The Inter-American Court of Human Rights : theory and practice, present and future / Yves Haeck, Oswaldo Ruiz-Chiriboga, Clara Burbano-Herrera, (eds.).
2015
KDZ579.I5 I587 2015 (Map It)
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Title
The Inter-American Court of Human Rights : theory and practice, present and future / Yves Haeck, Oswaldo Ruiz-Chiriboga, Clara Burbano-Herrera, (eds.).
Uniform Title
Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Theory and practice, present and future)
Published
Cambridge, United Kingdom ; Antwerp [Belgium] ; Portland [Oregon] : Intersentia, [2015]
Distributed
Portland, OR, USA : Distribution for the USA and Canada by International Specialized Book Services
Copyright
©2015
Call Number
KDZ579.I5 I587 2015
ISBN
9781780683089 (hardback)
1780683081 (hardback)
1780683081 (hardback)
Description
xxxii, 832 pages ; 25 cm
System Control No.
(OCoLC)919104334
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references.
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
Foreword
vii
Part I. The Reasoning Of The Court / Pablo Saavedra Alessandri
Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the Interpretive Method of External Referencing: Regional Consensus v. Universality / Pablo Saavedra Alessandri
3
Abstract / Marijke De Paula
3
1.
Introduction / Marijke De Paula
4
2.
Interpreting the American Convention on Human Rights / Marijke De Paula
6
2.1.
Specific Rules on Treaty Interpretation / Marijke De Paula
6
2.2.
Court's Methods of Interpretation / Marijke De Paula
7
3.
Use of External Sources as an Interpretive Tool / Marijke De Paula
10
3.1.
Cross-References to Soft Law / Marijke De Paula
11
3.2.
Cross-References to Non-Ratified Treaties / Marijke De Paula
13
3.3.
Convergence with International Humanitarian Law / Marijke De Paula
15
4.
Legitimacy of Cross-Referencing / Marijke De Paula
16
4.1.
Use or Abuse of External Sources? / Marijke De Paula
16
4.2.
References to Non-Binding External Instruments / Marijke De Paula
18
5.
Universalism v. Regional Consensus / Marijke De Paula
20
6.
Conclusion / Marijke De Paula
23
Overview of the Inter-American Court's Evaluation of Evidence / Marijke De Paula
25
Abstract / Álvaro Paúl
25
1.
Introduction / Álvaro Paúl
25
2.
Three Evidentiary Features of the Court / Álvaro Paúl
26
2.1.
Autonomy / Álvaro Paúl
26
2.2.
Informality / Álvaro Paúl
28
2.3.
Active Role / Álvaro Paúl
30
3.
Freedom to Admit Evidence and its Exceptions / Álvaro Paúl
32
3.1.
Flexible Admissibility Rules / Álvaro Paúl
32
3.2.
Two Mandatory Exclusionary Rules / Álvaro Paúl
34
4.
Weighing Evidence According to Sana Critica / Álvaro Paúl
34
5.
Burden of Proof / Álvaro Paúl
36
5.1.
General Issues / Álvaro Paúl
36
5.2.
Actori Incumbit Probatio - The Basic Rule / Álvaro Paúl
37
5.3.
Duty to Cooperate / Álvaro Paúl
37
5.4.
Possible Rationales for Shifting the Burden / Álvaro Paúl
38
5.5.
Exceptions to the General Rule / Álvaro Paúl
39
6.
Specific Presumptions Relied on by the Court / Álvaro Paúl
41
6.1.
Preliminary Issues / Álvaro Paúl
41
6.2.
Presumptions Based on the State's Stance During Proceedings / Álvaro Paúl
41
6.2.1.
Does silence imply consent? / Álvaro Paúl
41
6.2.2.
Presumption against the state refusing to provide evidence / Álvaro Paúl
42
6.2.3.
Regarding the exhaustion of domestic remedies / Álvaro Paúl
43
6.3.
Particular Prima Facie Violations / Álvaro Paúl
43
6.4.
Damages and Costs / Álvaro Paúl
44
6.5.
Other Presumptions Applied by the Court / Álvaro Paúl
45
7.
Court's Standards of Proof / Álvaro Paúl
45
7.1.
Preliminary Issues / Álvaro Paúl
45
7.2.
Absence of a Unique Standard before the Court / Álvaro Paúl
46
7.2.1.
Preliminary issues / Álvaro Paúl
46
7.2.2.
Standard for proving widespread human rights violations / Álvaro Paúl
47
7.2.3.
IACtHR's low standard of proof / Álvaro Paúl
48
8.
Conclusions / Álvaro Paúl
49
Revision Procedures: Revisiting the Case of Mapiripart Massacre v. Colombia / Álvaro Paúl
51
Abstract / Geneviève Säuberli
51
1.
Introduction / Geneviève Säuberli
52
2.
Revisions in Principle and Practice / Geneviève Säuberli
54
2.1.
Principles of Finality, Res Judicata and the Administration of International Justice / Geneviève Säuberli
54
2.2.
