judgment, court record
445
12.
Procedures for first instance judgments before they become final (second instance appeals)
451
13.
Prosecutorial discretion, plea bargaining, the guilty plea hearing and the use of confessions at trial
454
13.1.
Prosecutorial discretion
454
13.2.
plea of guilty hearing
457
13.3.
use of confessions at trial
459
14.
Trends of criminal procedure improvements in the United States
461