African regional community courts and their contribution to continental integration / Jörg Kleis.
2016
KQE10 .K44 2016 (Map It)
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Details
Author
Title
African regional community courts and their contribution to continental integration / Jörg Kleis.
Published
Baden-Baden : Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2016.
Call Number
KQE10 .K44 2016
Edition
1. Auflage.
ISBN
3848731320
9783848731329
9783845275000
9783848731329
9783845275000
Description
391 pages ; 23 cm.
Other Standard Identifiers
9783848731329
System Control No.
(OCoLC)952159145
Summary
"African regional communities have been portrayed by international legal scholars on a regular basis. Yet, this is only partially the case with regard to their respective judicial organs. For the first time a contribution exclusively focuses on the West African ECOWAS, the Southern African SADC and the East African EAC courts and their jurisprudence. After outlining the potential of community courts to contribute to integration follows a microscopic analysis of pertinent extracts from their judgments regarding the courts' methodology, their jurisdiction and procedural law, the hierarchy between community and national legislation, the question of regional human rights protection and the essential obstacle to integration, which is non-compliance. The research is completed by evaluating whether the three courts had a share in the integration process and to what extent they are able to further promote integration in the future"--Provided by publisher.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 373-390).
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
Table of treaties and community materials
13
Table of cases
17
List of abbreviations
25
1.
Introduction
29
1.1.
Regional integration through jurisprudence?
35
1.1.1.
case of the Court of Justice of the European Union
36
1.1.2.
freedom of scope of African Community Courts
42
1.2.
Research method: The "efficacy-test"
44
1.2.1.
Assessment criteria: Structure, process and outcome
48
1.2.2.
Influential factors
51
1.2.2.1.
Dependency on state consent
51
1.2.2.2.
Jurisdiction
52
1.2.2.3.
Case load and case quality
53
1.2.2.4.
Differences of legal systems and cultures
54
1.2.2.5.
Characteristics of judiciaries
55
1.3.
Overview of contents and clarifications
57
2.
Regional integration in Africa
60
2.1.
Introduction
60
2.2.
Regionalism as an alternative
62
2.3.
Integration in African Regional Economic Communities
67
2.3.1.
Economic integration
68
2.3.2.
Political integration
70
2.3.3.
Legal integration
71
2.4.
Overview of the selected Economic Communities
72
2.4.1.
Economic Community of West African States
72
2.4.2.
Southern African Development Community
76
2.4.3.
East African Community
79
2.4.4.
Three communities and one objective
82
2.4.5.
External environmental outlook
83
2.5.
Conclusion
91
3.
African Regional Community Courts
94
3.1.
Introduction
94
3.2.
General Court overview
98
3.2.1.
Court of Justice of the Economic Community of West African States
98
3.2.2.
Southern African Development Community Tribunal
101
3.2.3.
East African Community Court of Justice
108
3.2.4.
Strategic plans and extra judicial activities
110
3.3.
Community court judges and their role
114
3.3.1.
Qualification requirements and nomination procedure
115
3.3.2.
Ensuring independence
117
3.3.3.
Removal from office
122
3.4.
Court administration and finances
123
3.5.
Conclusion
125
4.
Methodology
129
4.1.
Introduction
129
4.2.
Structure and outline
131
4.3.
Language
134
4.3.1.
Diction and characteristics of style in judgment composition
134
4.3.2.
Proportionality of language
139
4.4.
process of decision-making
140
4.4.1.
Judicial discretion
141
4.4.2.
Instruments for decision-making
143
4.4.3.
Logic and comprehensibility for legally impermeable derivations
150
4.5.
Conclusion
152
5.
Procedure of and before Regional Community Courts
156
5.1.
Introduction
156
5.2.
Jurisdiction of Regional Community Courts
160
5.2.1.
Subject-matter jurisdiction
160
5.2.1.1.
Interpretation and application of Treaties
161
5.2.1.2.
Internal community-employee disputes
162
5.2.1.3.
Arbitral jurisdiction
163
5.2.1.4.
Human rights
164
5.2.1.4.1.
Southern Africa: Deriving human rights jurisdiction from Campbell v. Zimbabwe
165
5.2.1.4.2.
East Africa: Deriving human rights jurisdiction from Katabazi v. Uganda
168
5.2.2.
Personal jurisdiction
175
5.2.2.1.
Actors and constellations
175
5.2.2.2.
Personal preconditions: Exhaustion of local remedies and standing
179
5.2.2.2.1.
Koraou v. Niger: The local remedies rule in West Africa
181
5.2.2.2.2.