Applications for Revisions before the IACtHR / Geneviève Säuberli
56
2.2.1.
case of Neira Alegria v. Peru / Geneviève Säuberli
57
2.2.2.
case of Genie Lacayo v. Nicaragua / Geneviève Säuberli
57
2.2.3.
case of Juan Humberto Scinchez v. Honduras / Geneviève Säuberli
59
2.2.4.
case of Cantoral Huamani and Garcia Santa Cruz v. Peru / Geneviève Säuberli
59
2.2.5.
case of the Massacre of Mapiripdn v. Colombia / Geneviève Säuberli
60
2.3.
Power of Revision of the IACtHR / Geneviève Säuberli
61
3.
Conditions for Revision and the Mapiripcin Massacre / Geneviève Säuberli
62
4.
Investigations in Cases of Gross Violations of Human Rights / Geneviève Säuberli
66
5.
Conclusion / Geneviève Säuberli
70
Part II. Procedural Aspects / Geneviève Säuberli
Who Pays the Bill? Possibilities and Limitations of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights Legal Assistance Fund / Geneviève Säuberli
75
Abstract / Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu
75
1.
Introduction / Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu
76
2.
Operational Procedure of the Assistance Fund / Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu
78
3.
Legal Aid in International Human Rights Law / Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu
81
3.1.
Legal Aid under the European Convention on Human Rights / Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu
82
3.1.1.
Legal aid before the adoption of Protocol 11 / Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu
83
3.1.2.
Legal aid after the adoption of Protocol 11 / Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu
86
3.2.
Legal Aid under the African Charter of Human and Peoples' Rights / Diana Contreras-Garduño Kristin Xueqin Wu, Leo Zwaak
89
4.
Legal Aid in International Criminal Law / Kristin Xueqin Wu, Diana Contreras-Garduño Leo Zwaak
91
4.1.
Legal Aid for the Indigent Suspect and the Accused / Kristin Xueqin Wu, Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño
91
4.2.
Legal Aid for Victims / Kristin Xueqin Wu, Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño
94
4.2.1.
Application process / Kristin Xueqin Wu, Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño
95
4.2.2.
Determination of means of the victims / Kristin Xueqin Wu, Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño
96
5.
Implications / Kristin Xueqin Wu, Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño
97
5.1.
Implication for the State / Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño Kristin Xueqin Wu
97
5.2.
Implications for the Development of Human Rights Law / Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño Kristin Xueqin Wu
97
5.3.
Implications for the Actors before the System / Leo Zwaak Diana Contreras-Garduño Kristin Xueqin Wu
99
6.
Conclusions and Recommendations / Leo Zwaak Kristin Xueqin Wu, Diana Contreras-Garduño
100
Amicus Curiae in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (1982-2013) / Diana Contreras-Garduño Kristin Xueqin Wu, Leo Zwaak
103
Abstract / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
103
1.
Introduction / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
104
2.
Amid Curiae / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
105
2.1.
Development of the Amici Curiae / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
106
2.2.
Role and Contribution of Amici Curiae before the IACtHR / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
108
3.
Normative Framework for Participation of Amici Curiae before the IACtHR / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
109
3.1.
American Convention on Human Rights and the Court's Statute / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
109
3.2.
Court's Rules of Procedure / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
110
3.3.
Jurisprudential Developments / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
114
3.4.
Criteria to Reject Amici Curiae Participation before the IACtHR's Written Proceedings / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
115
3.4.1.
Impartiality / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
115
3.4.2.
Timeliness and language / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
117
3.4.3.
Uselessness / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
120
3.4.4.
Identity / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
120
3.4.5.
Unknown criteria / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
121
3.5.
Criteria to Reject Amici Curiae Participation before the IACtHR's Oral Proceedings / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
122
3.6.
Identification of Authorship and Description of Content / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
123
3.7.
Incorporation into Body of Evidence / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
126
4.
Conclusion and Recommendations / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
129
Part III. Civil And Political Rights / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
Defining the Scope of the Provisions Against the Use of Illegitimate Coerced Statements in the Inter-American System / Francisco J. Rivera Juaristi
135
Abstract / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
135
1.
Introduction / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
135
2.
To Which Type of Proceedings are Articles 8(1), 8(2)(g), 8(3) ACHR and 10 IACPPT Applicable? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
138
2.1.
Article 8(1) ACHR / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
139
2.2.
Article 8(2) ACHR / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
139
2.3.
Article 8(3) ACHR / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
142
2.4.
Article 10 IACPPT / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
144
2.5.
Intermediate Conclusion on the Types of Proceedings / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
146
3.
Who is the Right-Holder of Each Provision? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
146
3.1.
Article 8(1) ACHR / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
146
3.2.
Articles 8(2)(g) and 8(3) ACHR / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
148
3.3.
Article 10 IACPPT / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
149
3.4.
Intermediate Conclusion on the Right-Holders / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
150
4.
Is Article 10 IACPPT Applicable only to Torture Cases or does It also Cover Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
151
4.1.
