French contract law reform : a source of inspiration? / editors S. Stijns & S. Jansen.
2016
KJV1668.A67 I97 2015 (Map It)
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Details
Title
French contract law reform : a source of inspiration? / editors S. Stijns & S. Jansen.
Published
Cambridge : Intersentia, [2016]
Call Number
KJV1668.A67 I97 2015
Former Call Number
Fr 500 Iu7 2016
ISBN
1780684193
9781780684192
9781780684192
Description
x, 231 pages ; 24 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)956625683
Note
"This book is the result of the Contract Law Workshop of the 20th Ius Commune Conference held 26-27 November 2015"--Page 1.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references.
Series
Record Appears in
Added Author
Added Corporate Author
Table of Contents
Introduction / Sanne Jansen
1
Reform of the French Law of Obligations: How Long will the Belgians Remain Napoleon's Most Loyal Subjects? / Sander Van Loock
7
1.
Introduction
7
2.
Historical antecedents
8
3.
Incentives for the reform and the first reform projects
10
3.1.
Incentives
10
3.2.
Initial reform projects
12
4.
Chronicle of a Reform Foretold
14
4.1.
Reform by ordinance
14
4.2.
Criticism
16
5.
Overview
17
5.1.
Incentives and aims of the reform
17
5.2.
General overview
18
5.3.
Appreciation
23
6.
Belgium
24
7.
Conclusion: Brief lessons from the French reform
26
Pre-Contractual Phase: Reflections on the Attractiveness of the New French Rules for the Parties to International Commercial Transactions / Ekaterina Pannebakker
29
1.
Introduction
29
2.
Pre-contractual phase in the ordonnance
31
2.1.
new rules
31
2.2.
background of the new rules
34
2.2.1.
Evolution of case law
34
2.2.2.
International influence
37
3.
Assessing the attractiveness of the new provisions
40
3.1.
Legal certainty
40
3.1.1.
Express limit of liability
40
3.1.2.
Inspiration from the international soft law
42
3.1.3.
Definitions of preliminary agreements
43
3.2.
(In)flexibility
44
3.2.1.
Effects of preliminary agreements
44
3.2.2.
Characterisation of liability
45
4.
Conclusion
46
Nullity in the Ordonnance / Frederik Peeraer
49
1.
Introduction
49
2.
Overview of the ordonnance's approach
50
3.
concept of nullity
51
3.1.
Essential aspects and distinction with other remedies
51
3.2.
summa divisio between absolute and relative nullity
53
3.3.
recognition of partial nullity
57
3.3.1.
Requirements
57
3.3.2.
Scope
58
4.
use of nullity
59
4.1.
Too much nullity
60
4.2.
Not enough nullity
61
5.
enforcement of nullity
61
5.1.
Judicial enforcement
62
5.1.1.
Principle
62
5.1.2.
Criticism
62
5.2.
Obstacles to the enforcement of nullity
65
5.2.1.
Prescription
65
5.2.2.
Confirmation
65
5.2.3.
Regularisation?
66
6.
General appreciation
67
6.1.
textbook example of Begriffsjurisprudenz
67
6.2.
Are there any lessons for Belgium and the Netherlands?
68
7.
Conclusion
70
Tale of Novelty and Continuity: Exploring the Future Judicial Control of Employment Contracts in the French Contract Law Reform / Candida Leone
73
1.
Introduction
73
2.
What's new? The new Civil code provisions and the existing rules
75
2.1.
Clauses creating "a significant imbalance"
75
2.2.
penumbra of unfair terms control
80
3.
Possible headings of unfair terms control in French labour law
82
3.1.
general provision of Article L. 1121--1 Code du Travail
82
3.2.
regime of clauses de variation
83
3.3.
judge-made regime of certain clauses
85
4.
Conclusion
87
Introducing Imprevision into French Contract Law -- A Paradigm Shift in Comparative Perspective / Tobias Lutzi
89
1.
Introduction
89
2.
Imprevision as an exception to pacta sunt servanda
90
2.1.
principle of pacta sunt servanda and its exceptions
90
2.2.
exception for imprevision
93
3.
Current approaches to imprevision
94
3.1.
French approach: no exception for imprevision
94
3.2.
English approach: extension of the impossibility exception
98
3.3.
German approach: development of a separate exception
99
3.3.1.
doctrine of the basis of the transaction
100
3.3.2.
Reception in other legal systems and instruments
102
3.3.3.
codification of 2002
103
4.
French reform
105
4.1.
doctrinal importance of the French reform
107
4.2.
practical shortcomings of the reform proposal
109
4.3.
provision finally adopted
111
5.