Campbell v. Zimbabwe: Applying the exception to the local remedies rule in Southern Africa
184
5.2.2.2.3.
Rugumba v. Rwanda: The local remedies rule in East Africa
189
5.2.2.2.4.
Locus standi
190
5.2.3.
Territorial and temporal jurisdiction
196
5.2.4.
Conflict of jurisdiction: The principles of lis pendens and res judicata
197
5.2.5.
Appellate jurisdiction
200
5.3.
General procedure
204
5.3.1.
Written proceedings
205
5.3.2.
Oral proceedings
209
5.3.3.
Judgment publication and legal effects
210
5.4.
Special forms of procedure
213
5.4.1.
Issuance of interim measures
213
5.4.2.
Third party interventions
215
5.4.3.
Preliminary reference procedure
216
5.4.4.
Advisory opinions
218
5.5.
Conclusion
221
6.
Relational aspects of regional integration
228
6.1.
Introduction
228
6.2.
Principles of community-state relations
231
6.2.1.
Supremacy, direct applicability and direct effect of community law
232
6.2.2.
Implications of relational principles for the integration process
234
6.2.3.
law of integration: Instruments of community legislation
235
6.3.
Jurisprudence on the relation of community and national law
239
6.3.1.
Implications from Anyang' Nyong'o v. Kenya
241
6.3.2.
Implications from the Zimbabwean land reform law suits
243
6.3.3.
Commonalities in legal reasoning and decision-making
244
6.3.4.
Developing autonomous legal community systems?
246
6.3.4.1.
Harmonization of laws as a third path in East Africa
249
6.3.4.2.
Putting legislative theory into practice - experiences from West Africa
253
6.3.4.3.
Addressing the need for cross-border related applications in West and Southern Africa
255
6.3.4.4.
Integrative jurisprudence through common market law and proper jurisdiction: Recent developments in East Africa
260
6.4.
Pinpointing the role of member states and national institutions in the process of integration
267
6.4.1.
National legal culture as a factor for assessing the integrative potential of jurisprudence
271
6.4.2.
role of national courts in clarifying community law status
274
6.4.3.
Interim conclusion: (Un)justified reluctance on the part of national courts?
280
6.5.
Conclusion
283
7.
Integration through human rights protection
286
7.1.
Introduction
286
7.2.
role of Regional Economic Communities in the protection of human rights
292
7.2.1.
Human rights agendas in Regional Economic Communities?
292
7.2.2.
legal dimension of community human rights objectives
296
7.3.
Substantive human rights case law
299
7.3.1.
Human rights case law to strengthen the environment of integration
300
7.3.2.
Fostering economic freedoms through human rights
305
7.4.
rationale behind sub-regional human rights protection
307
7.4.1.
Challenges arising from the newly emerging sub- regional level
310
7.4.1.1.
Community Courts as proper fora for human rights protection
310
7.4.1.2.
applicable human rights law
311
7.4.1.3.
Relational problems of a four-level human rights system
315
7.4.2.
First steps towards a continental human rights architecture
318
7.5.
Conclusion
322
8.
Contempt of court - The problem of non-compliance
325
8.1.
Introduction
325
8.1.1.
Solely a question of legitimacy?
326
8.1.2.
Understanding non-compliance to ease legitimacy challenges
327
8.2.
Non-compliance as a common theme in international regimes
329
8.3.
Approaches to tackling non-compliance
334
8.3.1.
Judgment enforcement in Regional Communities
334
8.3.2.
Comparative approach: The European Union enforcement mechanism
338
8.3.3.
Evaluation of enforcement mechanisms
339
8.4.
Anticipating and countering contempt of court
341
8.4.1.
European enforcement schemes as solution statement for African Regional Communities?
342
8.4.2.
Proposed measure: A ladder of enforcement
345
8.4.2.1.
Stage one: No relation of non-compliance due to resource incapacities or legal uncertainty
346
8.4.2.2.
Stage two: Calling on community main institutions
346
8.4.2.3.
Stage three: Court ruling on sanctions
347
8.4.2.4.
Stage four: Suspension of membership
348
8.5.
Conclusion
350
9.
Conclusion
356
9.1.
Summary
356
9.1.1.
Courts' contribution to integration: Putting the findings into perspective
358
9.1.2.
Legal transplants for African economic integration?
363
9.2.
Extending the effective range: Proposals to effectuating the integration process
365
9.3.
Future outlook
369
Bibliography
373
Eidesstattliche Erklarung
391