CIDT Statements in Legal Proceedings / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
152
4.2.
Article 10 IACPPT Applies only to Torture Evidence / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
154
4.3.
Intermediate Conclusion on the Scope of Article 10 IACPPT / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
155
5.
What Do the Expressions "Coercion" (Article 8(3) ACHR) and "Not to be Compelled" (Article 8(2)(g)) Cover? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
156
6.
What Do the Expressions "Admissible as Evidence" (Article 10 IACPPT) and "Valid" (Article 8(3) ACHR) Mean? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
161
7.
What does the Expression "Verified" (Article 10 IACPPT) Mean? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
163
7.1.
Confessions Rendered by Messrs Cabrera and Montiel / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
163
7.2.
Who has to Verify that a Statement was Obtained through Torture or Other Forms of Illegitimate Coercion and When? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
165
7.3.
Who Bears the Burden of Proof? / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
167
8.
Conclusion / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
172
Medical Negligence and International Human Rights Adjudication. Procedural Obligation in Medical Negligence Cases under the American Convention on Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights / Oswaldo R. Ruiz-Chiriboga
175
Abstract / Kre[š]imir Kamber
175
1.
Introduction / Kre[š]imir Kamber
176
2.
Problem of Medical Negligence Adjudication / Kre[š]imir Kamber
178
3.
Procedural Obligation in Medical Negligence Cases in the Case-Law of the ECtHR / Kre[š]imir Kamber
183
4.
Procedural Obligation in Medical Negligence Cases in the Case-Law of the IACtHR / Kre[š]imir Kamber
187
5.
Conclusion / Kre[š]imir Kamber
190
Use of Force. Requirements, Limitations and Pending Challenges from the Perspective of the Jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Kre[š]imir Kamber
193
Abstract / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
193
1.
Introduction / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
194
2.
Legal-Normative Grounds and Factual Assumptions Relied upon by the Inter-American Court when Developing and Implementing Its Jurisprudence Regarding the Use of Force / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
195
2.1.
Legal-Normative Grounds Supporting the Development and Implementation of the Court's Considerations Regarding the Use of Lethal Force / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
196
2.2.
Factual Assumptions upon Which the Inter-American Court has Developed and Applied the Standards on the Use of Lethal Force: A Review from the Perspective of the Proven Facts in the Emblematic Cases on the Issue / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
199
2.2.1.
Breakdown of order in prisons / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
200
2.2.2.
Disturbances during states of emergency / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
201
2.2.3.
Detentions, captures and break-ins / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
201
3.
State's Obligations over Time for the Use of Lethal Force to Be in Accordance with the American Convention and when Its International Responsibility has Been Declared / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
204
3.1.
Fundamental Moments that Bind the State with Respect to the Use of Lethal Force / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
204
3.1.1.
Preventive actions / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
204
3.1.2.
Actions accompanying the events / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
206
3.1.3.
Actions subsequent to the events / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
208
3.2.
Measures Taken Regarding the Use of Lethal Force by States Responsible for Its Use in Violation of the ACHR: The Challenge Posed by Reparations / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
210
4.
Conclusion / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
215
Judicial Protection in States of Emergency. An Analysis of the Amplitude of Judicial Protection of Fundamental Rights During the Application of Derogations / Juana Maria Ibáñez Rivas
217
Abstract / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
217
1.
Introduction / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
218
2.
Suspension of Guarantees and Limitations on Human Rights / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
220
2.1.
Restrictions on the Interpretation of Provisions that Permit Limitations and Derogations / Tainá Garcia Maia, Aziz Tuffi Saliba
220
2.2.
Definition of and Differences between Limitations and Derogations / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
222
2.2.1.
Limitations / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
222
2.2.2.
Derogations / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
227
2.3.
Margin of Appreciation Doctrine / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
232
3.
Judicial Guarantees Essential for the Protection of Non-Derogable Rights / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
234
4.
Conclusion / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
237
Part IV. Economic, Social, And Cultural Rights / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
Yakye Axa v. Paraguay: Upholding and Framing the Human Right to Water / Aziz Tuffi Saliba, Tainá Garcia Maia
241
Abstract / Scott Mckenzie
241
1.
Introduction / Scott Mckenzie
242
2.
Paraguay Violates the Yakye Axa's Rights / Scott Mckenzie
242
3.
Establishment and Contours of the Human Right to Water / Scott Mckenzie
245
4.
Yakye Axa and the Human Right to Water / Scott Mckenzie
251
5.
Conclusion / Scott Mckenzie
257
Social, Economic, and Cultural Rights. The Inter-American Court at a Crossroads / Scott Mckenzie
259
Abstract / Thomas Antkowiak
259
1.
Introduction / Thomas Antkowiak
260
1.1.
American Convention and Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Background and Negotiating History / Thomas Antkowiak
260
1.2.
Protocol of San Salvador / Thomas Antkowiak
262
2.
Scope of Protection of Article 26 / Thomas Antkowiak
263
2.1.
