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Table of Contents
Early history
The early Spanish period, 1521-1762
The decline of Spanish rule, 1762-1898. Trade with Europe and America ; Chinese and Chinese mestizos ; The friarocracy ; The development of a national consciousness ; José Rizal and the Propaganda Movement ; The Katipunan ; The 1896 uprising and Rizal's execution
Spanish-American War and Philippine resistance. Outbreak of war, 1989 ; The Malolos Constitution and the Treaty of Paris ; War of resistance
The first phase of United States Rule, 1898-1935. A collaborative Philippine leadership ; The Jones Act ; Economic and social developments
The Commonwealth and the Japanese occupation. Commonwealth politics, 1935-41 ; World War II, 1941-45
Independence and constitutional government, 1945-72. Economic relations with the United States after independence ; Security agreements ; The Huk rebellion ; The Magsaysay, Garcia and Macapagal administrations, 1953-65 ; Marcos and the road to martial law, 1965-72 ; Proclamation 1081 and martial law ; From Aquino's assassination to people's power
Physical setting
The climate
Population. Population growth ; Migration ; Population control
Ethnicity, regionalism, and language. Historical development of ethnic identities ; Language diversity and uniformity ; The lowland Christian population ; Muslim Filipinos ; Upland tribal groups ; The Chinese
Social values and organization
Rural social patterns
Urban social patterns
The role and status of the Filipina
Religious life. Historical background ; Roman Catholicism ; Indigenous Christian churches ; Protestantism ; Islam ; Ecumenical developments ; Church and state
Education. Historical background ; Education in the modern period
Health and living standards
Political economy of development. Economic development until 1970 ; Martial law and its aftermath, 1972-86 ; The Aquino government
Economic planning and policy. Development planning ; Fiscal policy ; Monetary policy ; Privatization
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing. Agricultural geography ; Agricultural production and government policy ; Rice and the green revolution ; Coconut industry ; Sugar ; Land tenancy and land reform ; Livestock ; Forestry ; Fishing
Industry. Manufacturing ; Mining ; Energy
The service sector. Finance ; Transportation ; Telecommunications and postal services ; Tourism
Employment and labor relations. Labor force and employment ; Labor relations
Economic welfare. Extent of poverty ; Causes of poverty
International economic relations. International trade ; Foreign investment ; External debt ; Development assistance ; Political economy of United States military bases
Government structure. Constitutional framework ; National government ; Local government
Politics. The inheritance from Marcos ; The rise of Corazon Aquino ; Political parties ; Voting and elections ; The return of old-style politics in the countryside ; Church-state relations ; Civil-military relations ; The media ; Unsolved political problems
Foreign affairs. Filipino nationalism ; Relations with the United States ; Relations with Asian neighbors ; Relations with the Soviet Union ; Relations with the Middle East
Armed forces in national life. Historical background ; External defense ; Political role ; The counterinsurgency campaign ; Recruitment and personnel ; Defense spending and industry
The structure of the armed forces. Organization and training ; Uniforms, ranks, and insignia ; Salary and benefits ; Foreign military relations
Intelligence and security agencies
Public order and internal security. The communist insurgency ; The Moro insurgency ; Crime ; Law enforcement ; Penal law ; Criminal procedure ; The correctional system
List of figures. Philippines in its Asian setting, 1991 ; Topography and drainage ; Principal ethnolinguistic groups, 1991 ; Estimated population by age and sex, 1988 ; Major agricultural activity, 1991 ; Major industrial activity, 1988 ; Transportation system, 1991 ; Structure of the national government, 1991 ; Regions and provinces, 1990 ; Organization of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), 1989 ; Officer ranks and insignia, 1989 ; Enlisted ranks and insignia, 1989 ; Areas of insurgent organization and activity, 1989.
The early Spanish period, 1521-1762
The decline of Spanish rule, 1762-1898. Trade with Europe and America ; Chinese and Chinese mestizos ; The friarocracy ; The development of a national consciousness ; José Rizal and the Propaganda Movement ; The Katipunan ; The 1896 uprising and Rizal's execution
Spanish-American War and Philippine resistance. Outbreak of war, 1989 ; The Malolos Constitution and the Treaty of Paris ; War of resistance
The first phase of United States Rule, 1898-1935. A collaborative Philippine leadership ; The Jones Act ; Economic and social developments
The Commonwealth and the Japanese occupation. Commonwealth politics, 1935-41 ; World War II, 1941-45
Independence and constitutional government, 1945-72. Economic relations with the United States after independence ; Security agreements ; The Huk rebellion ; The Magsaysay, Garcia and Macapagal administrations, 1953-65 ; Marcos and the road to martial law, 1965-72 ; Proclamation 1081 and martial law ; From Aquino's assassination to people's power
Physical setting
The climate
Population. Population growth ; Migration ; Population control
Ethnicity, regionalism, and language. Historical development of ethnic identities ; Language diversity and uniformity ; The lowland Christian population ; Muslim Filipinos ; Upland tribal groups ; The Chinese
Social values and organization
Rural social patterns
Urban social patterns
The role and status of the Filipina
Religious life. Historical background ; Roman Catholicism ; Indigenous Christian churches ; Protestantism ; Islam ; Ecumenical developments ; Church and state
Education. Historical background ; Education in the modern period
Health and living standards
Political economy of development. Economic development until 1970 ; Martial law and its aftermath, 1972-86 ; The Aquino government
Economic planning and policy. Development planning ; Fiscal policy ; Monetary policy ; Privatization
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing. Agricultural geography ; Agricultural production and government policy ; Rice and the green revolution ; Coconut industry ; Sugar ; Land tenancy and land reform ; Livestock ; Forestry ; Fishing
Industry. Manufacturing ; Mining ; Energy
The service sector. Finance ; Transportation ; Telecommunications and postal services ; Tourism
Employment and labor relations. Labor force and employment ; Labor relations
Economic welfare. Extent of poverty ; Causes of poverty
International economic relations. International trade ; Foreign investment ; External debt ; Development assistance ; Political economy of United States military bases
Government structure. Constitutional framework ; National government ; Local government
Politics. The inheritance from Marcos ; The rise of Corazon Aquino ; Political parties ; Voting and elections ; The return of old-style politics in the countryside ; Church-state relations ; Civil-military relations ; The media ; Unsolved political problems
Foreign affairs. Filipino nationalism ; Relations with the United States ; Relations with Asian neighbors ; Relations with the Soviet Union ; Relations with the Middle East
Armed forces in national life. Historical background ; External defense ; Political role ; The counterinsurgency campaign ; Recruitment and personnel ; Defense spending and industry
The structure of the armed forces. Organization and training ; Uniforms, ranks, and insignia ; Salary and benefits ; Foreign military relations
Intelligence and security agencies
Public order and internal security. The communist insurgency ; The Moro insurgency ; Crime ; Law enforcement ; Penal law ; Criminal procedure ; The correctional system
List of figures. Philippines in its Asian setting, 1991 ; Topography and drainage ; Principal ethnolinguistic groups, 1991 ; Estimated population by age and sex, 1988 ; Major agricultural activity, 1991 ; Major industrial activity, 1988 ; Transportation system, 1991 ; Structure of the national government, 1991 ; Regions and provinces, 1990 ; Organization of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), 1989 ; Officer ranks and insignia, 1989 ; Enlisted ranks and insignia, 1989 ; Areas of insurgent organization and activity, 1989.