Summary
Recommendations: To Saudi Arabia and other coalition members
To President Hadi's Government
To Houthi and allied forces
To the United States
To the United States, United Kingdom, and other coalition supporters
To the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Canada, and other countries selling weapons to Saudi Arabia
To UN Security Council member states
To Member States of the UN General Assembly
To the UN Human Rights Council
Methodology
I. Background: Economic and humanitarian impacts of armed conflict
Background to the conflict
Parties to the Conflict
Investigations and Accountability for Indiscriminate Airstrikes
II. Applicable International Humanitarian Law
III. Cases of Unlawful Airstrikes on Civilian Economic Structures: Electricity Company Administration for Hodaida
Coca-Cola Factory, Sanaa
Sanaa Chamber of Commerce
Hodaida Warehouses
Bio Pharma Factory
Al-Aqil Industrial Compound
Al-Shihab Industrial Compound
Middle East Workshop for Sewing and Embroidery
Amran Cement Factory
IV. Previously Documented Attacks on Civilian Economic Structures: Yemany Dairy and Beverage factory
Mokha Steam Power Plant
Al-Sham Water Bottling Factory
Radfan Ceramics Factory
V. Acknowledgments
Appendix I: Human Rights Watch Letter to the Minister of Defense His Royal Highness Mohammad bin Salman Al Sa'ud
Appendix II: Coalition command in Yemen: Statement on operations.