Which Rights Protected? The OAS Charter and Its "Implicit" Rights / Thomas Antkowiak
263
2.2.
Progressive Development and Justiciability: The Judgments of the Inter-American Court / Thomas Antkowiak
266
3.
Protection of Social, Economic, and Cultural Rights by Other Means / Thomas Antkowiak
270
3.1.
Vida Digna and Conditions for a "Dignified Life" / Thomas Antkowiak
270
3.2.
Rights to Traditional Lands / Thomas Antkowiak
272
3.3.
Freedom of Association and Trade Unions / Thomas Antkowiak
273
3.4.
Rights to Pensions and Social Security through Judicial Protection and Property / Thomas Antkowiak
274
3.5.
Social, Cultural, and Economic Remedies / Thomas Antkowiak
274
3.6.
Concerns with the Court's Current Approach / Thomas Antkowiak
275
4.
Conclusion / Thomas Antkowiak
276
Impact of the Reparations Ordered by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and Contributions to the Justiciable Nature of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights / Thomas Antkowiak
277
Abstract / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
277
1.
Introduction / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
278
2.
Reparations in the Case Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
278
3.
Impact of the Case Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
280
4.
Justiciable Nature of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the Case Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
290
5.
Conclusions / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
301
Part V. Reparations And Provisional Measures / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
Sacred Fire as Healing. Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Indigenous Peoples in the Inter-American Court's Judgments / Manuel E. Ventura Robles
307
Abstract / Gina Donoso
307
1.
Introduction / Gina Donoso
308
2.
Rehabilitation and Cross-Cultural Reparation Processes / Gina Donoso
310
2.1.
Embracing Challenges in Interdisciplinary Reparation Processes / Gina Donoso
312
2.1.1.
Legal shortcomings / Gina Donoso
312
2.1.2.
Mental health and psychosocial limitations / Gina Donoso
315
2.2.
Reparation as a Process / Gina Donoso
318
2.3.
Potential Risks / Gina Donoso
320
3.
Psychosocial and Cross-Cultural Approaches in Collective Reparation Processes: The Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Gina Donoso
322
3.1.
Culture Versus Legal Systems / Gina Donoso
324
3.2.
Psychological Accompaniment for Compensation / Gina Donoso
326
3.3.
Psychological Rehabilitation / Gina Donoso
327
3.4.
Expert Witnesses / Gina Donoso
330
3.5.
Empowerment of Communities / Gina Donoso
332
3.6.
Community Participation and Leadership / Gina Donoso
333
4.
Conclusions / Gina Donoso
334
Punitive Damages and the Principle of Full Reparation in the Case Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Gina Donoso
337
Abstract / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
337
1.
Introduction / Sebastián A. Green Martinez, Agostina N. Cichero
338
2.
Principle of "Fair Compensation" and Its Relation to the Principle of Full Reparation / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
340
3.
Punitive Damages as a Rule of Domestic Legal Systems / Sebastián A. Green Martinez, Agostina N. Cichero
341
3.1.
Velcisquez Rodriguez v. Honduras (1988) / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
341
3.2.
Godinez Cruz v. Honduras (1989) / Sebastián A. Green Martinez, Agostina N. Cichero
342
3.3.
Garrido and Baigorria v. Argentina (1998) / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
343
4.
International Aggravated Responsibility and Punitive Damages Lato Sensu / Sebastián A. Green Martinez, Agostina N. Cichero
344
4.1.
Myrna Mack Chang v. Guatemala (2003) / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
345
4.2.
Masacre de Plan de Sanchez v. Guatemala (2004) / Sebastián A. Green Martinez, Agostina N. Cichero
347
4.3.
Gomez Palomino v. Peru (2005) / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
349
4.4.
Goibura et al. v. Paraguay (2006) / Sebastián A. Green Martinez, Agostina N. Cichero
350
5.
Recent Decisions / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
351
6.
Conclusion / Sebastián A. Green Martinez, Agostina N. Cichero
353
Inter-American Court of Human Rights and Its Role in Preventing Violations of Human Rights through Provisional Measures / Agostina N. Cichero Sebastián A. Green Martinez
355
Abstract / Clara Burbano Herrera
355
1.
Introduction / Clara Burbano Herrera
355
2.
How have Provisional Measures Been Created and What is Their Legal Character? / Clara Burbano Herrera
357
3.
Requirements Which have to be Met Before Provisional Measures can be Adopted / Clara Burbano Herrera
360
4.
Factual Circumstances in Which Provisional Measures have been Adopted / Clara Burbano Herrera
362
5.
Means Used by States to Comply with Provisional Measures / Clara Burbano Herrera
363
6.
Problems Regarding the Effectiveness of Provisional Measures / Clara Burbano Herrera
365
6.1.
Implementation Versus Effectiveness / Clara Burbano Herrera
365
6.2.
Provisional Measures Versus Permanent Situations / Clara Burbano Herrera
366
6.3.
Lack of Confidence in the Domestic Bodies of Protection / Clara Burbano Herrera
367
6.4.
Lack of Political Will / Clara Burbano Herrera
369
6.5.
