Glossary
Summary: Reforms
Limitations of Reforms
The Time is Now
Recommendations: Immediate Recommendations
General Recommendations
Methodology
I. The Religious Establishment
II. The Male Guardianship System: Transferring Guardianship
International Law and Guardianship
III. Restricting Freedom of Movement: Restrictions on Travel Abroad
Restrictions on Domestic Movement
IV. Violence against Women: Domestic Violence Legislation
Difficulties Reporting Abuse
Prioritizing Reconciliation over Protection
Limited Shelter from Domestic Violence
Permission to Exit Prisons
V. Restricting Right to Equality in Marriage, Divorce, and Child Custody: Restricting the Right to Marry Freely
Inequality in Divorce
Inequality in Arrangement for Children after Divorce
VI. Restricting the Right to Equality before the Law: Identity Documents
Difficulty Accessing Government Services
Discrimination in the Legal System
VII. Restricting the Right to Employment: Opening the Labor Market to Women
Continuing Barriers to Women Working
VIII. Restricting the Right to Health: Guardian Consent for Medical Procedures and Emergency Care
Acknowledgments
Appendix I. Guardian Permission Form for Woman to Study Abroad on Government Scholarship
Appendix II. Guardian Permission Form for Woman to Work in Government Institution
Appendix III. Human Rights Watch Letter to the Minister of Interior
Appendix IV. Human Rights Watch Letter to the Minister of Health
Appendix V. Human Rights Watch Letter to the Minister of Justice
Appendix VI. Human Rights Watch Letter to the Minister of Education
Appendix VII. Human Rights Watch Letter to the Minister of Labor and Social Development
Appendix VIII. Screenshot from Ministry of Interior Travel Permission Portal
Appendix IX. Legal Claims Asserting Male Authority Over Female Dependents.­­