A legal framework for emerging business models : dynamic networks as collaborative contracts / Emily M. Weitzenboeck, Postdoctoral Scholar, Norwegian Research Center for Computers & Law, University of Oslo, Norway.
2012
K1010 .W45 2012 (Map It)
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Details
Author
Title
A legal framework for emerging business models : dynamic networks as collaborative contracts / Emily M. Weitzenboeck, Postdoctoral Scholar, Norwegian Research Center for Computers & Law, University of Oslo, Norway.
Published
Cheltenham, Glos, UK : Edward Elgar, [2012]
Call Number
K1010 .W45 2012
ISBN
9781781004654 (hardback ; alk. paper)
178100465X (hardback ; alk. paper)
9781781004661 (ebook)
1781004668 (ebook)
178100465X (hardback ; alk. paper)
9781781004661 (ebook)
1781004668 (ebook)
Description
xxii, 363 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.
System Control No.
(OCoLC)797980955
Summary
The book analyses how dynamic networks are organized and set up through, very often, collaborative contracts and how the behaviour of their member firms is regulated. Good faith and fair dealing as a behavioural criterion in contractual and partnership relations, is an important theme of this work. The background and preconditions for the emergence and growth of such business forms is also investigated. The book contains case studies of such networks from different countries in particular Germany, Austria, Switzerland, England and Norway. It examines relevant legal rules in a number of jurisdictions such as England, Norway, Germany, Italy, France and the US.
Note
Based on the author's thesis (doctoral -- University of Oslo, 2012), under the title: Between Contract and Partnership : Dynamic Networks as Collaborative Contracts and more.
Bibliography, etc. Note
Includes bibliographical references (pages 336-351) and index.
Other Editions
Based on (work): Weitzenboeck, Emily M. Between Contract and Partnership : Dynamic Networks as Collaborative Contracts and more (OCoLC)791923713
Record Appears in
Table of Contents
List of figures and table
xi
Preface
xii
Table of cases
xiv
Table of legislation
xviii
1.
Introduction
1
1.1.
New organizational forms - the business reality
1
1.2.
Dynamic networks
3
1.3.
Types of dynamic networks
5
1.3.1.
Spontaneous and temporary virtual enterprises
5
1.3.2.
Enterprise pools and virtual enterprises formed out of such pools
6
1.3.3.
Long-term dynamic networks with a lead partner
8
1.4.
Background: trends of organizational evolution
9
1.5.
Aim, orientation and outline of this book
13
1.5.1.
Hybrids, collaborative contracts and more
17
1.6.
Methodological considerations
21
1.7.
Terminology
23
1.7.1.
Classical contract
23
1.7.2.
Collaborative network, cluster and enterprise pool
24
1.7.3.
Virtual organization, virtual enterprise
26
1.7.4.
Difference from supply chains
33
1.7.5.
Distinguished from joint ventures, alliances, consortia and partnering
34
2.
Case studies
39
2.1.
Introduction
39
2.2.
Switzerland
42
2.2.1.
Virtuelle Fabrik
42
2.2.2.
VirtuellBau
46
2.3.
Austria
50
2.3.1.
Plastics Cluster
50
2.3.2.
Team Sante
51
2.4.
Germany
52
2.4.1.
KITD Network (South-West Saxony)
53
2.4.2.
Silicon Saxony
56
2.4.3.
AMZ network: Saxony automotive supplier network
58
2.4.4.
ICM network
59
2.5.
Italy
60
2.5.1.
Prato textile district
60
2.5.2.
Promosedia
65
2.6.
England
67
2.6.1.
Square 5 Ltd
67
2.7.
Norway
69
2.7.1.
Arena programme - SIVA Norway
69
2.7.2.
Enterprise pools in Norway
70
2.8.
broker: Elance
71
3.
precontractual stage
74
3.1.
Introduction
74
3.2.
Different precontractual phases
74
3.3.
role of enterprise pools
75
3.3.1.
Introduction
75
3.3.2.
notion of trust
77
3.3.3.
Providing a framework for trust and cooperation
81
3.3.4.
Legal structures used to set up enterprise pools and clusters
84
3.3.5.
Function of the legal relationship between enterprise pool members
91
3.4.
creation of a virtual enterprise: the negotiation phase
92
3.4.1.
Introduction
92
3.4.2.
Types of preliminary documents and agreements
95
3.4.2.1.
Introduction
95
3.4.2.2.
Letters of intent
95
3.4.2.3.
Preliminary agreements
100
3.4.3.
Legal concerns at the precontractual stage
103
3.4.3.1.
Introduction
103
3.4.3.2.
Exclusive cooperation/non-competition
103
3.4.3.3.
Confidentiality
105
3.4.3.4.
Costs and private international law issues
108
3.4.4.