Lack of Interest of the Political Organ / Clara Burbano Herrera
371
7.
Strategies Developed by the Court to Improve the Effectivity of Provisional Measures / Clara Burbano Herrera
372
8.
Some Conclusions / Clara Burbano Herrera
374
Part VI. Enforced Disappearances And Amnesty Laws / Clara Burbano Herrera
Contribution of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and Other International Human Rights Bodies to the Struggle Against Enforced Disappearance / Clara Burbano Herrera
379
Abstract / Gabriella Citroni
379
1.
Introduction / Gabriella Citroni
380
2.
Prohibition of Enforced Disappearance and the Obligation to Investigate and Punish Those Responsible as Jus Cogens / Gabriella Citroni
381
3.
Confronting Enforced Disappearances in an Integral Manner / Gabriella Citroni
385
4.
Right to Juridical Personality and Enforced Disappearances / Gabriella Citroni
390
5.
Burden of Proof and Presumptions in Enforced Disappearance Cases Vis-a-vis the Right to Humane Treatment of the Direct Victim . / Gabriella Citroni
393
6.
Measures of Reparation in Cases of Enforced Disappearance / Gabriella Citroni
395
7.
Enforced Disappearances and the Wrongful Removal of Children / Gabriella Citroni
398
8.
Conclusion / Gabriella Citroni
401
Building Truth and Moving Justice. The Inter-American Court and the Forcible Disappearance of Children / Gabriella Citroni
403
Abstract / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
403
1.
Introduction / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
404
2.
Comprehensive View of Post-Conflict Justice / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
405
3.
Truth / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
406
4.
Vindication of Testifying / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
410
5.
Inter-American Court Promotes Accountability / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
412
5.1.
Emblematic Cases / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
412
5.2.
Violations of Human Rights Law / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
413
5.3.
Dismantling Mechanisms of Impunity / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
415
6.
Remedies / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
416
7.
Conclusion / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
417
Move Towards a Victim-Centred Concept of Criminal Law and the "Criminalization" of Inter-American Human Rights Law. A Case of Human Rights Law Devouring Itself? / Jeffrey Davis Micaela Perez Ferrero
419
Abstract / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
419
1.
Introduction / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
420
2.
IACtHR and the "Criminalization" of Inter-American Human Rights Law: Foundations / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
423
2.1.
Right to an Effective Remedy, Reparations and Prosecutions / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
423
2.2.
Supervising Domestic Criminal Law / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
425
2.3.
Characterizing Certain Human Rights Violations as Crimes of the State / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
427
3.
Challenge of Mechanisms Traditionally Moderating Criminal Repression / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
428
3.1.
Exclusion of Amnesty Laws / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
428
3.2.
Skepticism about Prescription / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
432
3.3.
Cavalier Attitude Towards Non Bis In Idem / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
437
4.
Victim-Centredness in Criminal Law: Liberal or Illiberal? / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
437
Amnesty Laws in the Case-Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Frédéric Mégret Jean-Paul S. Calderón
443
Abstract / Patricio Galella
443
1.
Introduction / Patricio Galella
443
2.
Amnesty Laws in International Law / Patricio Galella
444
3.
Amnesty Laws and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Patricio Galella
447
4.
Conclusion / Patricio Galella
455
Rights Cast into Oblivion? Amnesties in the Case-Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Patricio Galella
457
Abstract / Nikolas Kyriakou
457
1.
Introduction / Nikolas Kyriakou
457
2.
Amnesties: The Current Academic Debate / Nikolas Kyriakou
461
3.
International Practice and Jurisprudence on Amnesties / Nikolas Kyriakou
464
3.1.
Human Rights Committee / Nikolas Kyriakou
464
3.2.
Inter-American Human Rights System / Nikolas Kyriakou
467
4.
Conclusion / Nikolas Kyriakou
473
Part VII. Groups In Vulnerability / Nikolas Kyriakou
Jurisprudence in a Political Vortex. The Right of Indigenous Peoples to Give or Withhold Consent to Investment and Development Projects The Implementation of Saramaka v. Suriname / Nikolas Kyriakou
477
Abstract / Monica Yriart
477
1.
Indigenous Right to Consent and the Right to Collective Territory / Monica Yriart
478
1.1.
Expanding on Saramaka v. Suriname: The UNDRIP Mandate for All Agencies of the United Nations, Including the Organization of the American States (OAS) / Monica Yriart
483
1.2.
New "Consent" Case Enters the Inter-American System / Monica Yriart
485
1.3.
Principle of Indigenous Consent: Policy or Politics for the Organization of American States / Monica Yriart
486
1.4.
Conclusion to Part 1 / Monica Yriart
488
2.
Constitutional Court of Colombia, the Supreme Court of Peru and the Attorney General of Argentina / Monica Yriart
489
3.
Legal Value of the Jurisprudence of the IACtHR and Saramaka v. Suriname in the Constitutional Orders of Colombia, Peru and Argentina / Monica Yriart
493
3.1.