Conclusion
112
Commercial Impracticability and the Missed Opportunity of the French Contract Law Reform: Doctrinal, Historical and Law and Economics Arguments -- Comment on Lutzi's Introducing Imprevision into French Contract Law / Janwillem (Pim) Oosterhuis
113
1.
Introduction
113
2.
German commercial impracticability excuse and legal doctrine
115
3.
Long use and wide spread reception: lessons from legal history
118
4.
Practical implications: which remedy is more efficient?
120
4.1.
Efficient contracting: reduction of transaction costs ex ante
121
4.2.
Contractual fairness, efficiency and financial loss
122
4.3.
Reduction of transaction costs ex post: discharge or adjustment?
124
5.
Conclusion
128
Price Reduction under the French Contract Law Reform / Sanne Jansen
131
1.
Introduction
131
2.
Road-map to price reduction: projet Catala, projet de la Chancellerie and projet Terre
133
2.1.
No price reduction under the Catala project, but a partial termination
133
2.2.
No price reduction under the project of the Chancellerie (2008)
134
2.3.
Price reduction and partial termination under the Terre project
135
2.3.1.
Price reduction
135
2.3.2.
Partial termination
137
3.
Price reduction under the ordonnance
138
3.1.
General
138
3.2.
Conditions of application
140
3.2.1.
Contracts and the meaning of `price'
140
3.2.2.
Partial non-performance and seriousness of the non-performance
142
3.2.3.
Excused and (un)excused non-performance?
143
3.2.4.
Relation between price reduction and other remedies
145
3.3.
Role of the judge and of the parties
147
3.3.1.
Role of the parties
147
3.3.2.
Role of the judge
148
3.4.
Calculation method
150
3.5.
Other characteristics
153
3.5.1.
Price reduction before and after the payment of the price
153
3.5.2.
Price reduction as a defence and as a claim of the creditor
154
3.5.3.
Combination with damages
154
3.5.4.
No restitution
154
3.6.
Material partial termination
155
4.
Conclusion
156
Measure of Damages in the French Contract Law Reform - Lessons from far more Inspiring Systems / Brecht Verkempinck
157
1.
Belgian Civil Code
157
1.1.
Need for innovation
157
1.2.
New French legal framework as a godsend?
158
2.
French contract law reform
158
2.1.
lost chance
158
2.2.
Lack of innovation
159
2.3.
Non-inclusion of several basic compensation principles
160
3.
Drafting prerequisites
162
3.1.
Necessity
162
3.2.
Clear, simple and precise rules
163
3.3.
Legal-linguistic consistency
164
3.4.
References
165
4.
Belgium 2020: new provisions on contractual damages
166
4.1.
Basic structure of legal framework
166
4.2.
Introductory provision on the location of contractual damages
167
4.3.
Basic measure of contractual damages
168
4.3.1.
Principle of full compensation
168
4.3.2.
Date of assessment
170
4.3.3.
Expectation interest
171
4.3.4.
Non-pecuniary loss
174
4.3.5.
Lost chances
177
4.3.6.
Reliance interest
178
4.3.7.
Equitable assessment of damages
181
4.3.8.
Gain-based measure of damages
182
4.4.
Limits on principle of full compensation
184
4.4.1.
Foreseeability
184
4.4.2.
Avoidability
189
4.4.3.
Indirectness
195
5.
Conclusion
196
Set-off in the French Reform of the Law of Obligations: a Tale of Missed Opportunities? / Matthias E. Storme
201
1.
role and definition of set-off
201
2.
requirements for set-off: failure to distinguish the requirements for the active and the passive claim
202
3.
Automatic set-off?
202
4.
Obligational aspects and requirements
203
4.1.
Requirements for the active claim
204
4.2.
Requirements for the passive claim
204
5.
Property law aspects
205
5.1.
Requirements for the active claim
205
5.2.
Requirements for the passive claim
205
Fundamental Rights in the French Contract Law Reform / Chantal Mahe
209
Abbreviations
209
1.
Introduction
209
2.
non-codification of a general clause on contractual infringements of any FR
212
2.1.
abandonment of a general clause common to all types of contracts
212
2.2.
abandonment of a general clause common to all fundamental rights
214
2.3.
Upholding direct horizontal effects of FR in the contractual context
217
2.3.1.
implicit rejection of FR indirect interpersonal effects
218
2.3.2.
upholding of the direct interpersonal effects of FR
219
3.
Legal consequences of contractual infringements of FR
221
3.1.
Cour de cassation long-standing case law on proportionality
222
3.2.
deadlock of the unqualified invalidity
224
4.
missed opportunity to codify
227
5.
Lessons to be learned from the French experience
228