Is there a duty to negotiate in good faith?
109
3.4.4.1.
Introduction
109
3.4.4.2.
principle of good faith
110
3.4.4.3.
Culpa in contrahendo and precontractual liability
115
3.4.5.
Synthesis on good faith negotiations: three categories of behaviour
121
3.4.5.1.
Introduction
121
3.4.5.2.
Duty to inform
121
3.4.5.3.
Sudden and unjustified rupture of negotiations
128
3.4.5.4.
No real intention to contract
136
3.4.6.
Conclusion on good faith and fair dealing
137
3.4.7.
Importance of good faith and fair dealing for dynamic networks
141
3.5.
Negotiations between the virtual enterprise and the client
145
3.6.
Long-term dynamic network with a lead partner: precontractual stage
146
4.
Post formation of a virtual enterprise: contractual issues
148
4.1.
Introduction
148
4.2.
role of contract
149
4.3.
effect of contracts
156
4.4.
Why do contracts have the binding force of law?
159
4.5.
Theories of contract law
162
4.5.1.
classical theory of contract
162
4.5.2.
Neoclassical contract law
165
4.5.3.
relational theory of contract
167
4.6.
Utility of the contract theories in interpreting contracts
172
4.7.
Doctrinal unrest in modern contract theory
175
4.8.
Synthesis: applicability of the contract theories to dynamic networked organizations
179
5.
Internal relationship between the parties during performance: good faith as a behavioural criterion
186
5.1.
Introduction
186
5.2.
Virtual enterprises formed out of enterprise pools
187
5.2.1.
Introduction
187
5.2.2.
Nexus of contracts
188
5.2.3.
Mixture of corporate form and contract
193
5.2.4.
Franchise agreement used together with other legal mechanisms
194
5.2.5.
Why have these legal mechanisms been chosen?
195
5.3.
Long-term dynamic networks with a lead partner
197
5.4.
Nature of the relationship
199
5.4.1.
Introduction
199
5.4.2.
Good faith in the performance of collaborative contracts
199
5.4.2.1.
Good faith distinguished from the notion of abuse of rights
203
5.4.2.2.
Duty to cooperate
205
5.4.2.3.
Duty to provide information/duty to disclose
207
5.4.2.4.
Non-misuse of confidential information
210
5.4.2.5.
Non-competition
212
5.4.2.6.
Contractual provision v general law principles
218
5.4.3.
Good faith in common law jurisdictions
218
5.4.4.
Is there a fiduciary relationship?
224
5.4.5.
Fiduciary duties
229
5.4.6.
Fiduciary duties in dynamic networks
238
5.5.
Final observations
241
6.
Partnership law issues
244
6.1.
Introduction
244
6.2.
Influence of overriding national partnership law rules
247
6.2.1.
Introduction
247
6.2.2.
Formal registration not essential for creation
247
6.2.3.
intention of the parties is not conclusive
257
6.2.4.
Are all collaborative ventures a partnership then?
259
6.2.5.
Enterprise pools and virtual enterprises under partnership law
264
6.3.
Consequences thereof: liability, fiduciary relationship, termination
268
6.3.1.
Introduction
268
6.3.2.
Liability
269
6.3.3.
Relationship between the partners - fiduciary relationship
275
6.3.4.
Limitations with regard to the expulsion, withdrawal or admittance of new partners, and termination of the partnership
278
6.4.
Conclusion
284
7.
Contractual networks
285
7.1.
Introduction
285
7.2.
Results from the case studies analysis on virtual enterprises
286
7.3.
Networks of contracts in long-term dynamic networks with a lead partner
288
7.4.
Contractual networks
289
7.5.
Forms of contractual networks
290
7.5.1.
Enterprise contracts, model contracts and framework agreements
293
7.6.
nature of contractual networks
296
7.6.1.
Introduction
296
7.6.2.
New institutional economics on hybrids: Oliver Williamson
297
7.6.3.
Networks as a unitas multiplex
298
7.6.4.
Hybrids: between or beyond markets and organization?
301
7.7.
Privity of contract
303
7.8.
Connected contracts
310
7.8.1.
Introduction
310
7.8.2.
Usefulness in light of traditional contract law
313
7.8.3.
Usefulness in light of partnership and company law
316
7.9.
Behaviour of individual firms towards each other
317
7.9.1.
Introduction
317
7.9.2.
Duties of loyalty and limited fiduciary duties in networks
318
7.9.3.
Concluding remarks on loyalty and fiduciary duties
326
7.10.
Conclusions and findings
327
8.
Conclusion
330
8.1.
Main objectives of the book
330
8.2.
Main findings
331
8.3.
Final words: a full circle?
334
Bibliography
336
Books, journal articles and papers
336
Other documents
350
European Union projects
351
Index
353