Juridical Status and Effect of Inter-American Jurisprudence in Peru / Monica Yriart
494
3.2.
Juridical Status and Effect of Inter-American Jurisprudence in Argentina / Monica Yriart
495
3.3.
Juridical Status and Effect of Inter-American Jurisprudence in Colombia / Monica Yriart
495
3.4.
Conclusion to Part 3 / Monica Yriart
496
4.
Saramaka v. Suriname and the Right to Consent in Colombia / Monica Yriart
497
4.1.
President of the Republic, the Council of Ministers, the Armed Forces and the Colombian Constitutional Court: An Inter-play of Powers regarding the Holding in Saramaka v. Suriname / Monica Yriart
497
4.2.
Adoption of Saramaka v. Suriname by the Constitutional Court of Colombia / Monica Yriart
499
4.3.
Operation of the Right to Consent in Formal Prior Consultation Proceedings / Monica Yriart
501
4.4.
"Paralysis" in Prior Consultations: Structural Problems and Problems of Legal Definition / Monica Yriart
502
4.5.
Exploitation of Indigenous Territories and Peoples in Colombia / Monica Yriart
504
4.6.
Conclusion with Respect to Part 4: Colombia / Monica Yriart
505
5.
Saramaka v. Suriname and the Right to Consent in Peru / Monica Yriart
507
5.1.
Saramaka is Hard Law Facing the Opposition of All the Constituted Powers of Peru but One / Monica Yriart
507
5.2.
Law on Prior Consultation and Its Regulations: An Interpretation to Achieve Constitutionality and Conventionality / Monica Yriart
510
5.3.
Position of the Constitutional Tribunal of Peru / Monica Yriart
513
5.3.1.
Rejecting the saving interpretation / Monica Yriart
513
5.3.2.
Protecting indigenous territories from mass commercial titling by the Executive Branch to implement the Peru-USA Free Trade Agreement / Monica Yriart
514
5.3.3.
Rejecting Saramaka v. Suriname: "There is no indigenous veto" / Monica Yriart
514
5.4.
Position of the Permanent Constitutional and Social Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice / Monica Yriart
516
5.5.
Conclusion with Respect to Part 5: Peru / Monica Yriart
518
6.
Saramaka v. Suriname and the Right to Consent in Argentina / Monica Yriart
520
6.1.
Argentina's Indigenous Peoples and the Exploitation of Natural Resources / Monica Yriart
520
6.2.
Absence of Law on Prior Consultation and Consent in Argentina / Monica Yriart
521
6.3.
Absence of Indigenous Human Rights Law in Argentina: The Legal History and the Social and Institutional Manifestations / Monica Yriart
522
6.3.1.
1994 Constitutional Convention: "Let us resolve not to codify a new catalogue of rights" / Monica Yriart
522
6.3.2.
Mass legal evictions of indigenous communities / Monica Yriart
524
6.3.3.
In lieu of legislating to implement international and constitutional indigenous rights, Argentina seeks to privatize the public law status of indigenous peoples and territories / Monica Yriart
526
6.3.4.
Supreme Court of Justice denies constitutional jurisdiction to indigenous rights cases and declines to write on the subject of the law of indigenous human rights. / Monica Yriart
528
6.3.5.
Thirty-three Kolla and Atakama communities demand the right to grant or deny consent to large-scale mining of lithium / Monica Yriart
530
6.3.6.
Facing Inter-American review, the Supreme Court of Justice and the Attorney General of the Argentine Nation rehabilitate the quality of indigenous rights jurisprudence / Monica Yriart
532
6.3.7.
new Attorney General applies the indigenous rights of Inter-American jurisprudence / Monica Yriart
533
6.4.
Conclusion with Respect to Part 6: Argentina / Monica Yriart
534
6.5.
Postscript on Argentina: Significant New Developments / Monica Yriart
537
6.5.1.
regulation of indigenous peoples and territories is removed from the new Civil and Commercial Code in response to nationwide protests: new legislation promised / Monica Yriart
537
6.5.2.
Facing Inter-American review and a New Attorney General, will the Supreme Court of Justice rehabilitate the quality of indigenous rights jurisprudence? / Monica Yriart
539
7.
Conclusion / Monica Yriart
540
Juvenile Criminal Justice before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Aims and Limitations of the Imprisonment of Children / Monica Yriart
547
Abstract / Valeska David Julie Fraser
547
1.
Introduction / Valeska David Julie Fraser
548
2.
Special Character of Juvenile Justice / Valeska David Julie Fraser
549
3.
Comparative Analysis of International, Regional and National Practices regarding Juvenile Justice and Imprisonment / Valeska David Julie Fraser
551
3.1.
International Human Rights Standards for Juvenile Justice / Valeska David Julie Fraser
552
3.2.
European Practices regarding Sentencing and Juvenile Justice / Valeska David Julie Fraser
554
3.3.
Practices regarding Sentencing and Juvenile Justice Across the Americas / Valeska David Julie Fraser
558
4.
Evolution of Juvenile Justice by the IACtHR / Valeska David Julie Fraser
560
5.
IACtHR Decision in Mendoza: Prohibiting Life Imprisonment for Juveniles? / Valeska David Julie Fraser
564
5.1.
Right to Liberty and the Review of Custodial Measures / Valeska David Julie Fraser
565
5.2.
Aim of Re-socialisation: Proportionality in Regard to the Purpose of Criminal Sentences / Valeska David Julie Fraser
566
5.3.
Prohibition of Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment and the Proportionality of the Punishment / Valeska David Julie Fraser
566
6.
Juveniles' Culpability, the Aim of Reintegration and the Special Protection of Children / Valeska David Julie Fraser
568
7.
Conclusions: Towards the Human Rights Prohibition on Life Imprisonment for Juveniles / Valeska David Julie Fraser
571
Case of the Kichwa Peoples of the Sarayaku v. Ecuador. Constructing a Right to Consultation and to Cultural Identity? / Valeska David Julie Fraser
573
Abstract / Geneviève Säuberli
573
1.
Introduction / Geneviève Säuberli
574
2.
Facts of the Case / Geneviève Säuberli
575
3.
Collective Right to Property / Geneviève Säuberli
576
4.
Right to Consultation / Geneviève Säuberli
578
5.
Right to Cultural Identity / Geneviève Säuberli
582
6.
Practical Application / Geneviève Säuberli
586
6.1.
Legal Implications / Geneviève Säuberli
586
6.2.
Consultation Procedures / Geneviève Säuberli
587
7.
Conclusion / Geneviève Säuberli
591
Treatment of Irregular Migrants in the Inter-American Human Rights and European Union Case-Law. Two Parallel Lines may even Meet / Geneviève Säuberli
593
Abstract / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
593
1.
Irregular Migrants Between Need for Protection and Criminalisation / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
594
2.
Treatment of Irregular Migrants in the Case Law of the Inter-American Court / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
597
2.1.
Setting the Background: The Advisory Opinion on the Conditions and Rights of Undocumented Migrants / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
597
2.2.
Case of Velez Loor v. Panama and the Increased Protection of Migrant Rights / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
598
2.2.1.
Factual background / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
599
2.2.2.
Migrants' vulnerability and abusive detention / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
600
2.2.3.
Adjudging migrant rights violations / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
601
3.
Influential Impact of the Ruling in Velez Loor v. Panama Outside the Inter-American System / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
604
3.1.
Velez Loor v. Panama: An Anticipation of the EU Court of Justice's Ruling in Hassen El Dridi? / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
605
3.2.
EU Court of Justice's Further Clarifications on the Criminalisation of Irregular Migration in Its Subsequent Case Law / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
609
4.
Different Approaches, Same Guarantees to Irregular Migrants' Rights in the Judicial Discourse? / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
611
Sexual Orientation and Parenthood. A Comparative Analysis of the Case Law of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the European Court of Human Rights / Salvatore Fabio NicoLosi
613
Abstract / Elena Falletti
613
1.
Introduction / Elena Falletti
613
2.
European Court of Human Rights Case Law about Sexual Orientation and Discrimination / Elena Falletti
615
2.1.
Non-Discrimination / Elena Falletti
615
2.2.
Best Interest of the Child / Elena Falletti
617
2.3.
Family Life / Elena Falletti
618
3.
Case Decided by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights: Atala Riffo and Daughters v. Chile / Elena Falletti
619
4.
Proceeding in Front of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Elena Falletti
620
5.
Influence of the ECtHR in the Atala Riffo v. Chile Case / Elena Falletti
623
6.
Specific Measures Ordered by the IACtHR in the Enforcement of Its Decision / Elena Falletti
625
7.
Conclusions / Elena Falletti
627
What a 'Private Life' Means for Women / Elena Falletti
629
Abstract / Ciara O'Connell
629
1.
Introduction / Ciara O'Connell
629
2.
Right to Privacy and Right to Private Life / Ciara O'Connell
630
2.1.
Right to Privacy, Generally / Ciara O'Connell
631
2.2.
Right to Privacy for Women / Ciara O'Connell
633
3.
Women in the Private Sphere / Ciara O'Connell
635
3.1.
Feminist Legal Theory and the Private Sphere / Ciara O'Connell
636
3.2.
Women in the Private Sphere: Looking Closer / Ciara O'Connell
637
4.
What a Private Life Means for Women, now / Ciara O'Connell
639
4.1.
Artavia Murillo et al. v. Costa Rica / Ciara O'Connell
639
5.
Conclusion / Ciara O'Connell
643
Part VIII. The Court And National Judges And Tribunals / Ciara O'Connell
Chronicle of a Fashionable Theory in Latin America. Decoding the Doctrinal Discourse on Conventionality Control / Ciara O'Connell
647
Abstract / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
647
1.
Introduction / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
648
2.
Chronicle of a Birth Foretold / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
649
2.1.
Judicial Waltz in Three-Quarter Time / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
649
2.2.
Construction of a "Theory" of Conventionality Control / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
653
2.3.
Diversified Implementation / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
661
3.
Chronicle of a Controversial Doctrinal Analysis / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
663
3.1.
Benevolent Doctrine or the "Open Constitutionalism" School / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
664
3.1.1.
Enthusiastic authors / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
665
3.1.2.
Circumspect authors / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
669
3.2.
Critical Doctrine / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
671
3.2.1.
sociological school / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
672
3.2.2.
liberal school / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
673
4.
Conclusion / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
676
Radilla-Pacheco v. Mexico Case. A Paradigmatical Shift Towards Conventionality Control in Mexico / Laurence Burgorgue-Larsen
677
Abstract / Eric Tardif
677
1.
Introduction / Eric Tardif
677
2.
Facts of the Case and Decision of the Inter-American Court / Eric Tardif
678
3.
Context: A Profound Constitutional Reform on Human Rights / Eric Tardif
680
4.
Posture Adopted by Mexico with Regard to the Radilla Judgment / Eric Tardif
685
5.
Consequence: Conventionality Control in Mexico / Eric Tardif
688
6.
Conclusions and Epilogue / Eric Tardif
691
Latin American Judicial Dialogue. A Two-Way Street Towards Effective Protection / Eric Tardif
693
Abstract / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
693
1.
Introduction / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
693
2.
What is Inter-Judicial Dialogue? / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
695
3.
Factors Allowing Dialogue / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
697
3.1.
Legal Context / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
697
3.2.
Normative Frame / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
698
3.3.
Judicial Tools / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
704
4.
Results of Dialogue / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
706
5.
Conclusions / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
708
Part IX. Interaction Between The Inter-American Court And Other International Courts / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
Inter-American Court and the International Criminal Court. Transjudicial Communication, Boundaries and Opportunities / Paola Andrea Acosta Alvarado
715
Abstract / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
715
1.
Introduction / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
716
2.
Transjudicial Communication Boundaries / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
718
2.1.
Conventional Framework / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
719
2.1.1.
flexible framework of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
719
2.1.2.
tighter borders of the International Criminal Court / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
720
2.2.
Monologue in Principles and Context / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
722
2.2.1.
Common principles under construction / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
722
2.2.2.
From contexts of human rights violations to international crimes / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
724
2.3.
Dialogue Through Fundamental Rights in Proceedings / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
729
2.3.1.
Fundamental rights of the accused / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
730
2.3.2.
Fundamental rights of victims / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
733
3.
Conclusion / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
736
Inter-American Court of Human Rights and European Court of Human Rights. From Observation to Interaction on Human Rights / Rosmerlin Estupiñan-Silva
739
Abstract / Cristiana Dominguez
739
1.
Introduction / Cristiana Dominguez
740
2.
Inter-American Court of Human Rights / Cristiana Dominguez
741
2.1.
Quantitative Aspects / Cristiana Dominguez
741
2.2.
Legal Aspects / Cristiana Dominguez
742
3.
European Court of Human Rights / Cristiana Dominguez
745
3.1.
Quantitative Aspects / Cristiana Dominguez
745
3.2.
Legal Aspects / Cristiana Dominguez
746
4.
Conclusions / Cristiana Dominguez
749
Annex 1 / Cristiana Dominguez
750
Annex 2 / Cristiana Dominguez
753
Annex 3 / Cristiana Dominguez
762
Inter-American Court of Human Rights' Positive Obligations Doctrine. Between Unidirectional Influence and Judicial Dialogue / Cristiana Dominguez
765
Abstract / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
765
1.
Introduction / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
765
2.
IACtHR'S Positive Obligations Doctrine / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
768
2.1.
Transversal Positive Obligations / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
769
2.1.1.
Investigation, punishment and reparation for human rights violations / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
770
2.1.2.
rights of the child / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
772
2.1.3.
conventionality control / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
773
2.2.
Specific Positive Obligations / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
775
2.2.1.
Intrinsic human rights / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
775
2.2.2.
Rights of individuals in society / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
779
3.
From Unidirectional Influence to Judicial Dialogue on Positive Obligations? / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
784
4.
Concluding Remarks / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
790
Part X. Reforming The Inter-American System / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
Strengthening or Straining the Inter-American System on Human Rights / Martin Nicolás Montoya Céspedes
795
Abstract / Claudia Martin Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón
795
1.
Introduction / Claudia Martin Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón
795
2.
Process of 1994-2010 / Claudia Martin Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón
800
3.
Results / Claudia Martin Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón
804
4.
'Coup d'étar in the Inter-American System: A Failed One (for now) / Claudia Martin Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón
810
5.
Struggle for Its Autonomy: The Adoption of Amendments to Its Regulations, Its Strategic Plan and Other Practices / Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón Claudia Martin
816
6.
General Appraisal of the Process of Reflection / Claudia Martin Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón
819
About the Editors / Claudia Martin Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón
823
About the Contributors / Diego Rodriguez-Pinzón Claudia Martin
825